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Lower quarter > CT division > Flashcards

CT division Flashcards

1
Q

Common S/S of CAD

A

headaches/migraines
men 35-50
Carotidynia
Ptosis

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2
Q

Ptosis definition

A

Dropping of the eyelid

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3
Q

Carotidynia definition

A

Mid - upper cervical pain
Pain around ear and jaw

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4
Q

Cranial nerve Mnemonic

A

Oh oh oh to touch and feel very good velvet, ah heaven

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5
Q

Cranial nerve 1

A

olfactory nerve
sense of smell

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6
Q

Cranial nerve 2

A

Optic nerve
Ability to see

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7
Q

Cranial nerve 3

A

Oculomotor nerve
Ability to move and blink your eyes

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8
Q

Cranial nerve 4

A

Trochlear nerve
Ability to move your eyes up and down or back and forth

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9
Q

Cranial nerve 5

A

Trigeminal nerve
Sensations in your face and cheeks, taste and jaw movements

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10
Q

Cranial nerve 6

A

Abducens nerve
Ability to move your eyes

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11
Q

Cranial nerve 7

A

Facial nerve
Facial expressions and sense of taste

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12
Q

Cranial nerve 8

A

Auditory/vestibular nerve
Sense of hearing and balance

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13
Q

Cranial nerve 9

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve
Ability to taste and swallow

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14
Q

Cranial nerve 10

A

Vagus nerve
Digestion and heart rate

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15
Q

Cranial nerve 11

A

Accessory nerve or spinal accessory nerve
Shoulder and neck muscle movement

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16
Q

Cranial nerve 12

A

Hypoglossal nerve
Ability to move your tongue

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17
Q

Cervical myelopathy demographics

A

males
> 50 y/o
C5-6 more commonly

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18
Q

Cervical myelopathy signs

A

Hyperreflexia DTRs
UMN signs
Unsteadiness

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19
Q

UMN signs

A

Sensory loss with multi-dermatomal pattern
Neuromuscular exam of upper and lower extremities
Spasticity
Clonus
Ms wasting of UE and LE

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20
Q

Finger escape sign

A

Seated, pt flexes both elbow to 90
PT pronates and ADD fingers
(+) if 5th finger cannot maintain adduction

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21
Q

Ulnar nerve neuropathy

A

(+) Wartenberg sign
Paresthesias on 4th and 5th finger

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22
Q

Posterior interosseus nerve

A

Radial Nerve branch and is motor only seen w/ supinator syndrome

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23
Q

Median nerve entrapment

A

Cause paresthesias on the volar aspect of the band and the fingertips of 1,2,3 & lateral 4th

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24
Q

Parsonage - Turner’s syndrome

A

Neuritis involving the brachial plexus (involves the upper trunk)

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25
Q

Mckenzie dysfunction results

A

Pain at end range
Best intervention is to progress into their limitation w/ dysfunction criteria

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26
Q

Cervical myelopathy CPG

A

Gait deviation
(+) Babinski’s test
(+) Hoffman test
(+) Supinator sign
Hyperreflexia of Brachioradialis
3+ or greater w/ ms stretch reflex testing

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27
Q

T4 syndrome

A

Stocking glove pattern and symptoms in their upper thoracic spine
Common mimic of diabetes and radiculopathy

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28
Q

Pronator teres innervated

A

Median Nerve

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29
Q

Radiculopathy and stenosis have what in common?

A

Dermatomal loss at specific lvls

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30
Q

Morquio syndrome

A

Bone dysplasia associated w/ C1-2 subluxation

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31
Q

VBI vs BPPV

A

VBI at end range cervical rotation will increase dizziness
BPPV at end range cervical rotation will decrease dizziness over time after it is increased w/ position change

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32
Q

Bakody sign (abduction test)

A

P or AROM shld ABD to place hand on head
(+) if symptom reduction
(-) for symptom magnification and potential for scalene issue/involvement

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33
Q

Spinoglenoid notch

A

Entrapment in this area could lead to suprascapular nerve involvement and atrophy of infraspinatus

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34
Q

Quadrilateral space syndrome

A

Fatty infiltration of the teres minor and compression of the axillary nerve
Cause cervical radiculopathy symptoms and posterior shld pain

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35
Q

Parsonage - turner syndrome

A

Brachial neuritis w/ pain initially but no pain and only muscle weakness
Common w/ recent illness or vaccinations, 5th decade of life

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36
Q

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy

A

Similar to CRPS
S/s of burning pain, increased skin sensitivity, changes in skin temp, swelling and stiffness in joints, changes in skin color

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37
Q

Cervical mechanical Tx is done when?

