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CT Scan > CT Imaging of Head and Neck > Flashcards

CT Imaging of Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

BRAIN IMAGING
Examples of clinical indications
- Without contrast:

A

intracranial hemorrhage, early infarction, dementia, hydrocephalus, cerebral trauma

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2
Q

BRAIN IMAGING
Examples of clinical indications
- Without and with contrast:

A

Mass, lesion, arteriovenous malformation, metastasis, aneurysm, for symptoms of headache, seizure

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3
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Scout

A

AP and lateral

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4
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Scan type

A

Axial

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5
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Scan plane

A

Transverse

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6
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Start location

A

Just below skull base

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7
Q

BRAIN IMAGING End location

A

Just above vertex

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8
Q

BRAIN IMAGING IV contrast

A

100 mL at 1.0 mL/s

Scan delay = 5 minutes

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9
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Oral Contrast

A

None

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10
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Reference Angle

A

Angle gantry parallel to supraorbital meatal line (avoid lens of eyes)

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11
Q

BRAIN IMAGING SFOV

A

Head

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12
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Algorithm

A

Standard

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13
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Window settings

A

140 ww/40 wl

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14
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Gantry rotation time

A

2.0 s or 1.0 s depending on the CT scan

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15
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Reconstruction (slice thickness/interval)

A

5.0 mm/5 mm (2 images per rotation)

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16
Q

BRAIN IMAGING kVp/mA (posterior fossa)

A

140/150

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17
Q

BRAIN IMAGING kVp/mA (vertex)

A

120/150

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18
Q

BRAIN IMAGING Reconstruction 2:

A

Algorithm: Bone
Window setting: 4000 ww/400 wl
DFOV: ∼23
Slice thickness/interval 2.5 mm/2.5 mm

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19
Q
  • Lens shaped (dura tightly adhered to skull
  • Can cross midline
  • Frequently assoc. with fracture
A

Epidural Hematoma

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20
Q

Follows the contour of the brain & doesn’t cross the midline

A

Subdural Hematoma

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21
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Examples of clinical indications

- Without contrast:

A

cholesteatoma, inflammatory disease, fractures, evaluate implants

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22
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Examples of clinical indications

- With contrast:

A

IAC tumor, hearing loss, acoustic neuroma, Schwannoma

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23
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Scout

A

AP and lateral

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24
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Scan type:

A

Axial

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25
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Scan plane:

A

Transverse

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26
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Start location

A

Just below the mastoid process

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27
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING End location

A

Just above petrous ridge (include entire mastoid, internal auditory canal, and external auditory canal)

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28
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING IV contrast

A

(if contrast is ordered) 100 mL at 1.0 mL/s. Scan delay = when all contrast is administered

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29
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Oral Contrast

A

None

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30
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Reference Angle

A

Angle gantry parallel to infraorbital meatal line (be sure patient’s head is straight and not rotated in the head holder)

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31
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING DFOV

A

~ 9.6cm

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32
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING SFOV

A

Head

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33
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Algorithm

A

Bone

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34
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Window settings

A

4000ww/400wl

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35
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING kVp/mA

A

140/170

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36
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Gantry rotation time

A

1.0s

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37
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Reconstruction (slice thickness/interval):

A

0.625 mm/0.625 mm

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38
Q

TEMPORAL BONE IMAGING Reconstruction 2:

A

Algorithm: Bone
Window setting: 4000 ww/400 wl
DFOV: ∼9.6 cm
Slice thickness and interval: 0.625 mm/0.625 mm

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39
Q

is intended as an inexpensive, accurate, and low radiation dose method for confirming the presence of inflammatory sinonasal disease

A

Sinus screening

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40
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES(SCREENING) CT scans typically obtained for visualizing the paranasal sinus should include

A

coronal and axial (3-mm) cross sections

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41
Q

In Paranasal Sinuses Screening, _____ facilitate evaluation of disease processes and the bony architecture.

A

Soft tissue and bony windows

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42
Q

In Paranasal Sinuses Screening, the use of ____ just prior to scanning can help define soft tissue lesions and delineate vascularized structures, such as vascular tumors.

A

Intravenous constrast material

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43
Q

Contrast-enhanced CT is particularly useful in evaluating

A

neoplastic, chronic, and inflammatory processes.

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44
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Examples of clinical indications:

A

Recurrent or chronic sinusitis

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45
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Scout

A

Lateral

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46
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Scan type

A

Axial

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47
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Scan plane

A

Coronal

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48
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Start location

A

Mid sella

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49
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

End location

A

Through frontal sinus

50
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

IV contrast

A

none

51
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Oral contrast

A

none

52
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Reference angle

A

Angle gantry perpendicular to the orbital meatal line

53
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

DFOV

A

16 cm

54
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

SFOV

A

Head

55
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Algorithm

A

Standard

56
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Window settings

A

350ww/50wl

57
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Reconstruction (slice thickness/interval):

A

2.5mm/2.5mm

58
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

kVp/mA

A

120/150

59
Q

PARANASAL SINUSES SCREENING

Reconstruction 2:

A

Algorithm: Bone
Window setting: 4000 ww/400 wl
DFOV: ∼23
Slice thickness/interval 2.5 mm/2.5 mm

60
Q

FACIAL BONES

Examples of clinical indications:

