CTC Flashcards
what is zinner syndrome
renal agensis, ipsi seminal vesicle cyst, male infertility
what testicular tumors have high beta hcg
seminoma, choriocarcinoma
what testicular tumors have high AFP
yolk sac tumor, mixed GCT
what is the msot common condition associated with prostatic utricle cyst
hypospadias
what is the most common cause of an acquired seminal vesicle cyst
prostate surgery
what are risk factors for testicular ca
crytochidism, klinefelters, trauma, orchitis
what is the normal size of a yolk sac
between 3 and 6 mm
what is the etiology of amniotic band syndrome
amnion gets disrupted before 10 weeks and fetus crosses into the chorionic cavity and gets tangled in fibrous bands
What is the initial rx for metatstatic and non metastatic osteosarcoma?
Chemotherapy then surgery (even resect mets after chemo)
what are the findings of invasive aspergillosis?
fungal ball with surrounding GGO (halo sign), the crescent sign (lucency around a nodule)
what tumors are of higher incidence in a patient with a horseshoe kidney?
TCC and adenoca in adults, wilms in kids
inw hat bones do the epihyses and metaphysis recieve separate blood supply?
proximal femur and distal radius
what is the pattern of conversion of red marrow to yellow marrow?
appendicular first, axial often stays as red marrow into adult hood. within the bones: distal to proximal: epiphysis -> diaphysis-> distal metaphysis -> proximal metaphysis
what are common types of toddlers fractures?
spital oblique tibial fx, calcaneal impaction fx, cuboid impaction fx, 5th metatarsal
what conditions is testicular microlithiasis assoc with?
Downs, cryptochidism
what gender is more affected by VUR?
girls
what is the ddx for the halo sign in the lungs?
Mets, aspergillosis, septic emboli, Kaposis
what is the most common organism to cuase pna in a child
s pna
hw do u diffrentiate btw neonatal pna caused by strep B and RDS?
RDS wont have pleural effusions
what percent of kids with TOF have pulmonary atresia?
20%
what organism causes hypertrophic gastritis (menetriers) in kids?
C jejuni is usually self limited
what disease is associated with rectal prolapse?
cystif fibrosis
what are the complications of overshunting in a VP shunt?
overlapping head sutures -> premature closure/craniosynostosis, subdural hemorrhage
what other neuro and non neuro abnormalities are assoc with dandy walker malformation
cervical hydromyelia, occipital encephalocele, keyhole 4th ventricle, CC dysgenesis, migration abnl (heterotopias etc), Non neuro: cardiac and polydactyly
what percent of kids with beckwith widemann get malignant tumors
10-15%
what complications is a kid who had group B strep pna prone to?
right sided diaphragmatic hernia (delayed onset), empyema, abcess, pneumatocele
what is the Rx for calyceal diverticulum?
none if there are no symptoms
why do kids get round pna? unitl what age do they get it?
bc canals of lambert and pores of Kohn are not well developed so dont have spread of infection, have a localized infection. until age 8.
what symptoms does a child with double aortic arch present with?
stridor, can swallow liquids but not solids
what risk factor is menetriers disease in an adult associated with?
increased risk of gastric ca
what are the acetabular and iliac angles in a kid with downs syndrome, compared to normal (increased/decreased?) are they prone to coxa vara or valga>
decreased, increased risk of coxa valga
what are the entinal nodes for left sided testicular ca? right sided testicular ca?
left: paraaortic nodes just below the renal vein, right: aortocaval nodes at the level of L2
what percent of endometrial polyps are malignant?
0.5-1 percent
what is the ultrasound appearance of an endometrioma?
diffuse low level echoes with increased thru transmission (not shadowing as seen with teratoma)
what kind of cancer can mature ovarian teratoma degenerate into?
squamous cell