A

If no centralization of symptoms

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38
Q

Cervicogenic headaches w/ increased symptoms past work will benefit from?

A

Grade III/IV mobs and DNF training

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39
Q

Arnold Chiari malformation

A

Displacement of cerebellar tonsils and brain stem tissue into the foramen magnum.
Neck pain and HA symptoms

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40
Q

Quadrilateral space syndrome

A

Created by the lateral head of the triceps, teres minor, teres major and medial border of the humerus
Hold the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

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41
Q

What does the C5 innervate?

A

Axillary nerve root and innervates the deltoid, teres minor
sensation to lateral shoulder

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42
Q

Wartenberg sign

A

Slightly greater ABD of the 5th digit due to weakness of the palmar interosseous ms unopposed action to the radial innervated extensor ms (digiti minimi, digitorum communis)

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43
Q

Wartenberg’s syndrome

A

Entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve w/ only sensory manifestations and no motor deficits

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44
Q

Middle 1/3 humeral Fx results in?

A

Radial N injury

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45
Q

Radial nerve supplies motor

A

Triceps
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Extensor bundle
Abductor pollicis and extensor indices

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46
Q

TMJ w/ reduction

A

Opening click where disc shifts anteriorly and returns posteriorly w/ closing

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47
Q

TMJ w/o reduction

A

Smaller ability to open the jaw due
Posterior displacement results in decreased ability to close jaw

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48
Q

Thoracodorsal Nerve innervates

A

Latissimus dorsi

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49
Q

Thoracodorsal nerve is from what nerve root

A

C6-8

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50
Q

Lower subscapular nerve innervates

A

Teres Major

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51
Q

Lower subscapular nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-6

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52
Q

Upper subscapular nerve innervates

A

Subscapularis

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53
Q

Upper subscapular nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-7

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54
Q

Musculocutaneous Nerve innervates

A

Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
and is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm

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55
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-7

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56
Q

Axillary Nerve innervates

A

Deltoid
Teres minor

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57
Q

Axillary nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-6

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58
Q

Radial nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-T1

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59
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve innervates

A

Rhomboid
Levator

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60
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve is from what nerve root

A

C4-5

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61
Q

Long thoracic nerve innervates

A

Serratus anterior

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62
Q

Long thoracic nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-7

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63
Q

Nerve to the subclavius innervates

A

Subclavis ms

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64
Q

Nerve to the subclavius is from what nerve root

A

C5-6

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65
Q

Suprascapular nerve innervates

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus

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66
Q

Suprascapular nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-6

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67
Q

Lateral Pectoral nerve innervates

A

Pec minor and major

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68
Q

Lateral pectoral nerve is from what nerve root

A

C5-7

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69
Q

Ulnar nerve innervates

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial 2 bellies of flexor digitorum profundus
Intrinsic hand ms
Thenar ms
2 most lateral lumbricals

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70
Q

Ulnar nerve is from what nerve root

A

C8-T1

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71
Q

OA CPG treatment

A

Flexibility, endurance, and strengthening exercises and manual is A evidence

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72
Q

Canadian C-spine rules

A

≥ 65 y/o
Dangerous mechanism
Paresthesias in extremities
Rotate L & R 45 degrees (Unable)

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73
Q

C-spine rule dangerous mechanism

A

Fall of ≥ 3ft or 5 stairs
Axial load to head
> 100km/hr

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74
Q

Arcade of Froshe

A

Commonly traps the posterior interosseous Nerve branch of radial Nerve

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75
Q

Ligament of struthers and arcade of struthers and lower c-spine radiculopathy cause?