A

Characterization of facial fractures and soft tissue injury

61
Q

FACIAL BONES Scouts

A

AP and lateral

62
Q

FACIAL BONES Scan type

A

Helical

63
Q

FACIAL BONES Scan plane

A

Transverse

64
Q

FACIAL BONES Start location

A

Just below mandible

65
Q

FACIAL BONES End location

A

Just above frontal sinus

66
Q

FACIAL BONES IV contrast

A

none

67
Q

FACIAL BONES Oral contrast

A

none

68
Q

FACIAL BONES Reference angle

A

Angle gantry parallel to infraorbital meatal line

69
Q

FACIAL BONES DFOV

A

18 cm

70
Q

FACIAL BONES SFOV

A

Head

71
Q

FACIAL BONES Algorithm

A

Standard

72
Q

FACIAL BONES Window settings

A

350ww/50wl

73
Q

FACIAL BONES Gantry rotation time

A

0.8s

74
Q

FACIAL BONES Reconstruction (slice thickness/interval)

A

1.24 mm/0.625 mm

75
Q

FACIAL BONES Pitch

A

0.562

76
Q

FACIAL BONES kVp/mA

A

120/250

77
Q

FACIAL BONES Reconstruction 2

A

Algorithm: Bone
Window setting: 4000 ww/400 wl
DFOV: 18
Slice thickness/interval: 1.25 mm/0.625 mm

78
Q

Tripod Fracture

A

Zygomatic-frontal suture
Zygomatic arch
Maxillary sinus wall

79
Q

Routine scanning of the neck is typically performed with the patient in

A

supine and the neck slightly extended

80
Q

Neck scanning is most often performed in the

A

Helical mode

81
Q

To reduce artifacts that degrade images in the lower neck, the patient should be instructed to

A

lower the shoulders as much as possible

82
Q

The goals in CT scanning of the neck are

A

to allow sufficient time after contrast administration for mucosa, lymph nodes, and pathologic tissue to enhance, yet acquire images while the vasculature remains opacified

83
Q

NECK IMAGING

Examples of clinical indications:

A

Neck mass, vascular abnormality

If patient has metal dental work, split scan into two groups and angle to reduce artifact

84
Q

NECK IMAGING Scouts

A

AP and lateral

85
Q

NECK IMAGING Scan type

A

Helical

86
Q

NECK IMAGING Scan plane

A

Transverse

87
Q

NECK IMAGING Start location

A

Mid orbit

88
Q

NECK IMAGING End location

A

Clavicular heads

89
Q

NECK IMAGING IV contrast

A

125 mL at 1.5 mL/s.
Split bolus—1st injection 50 mL, 2-minute delay; 2nd injection 75 mL, scans initiated 25 seconds after the start of the second injection.

90
Q

NECK IMAGING Oral contrast

A

none

91
Q

NECK IMAGING Reference angle

A

Angle gantry parallel to hard palate

92
Q

NECK IMAGING DFOV

A

18 cm

93
Q

NECK IMAGING SFOV

A

Large body

94
Q

NECK IMAGING Algorithm

A

Standard

95
Q

NECK IMAGING Window settings

A

350ww/50wl

96
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Examples of clinical indications
A

Fracture, dislocation

97
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Scouts
A

AP and lateral

98
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Scan type
A

Helical

99
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Scan plane
A

Transverse

100
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Start location
A

Just above skull base

101
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
End location
A

Mid T1 (include all cervical spine vertebrae, unless a level is specified)

102
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
IV contrast
A

(only when requested by radiologist) 100 mL at 1.5 mL/s.

Scan delay = when injection is complete

103
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Oral contrast
A

none

104
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Reference angle
A

No gantry tilt

105
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
DFOV
A

~ 13cm

106
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
SFOV
A

Large body

107
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Algorithm
A

Standard

108
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Window settings
A

350ww/50wl

109
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Gantry rotation time
A

0.8s

110
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Reconstruction (slice thickness/interval)
A

2.50mm/1.25mm

111
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Pitch
A

0.562

112
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
kVp/auto mA
A

140/125-325

113
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Reconstruction 2
A

Algorithm: Bone
Window setting: 4000 ww/400 wl
DFOV: ∼13 cm
Slice thickness/interval: 2.5 mm/1.25 mm

114
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Reformations
A

Coronal and Sagittal

115
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Algorithm
A

Bone

116
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Window setting
A

4000ww/400wl

117
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
DFOV
A

Full

118
Q 
NECK IMAGING (Cervical Spine)
Slice thickness/spacing
A

2.0mm/2.0mm

119
Q

CT angiography advantages:
- The time-saving nature of CTA over traditional angiography is particularly important in the case of patients suspected of suffering an acute stroke in which treatment decisions must be made quickly.

A

noninvasive and widely available

120
Q

The goals of CTA for cervicocranial vascular evaluation:

A

1) to accurately measure stenosis of the carotid and vertebral arteries and their branches,
2) to evaluate the circle of Willis for completeness using three-dimensional reformations of cerebral vasculature in relation to other structures,
3) to detect other vascular lesions, such as dissections or occlusions.

121
Q

used for the depiction of venous anatomy

A

CT venography (CTV)

122
Q

Scan parameters for CT venography are quite similar to CTA, except images are acquired while contrast is in

A

the venous enhancement phase.

CT Scan (8 decks)

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