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Peds > CTC and Case reviews > Flashcards

CTC and Case reviews Flashcards

1
Q

most common soft tissue mass in trachea of a kid

A

hemangioma

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2
Q

what percent of meconium aspiration leads to pnx

A

20-40%

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3
Q

how to differentiate btw beta hemolytic step pna and RDS

A

beta hemolytic strep pna has pleural effusions

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4
Q

what type of ca can CCAM transform into

A

pleuropulmo blastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

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5
Q

where is CLE most common? what is the rx?

A

LUL, lobectomy

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6
Q

what infection is associated with CDH on the right?

A

GBS pna

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7
Q

what is pappiloomatosis, what is the imaging appearnace

A

assoc with perinatal HPV infection, 2 percent risk of sq cell ca, see soft tissue masses/nodules in the airways and lungs

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8
Q

what nuc med tracer has affinity for thymic rebound

A

FDG

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9
Q

what type of neuroblastoma in a kid has better prognosis

A

thoracic

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10
Q

what are the imaging features of pleuropulmo blastoma? what extra pulmo association does it have?

A

no calcs, no rib invasion, can be cystic or solid (looks like CCAM). associated with multilocular cystic nephroma in 10%

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11
Q

most common type of TE fistula? what do u see in the stomach?

A

N type - blind ending E with distal connection of E and T, see too much air in the stomach

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12
Q

what percent of duodenal atresias have downs? what percent have polyhydramnios and premature?

A

30 percent have downs, 40 percent have ploy/PT

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13
Q

what are the signs of duod atreasia vs duod obstruction (ex due to malrotation/volvulus)

A

duod atresia: double bubble with no distal gas

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14
Q

what are the signs of duod obstruction?

A

double bubble with a small amount of distal gas, causes are web, stenosis, annular panc, ladd bands

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15
Q

what are the measurements for Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? age range?

A

4 mm single wall, 14 mm length, age 2-12 weeks (NOT after 3 mo of age)

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16
Q

what are the signs of distal ileal atresia

A

long microcolon, contrast does NOT reach ileal loops

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17
Q

risk of perforation with intusseception? why is air reduction better than barium?

A

0.5 percent. air causes less peritonitis (spillage of fecal material)

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18
Q

what are enteric duplication cysts assoc with?

A

vertebral anomalies, 30 percent of the time

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19
Q

what is the only parameter associated with decreased incidence of NEC?

A

breast feeding

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20
Q

what part of colon is NEC most common in

A

right colon

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21
Q

is maternal AFP higher in omphalocele or gastroschisis

A

gastroschisis

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22
Q

what time frame is physiologic gut herniation seen

A

6-8 weeks, up to 11 weeks

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23
Q

what liver tumors in kids have high AFP

A

hepatoblastoma (solid, calcs in 50%) and HCC

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24
Q

what is most common type of choledochal cyst? what is carolis?

A

type 1 (focal dilation of CBD), carolis is type 5 and intrahepatic bil-dil only see central dot sign

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25
Q

what is carolis associated with

A

ARPKD and medullary sponge kidney

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26
Q

what do u see in the liver in osler weber?

A

liver AVMs, massively dilated hepatic a, cirrhosis

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27
Q

what type of peds liver tumor is gallium avid

A

fibrolamellar HCC

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28
Q

what is the most common extrahepatic sign of biliary atresia

A

absent GB

29
Q

what is seen in biliary atresia, what are the associations

A

no extrahepatic bile ducts, triangle cord sign on US (echogenic structure at porta hep), assoc with trisomy 18 and polysplenia

30
Q

what is fibrosing colonopathy

A

thickening of the proximal colon due to enzyme replacement threapy in CF patients

31
Q

what GU problems are seen with unilateral renal agensis

A

absent ipsi ureter, absent ipsi hemitrigone, absent ipsi vas def, seminal vesicle cyst on ipsi side

32
Q

what is the risk of wilms in horseshoe kidney

A

8 times higher risk of wilms

33
Q

what cancer can develop in a horseshoe kidney

A

renal carcinoid

34
Q

what percent of congenital UPJ obstruction is bilateral

A

20%

35
Q

what kind of bladder cancer is assoc with patent urachus

A

adenoca

36
Q

what is the mgmt for nephroblastomatosis

A

US q3 mo until the age of 7 to make sure it doesnt go to wilms

37
Q

what does mesoblastic nephroma look like

A

solid mass on infancy, usually involves the renal pelvis

38
Q

what is unique about clear cell variant of wilms

A

likes to met to the bones

39
Q

age presentation diff btw NB and wilms?