A

Increased pain for ulnar nerve

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76
Q

How to reduce right orbit lower than left in congenital torticollis

A

R SCM stretching to reduce tightness and eye issues

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77
Q

Froment’s sign

A

Weakness of ADD pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis and first dorsal interosseous ms
Suggestive of ulnar neuropathy or entrapment

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78
Q

Klippel - Feil syndrome

A

2 or more vertebra are fused in the C/s from birth

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79
Q

Scheuermann disease

A

Juvenile kyphosis
Vertebral bodies are discs of the spine identified by anterior wedging of greater than or equal to 5 degrees or 3 or more adjacent vertebral bodies & > 40 degrees

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80
Q

What is a characteristic of Grave’s disease?

A

Enophtalmos or posterior displacement of the eye within the socket

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81
Q

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)

A

Most widely used surgeries for cervical radiculopathy
Can remove compression w/o retraction of spinal cord

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82
Q

Hangman’s Fx

A

Fx of the axis (C2) at the pedicles

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83
Q

Jefferson Fx

A

C1 Fx

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84
Q

Extension Tear drop Fx

A

Middle or lower c/s Fx due to forced et w/ avulsion of anterior inferior corner of the vertebral body

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85
Q

Tx for tear drop Fx

A

Immobilization

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86
Q

Clay shoveler’s Fx

A

Lower C/s
Avulsion type spinous process Fx of lower C/s or upper T/s

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87
Q

Erbs - Duchenne palsy

A

Traction or avulsion injury to the upper roots of C5-6
Results in waiter’s tip of the UE

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88
Q

Klumpke’s palsy

A

Involves C8-T1

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89
Q

Upper cervical instability is seen with?

A

RA, DS and juvenile RA

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90
Q

Alar ligament test

A

Prom to the left or right upper c/s rotation
Left rotation spinous process moves right
No feeling of the spinous process moving then the contralateral side alar ligament is compromised

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91
Q

Cervical myelopathy when a patient is sitting may cause

A

Paresthesia and anterior thigh pain

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92
Q

Bassett’s lesion is?

A

Entrapment of the lateral ante-brachial cutaneous Nerve
Common with OH athletes

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93
Q

T4 syndrome is?

A

Bilateral stocking glove paresthesias and upper T/S pain
Pain behind the shoulder blade & pain in the neck
Nondermatomal pattern
Hypo-mobility of lower c/s and upper t/s

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94
Q

Paget - schmetter syndrome is?

A

DVT of the upper extremities
Seen in young active males with repetitive OH activities

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95
Q

What is the primary jaw depressor?

A

Lateral Ptreygoid

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96
Q

Rule of 3s

A

T1-3 = SP & TP same lvl
T4-6 = SP is 1/2 lv below TP
T7-9 = SP is 1 lvl below TP
T10-12 = SP is at the same lvl as the vertebra they are attached to

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97
Q

Acute cholecysitis referral pain

A

Pain of right upper quadrant/ infrascapular and pain post eating

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98
Q

Pancreatitis pain referral pattern

A

Epigastric pain and radiation of thoracolumbar pain

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99
Q

Pyelonephritis referral pain

A

Costovertebral &/or flank pain

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100
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis s/s

A

Morning pain and decreased AROM of T/s
< 45 y/o
Wakes up in the 2nd half of the night
Weather pain

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101
Q

Crohn’s disease gene and elevated blood value

A

HLA - B27 gene expression
Elevated c-reation protein

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102
Q

Pancoast tumor

A

Smoker
> 50 y/o
Arm paresthesias

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103
Q

Enthesitis characteristics

A

Inflammation at the sit of ligament or tendon attachment
Common with Synovitis, Psoritic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis

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104
Q

Thoracic disc herniations occur in?

A

30 - 50 y/o males and females

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105
Q

What is the periaqueductal gray

A

Supra-spinal structures that can be stimulated w/ manual for analgesia

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106
Q

Sympathetic nervous system is able to?

A

Can change skin conductance and temperature past joint mobilizations due to stimulation of the dorsal peri-aqueductal matter of the mid brain

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107
Q

Elevated first rib right or left mechanics

A

Suspect a cervical rotation to the right and lateral flexion to the left to assess left first rib
opposite for right rib

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108
Q

Lhermitte’s sign “Barber sign”

A

Indicated of cervical myelopathy
Cervical flexion occurs and electrical stimulation is felt down the back

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109
Q

Froment’s sign/test

A

Key grip with paper inbetween
Thumb should stay flat showing ADD pollicis is firing and the ulnar nerve is firing
(+) if thumb flexes to engage FPL

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110
Q

Hoffmans signs is?

