CT soft tissue neck Flashcards
1
Q
Indications for neck CT has 2 main categories:
A
- Bone
- Soft tissue
2
Q
What are the 3 things under bone indications:
A
- tumors
- infection
- trauma
3
Q
What are the 6 things under soft tissue indications:
A
- tumors
- congenital defects
- enlargement of glands
- infection
- abscess
- vasculature
4
Q
What are the windows for neck protocol?
A
- soft tissue: 450ww/75wl
- bone: 4000ww/400wl
5
Q
Do we use IV contrast for neck?
A
- yes, always (unless contraindicated)
6
Q
What is the goal for IV contrast for the neck?
(3 things)
A
To enhance:
- Mucosa
- lymph nodes
- pathological tissue
7
Q
Split bolus technique is used for neck, whats the volume and flow rate for each bolus?
A
- 1st: 50mL @ 2mL/s w/ 2m delay
- 2nd: 75mL @ 2mL/s w/ 25s delay (arterial)
8
Q
What are the 3 types of breathing instructions for neck CT?
A
- Modified valsalva maneuver
- pronounce long “e” during scanning
- most commonly: “hold your breath and dont swallow”
9
Q
What phase do we image for CTA of the neck?
A
- Arterial phase
10
Q
Why are CTA’s performed?
(3 things)
A
Evaluates:
- vessel walls
- relationship of lesions and surrounding structures
- valuable for surgical planning
11
Q
Advantages of CTA:
(5 things)
A
- non-invasive
- widely available
- time saving (think!: stroke)
- can combine with brain perfusion studies
- cost effective
12
Q
Goals for CTA neck:
A
- Evaluate and measure stenosis of carotid arteries and its branches, and vertebral arteries and its branches
- Detect vascular lesions, dissections and occlusions
13
Q
What does CTV do?
A
- visualize venous anatomy
14
Q
What’s different with CTV?
A
- same protocol as CTA, just need longer scan delay