A

NB: usually before 2 years, can be born with it. Wilms: usually around 4 yo, never born with it

40
Q

what is the next best step if u suspect wilms on imaging?

A

NEVER biopsy bc u can seed the tract, remove it surgically/chemo first

41
Q

what is the best test for NB mets?

A

MIBG scan

42
Q

what is the paraneoplastic syndrome assoc with NB?

A

opsomyoclonus (dancing eyes and feet)

43
Q

what percent of SC teratomas are b9?

A

eighty percent

44
Q

what is the most common extratesticular mass in a kid?

A

embryonal rhabdo from the spermatic cord or epeidydmis

45
Q

what are the most common testicular germ cell tumors in a kid

A

yolk sac (v high AFP) and teratoma

46
Q

how do sertoli cell testicular tumors present

A

bilateral, burned out tumors, assoc with Peutz Jehgers

47
Q

in what condition is sindig larsen johansen syndrome seen?

A

kids with cerebral palsy

48
Q

what is the most common acquired cause of hypothyroidism in kids

A

hashimotos

49
Q

what is amelia?

A

absent limb

50
Q

what is rhizomelia?

A

proximal limbs are short (femur, humerus)

51
Q

what is acromelia?

A

distal limbs are short

52
Q

what is mesomelia?

A

middle limbs are short (forearm)

53
Q

what is a risk factor for achondroplasia?

A

advanced paternal age

54
Q

what is jaffe campanacci syndrome

A

multiple NOFs, MR, hypogonadism, cyrptochidism, multiple cafe au lait spots, cardiovasc probs

55
Q

what is the inheritance pattern for multiple hereditary exostosis? what is the risk of malignant degeneration in HME?

A

AD, risk of malignant deg: 1-20%

56
Q

what is the most common mechanism of elbow injury in kids?

A

hyperextension - usually results in posterior displacement of the fracture fragment

57
Q

what is the difference in managment for extension vs flexion type injuries in elbow fractures in kids?

A

flexion requires open reduction, extension usually closed reduction

58
Q

what are the most common types of elbow injuries in kids (most to least common)

A

supracondylar fx, lateral condylar fx, medical epicondyle

59
Q

what type of CCAM is associated with other anomalies?

A

type 2 (many cysts, uniform size) assoc with skeletal, cardiac, intestinal)

60
Q

what are the CNS manifestations of LCH?

A

hypertrophied, Low T1 pituitary stalk, diabetes insipidus

61
Q

what ribs show notching in coarctation of the aorta? what vessels supply the distal aorta in coarctation? what is the gender predominance?

A

inferior surface of the 3rd to 5th ribs. mediastinal, intercostal, superior epigastric vessels. male predominance.

62
Q

what is the most frequently occurring symptomatic vascular ring? iare cardiac anomalies more prevalent in right or left aortic arch with aberrant subclavian artery?

A

right aortic arch with aberrant left subclavian, cardiac anomalies are more common with a right aortic arch (as opposed to left aortic arch with aberrant right sublavian)

63
Q

what is denys drash syndome?

A

meduallary glomerulosclerosis, wilms tumor, ambigious genetalia. almost all have nephroblastomatosis (increased risk of wilms)

64
Q

what is the abnl relationship btw the SMA and SMV seen in malrotation?

A

SMA to the right of the SMV = abnormal

65
Q

are bladder ears seen in a distended or non distended bladder?

A

non distended

66
Q

what are bladder ears associated with

A

it is due to patent process vaginalis - assoc with inguinal hernia

67
Q

what is the most common cause of a palpable abdominal mass in a neonate?

A

UPJ obstruction

68
Q

what is potter SYNDROME

A

oligohydramnios assoc with pulmonary hypoplasia

Peds (1 decks)

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