A

Upper motor neuron sign when pressure is applied to the nail of the 3rd digit and is flicked

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111
Q

Kernig’s sign is?

A

Limitation of straightening the knee when hip is flexed to 90 degrees
Characteristic of meningitis

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112
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve innervates?

A

Levator scapula
Rhomboid minor and major

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113
Q

Paraspinals Lateral to medial

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
I love spaghetti

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114
Q

Brown sequard syndrome is?

A

Hemisection of the spinal cord
Loss of proprioception and motor function of the side of the lesion
Inability to sense pain or temperature on the contralateral side

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115
Q

12 ribs and the truth and false

A

7 true ribs
5 false ribs

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116
Q

Kehr’s sign

A

Ruptured spleen where there is acute left shoulder pain at the tip

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117
Q

Inferior Vena Cava enters?

A

Diaphragm at T8

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118
Q

Esophagus enters the diaphragm at?

A

T10

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119
Q

ta enters the diaphragm at?

A

T12

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120
Q

What happens if the inferior vena cava gets compressed?

A

Hypotension
Occurs in later pregnancy

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121
Q

What happens past 120 degrees of shoulder elevation?

A

Lower trap and serratus anterior facilitate further mvmt

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122
Q

Prone double straight leg raise test purpose

A

Best test for LBP
Best SN and SP

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123
Q

Marathon runners commonly develop?

A

A-fib

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124
Q

What will you see with a long thoracic nerve injury?

A

Increased distance from T4 to the medial border of the scapula on the same side as the injury

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125
Q

T4 dermatome is?

126
Q

10 dermatome is?

127
Q

Adson’s test

A

Identify scalene tightness for TOS
Turn head to affected arm and therapist ER and extends arm w/ holding breath for 10 sec

128
Q

What are demi facets?

A

Concave surfaces located on the vertebral body and articulate with convex rib head

129
Q

What are costo - transverse facets?

A

located on the transverse process and also articulates with rib

130
Q

Neck endurance test norms

A

Female = 29.4 +/- 13.7
Male = 38.9 +/- 20.1 seconds

131
Q

NDI mechanical neck pain changes is?

A

8.4 MDC
Lower overall score the better

132
Q

CPG for acute whiplash recovery

A

2-3 months

133
Q

CPG for neck pain w/ mvmt coordination impairment will have:

A

(+) cranial cervical flexion test
(+) neck flexor muscle endurance test
Point tenderness w/ TrPs
Neck pain during midrange and worsening pain at end range

134
Q

Canadian c-spine rules
Dangerous mechanism

A

Fall > 1 meter/3ft/5 steps,
Bicycle collision
MVA > 60 mph
Axial load to the head such as diving

135
Q

Patient - specific functional scale rating

A

3-5 specific activities that are difficult due to neck pain and symptoms
0-10 scale w/ 0 being inability & 10 being ability

136
Q

Cervical myelopathy s/s

A

Higher reflex grade
(+) babinski test
(+) hoffman’s test
- atrophy of intrinsic hand ms, gait, balance disturbances
(+) inverted supinator sign

137
Q

CPG for cervical radiculopathy

A

(+) Suprlings
(+) Distraction
(+) ULTT A
C/s rotation of less than 60 degrees on involved side

138
Q

Best thing to rule out cervical radiculopathy

139
Q

Sharp purser test purpose

A

Transverse ligament test of C1-2
(+) if cranium moves but no C2 mvmt or reproducible symptoms

140
Q

Sharp purser test SP and SN

A

SP = .96
SN = .69

141
Q

Success short term for cervical radiculopathy

A

< 54 y/o
Dominant hand not affected
Symptoms dont get worse with flexion
Multimodal Tx applied for 50% of the time

142
Q

Best way to diagnosis cervical radiculopathy

A

MRI w/o contrast

143
Q

CPG of acute neck pain w/ radiating symptoms Tx

A

Short term collar
Laser
mobilization and stabilization exercises

144
Q

Chronic neck pain w/ radiating pain Tx

A

Cervical traction
Thoracic manipulation
Neck flexibility w/ strengthening

145
Q

Good outcomes for traumatic neck pain

A

Cold hyperalgesia
6-12 weeks after the injury

146
Q

How to see alar and transverse ligament issues

147
Q

How to rule in Cervicogenic HA and neck pain

A

cervical flexion rotation test
High SP and good +LR

148
Q

Another name for cranial cervical flexion test

A

Deep neck endurance test

149
Q

Is there a CPG for VBI risk?

150
Q

A C5 nerve root lesion will cause

A

Proximal ms weakness on the shoulder and sensory issues of the shoulder

151
Q

C7 involvement will present?

A

Weakness towards wrist flexion and elbow extension
Sensory disturbances on 3rd finger
Impaired tricep reflex

152
Q

C8 Involvement will present?

A

Weakness of finger ms/ intrinsic ms of the hand/ FPL/ FDP
4th and 5th finger sensory issues

153
Q

What is wartenburg syndrome?

A

Mononeuropathy involving entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve

154
Q

What is a hangman’s Fx?

A

Fx on C2 body or dens which extends through the pars interarticularis bilaterally

155
Q

If a burst compression Fx occurs in the c/s what is the best vertebra

A

C7
Lightest risk for kyphotic deformity development

156
Q

C1 or 2 Fx Tx

A

Hard cervical collar

157
Q

RA or chronic RA can cause what in the c/s?

A

Cervical instability
Fatigue in neck
Fever
and other symptomatic symptoms

158
Q

If the Atlas rotates on the axis will anything else happen?

A

There will be some extension side bending and flexion at times

159
Q

What motion is not allowed in the atlanto - occipital joint?

A

Rotation and lateral flexion due to the occipital condyles resting on the atlantal sockets

160
Q

What ligaments stabilize the atlanto-axial joint?

A

Transverse
Alar
Apical

161
Q

What else occurs when C2-3 side flexion?

A

lower cervical segments rotate to the same side

162
Q

CPR for cervical manipulation

A

(+) outlook that manipulation will help
< 38 days since onset of symptoms
Side to side difference of 10 degrees or with cervical rotation
Pain w/ PA spring test on mid cervical spine segments

163
Q

C7 lesion will affect exercises how?

A

Inability to perform:
Push ups
Wringing clothes
Tricep reflex
Middle finger sensory issues

164
Q

Vertebral artery dissection can manifest pain how?

A

unilateral pain on posterior cervical area w/ occipital HA

165
Q

Occipital HAs could be?

A

Non ischemic vertebral artery dissection

166
Q

Ischemic vertebral artery dissection s/s include:

A

Dysarthria
Malaise
Facial numbness
Papillary changes
Lack of facial sweating
Hearing issues
clumsiness
Agitation

167
Q

Runners with Plantar fascia have what type of foot posture?

A

Hind foot varus

168
Q

Increased Talar tilt results in?

A

Future ankle sprains

169
Q

What is listed to diagnosis of OA?

A

Full or partial thickness cartilage loss
bone attrition
Meniscal tear

170
Q

Knee OA short term relief?

171
Q

Purpose of a valgus brace for knees

A

Decrease instability
Decrease risk of falling

172
Q

A good sign of psoriatic arthritis

A

Pitting and thickening of fingernails

173
Q

Meniscus layers

A

White white zone = inner layer
Red white zone = middle layer
Red red zone = outer layer

174
Q

McMurray test and the rotation purpose

A

IR = lateral meniscus
ER = medial meniscus

175
Q

Best scale for meniscal injury

A

Tegner activity scale

176
Q

Best scale for ligament surgeries

A

Lysholm knee scale

177
Q

Most common points for cervical radiculopathy

178
Q

Patient education is recommended for what neck individuals

A

Neck pain w/ movement coordination and impairment
Neck pain w/ radiating pain per neck pain

179
Q

Define H-reflex

A

Somatosensory evoked potential that represents latency of a ms stretch reflex

180
Q

Upper cervical instability has what?

A

The inability to return to their neutral neck position and raises concerns for atlantoaxial rotary instability or subluxation

181
Q

Carotid artery supplies and is stressed when?

A

Supplies 89% of the blood flow for anterior cranial circulation
Stressed w/ mid cervical extension

182
Q

WAD recovery

A

Coping
Expectations
Anxiety
Depression impair prognosis

183
Q

Purpose of a cervical flexion - rotation test

A

Ruling in or out of C1-2 dysfunction
average of 17 degrees decreased in that ROM

184
Q

Lateral x-ray graph is used for what cervical Fx

A

Flexion tear drop Fx
Hangman’s Fx

185
Q

Flexion tear drop Fx

A

Severe flexion and compression C4-6

186
Q

Hangman’s Fx

A

Pars interarticularis Fx of C2

187
Q

Occiput Fx should be viewed in?

A

AP or lateral view X-ray

188
Q

Jefferson Fx should be viewed in?

A

Open mouth view

189
Q

What is a Jefferson Fx

A

C1 burst Fx and unstable

190
Q

Diagnosis of OA is contributed to?

A

Full or partial thickness cartilage loss
Bone attrition
Meniscal tear

191
Q

Best short term pain relief for knee OA

192
Q

A valgus brace should be used for Knees when?

A

Instability and risk of falling

193
Q

Good sign of psoriatic arthritis

A

Pitting and thickening of the fingernails

194
Q

Meniscus layers

A

White white - inner layer
Red white - middle layer
Red red - Outer layer

195
Q

Sides that the McMurray test assesses

A

Lateral meniscus = IR
Medial meniscus = ER

196
Q

Good test for meniscal injury

A

Tegner activity scale

197
Q

Good scale for ligament surgeries

A

Lysholm knee scale
Higher the score the better

198
Q

Best predictor of cancer

A

> 50 years old
PMH of cancer

199
Q

Most common cervical radiculopathy points

200
Q

Patient specific Functional Scale

A

3-5 activities
0-10 scale w/ 10 being the ability to perform easy
3 point MDC for single activity
2 point MDC for average

201
Q

Neck pain w/ movement coordination impairment and neck pain w/ radiating pain per neck pain would benefit from?

A

Education of the symptoms

202
Q

What is an H reflex?

A

Somatosensory evoked potential that represents latency of a ms stretch reflex

203
Q

Upper cervical instability will have?

A

Inability to return to their neutral neck position
Potential for atlantoaxial rotary instability or subluxation

204
Q

Carotid artery facts

A

Supplies 89% of the blood flow for anterior cranial circulation
Stressed w/ mid cervical extension

205
Q

Wad recovery

A

Coping, expectations, anxiety and depression impair prognosis

206
Q

Cervical radiculopathy will have the best short term outcomes in those with?

A

Non-dominant arm affected
looking down worsens symptoms
< 54 y/o
Multimodal Tx for 50% of the visits

207
Q

Cervical flexion rotation test SP/SN

A

SP = 94%
SN = 100%
For cervicogenic Headaches

208
Q

Lateral graph (x-ray) used for?

A

Flexion tear drop Fx
Hangman’s Fx

209
Q

Flexion tear drop Fx

A

Severe flexion and compression at C4-6

210
Q

Hangman’s Fx

A

Pars interacrticularis of C2

211
Q

Best view to see an occiput Fx

A

AP or lateral View

212
Q

Best view to see a Jefferson Fx

A

Open mouth for it is a C1 burst Fx and is unstable

213
Q

Hangman’s Fx Tx

A

Type 1 is soft collar and therapy while Type 2A and 3 are surgery

214
Q

What vitamin has been shown to limit development of hip OA?

215
Q

What is Grade 3 OA (All Kellgren Lawerence scale)

A

Narrowing of the joint space and moderate osteophytes in the joint

216
Q

What is Grade 4 OA (All Kellgren Lawerence scale)

A

Large osteophytes
Severe joint space narrowing
Deforming of bone contour
Subchondral sclerosis

217
Q

Commonly seen Inflammatory diseases

A

IBS and RA

218
Q

Impingement classification Stage 1

A

< 25 y/o
Minimal change on imaging

219
Q

Impingement classification Stage 2

A

25-40 y/o
Symptoms of tendinitis and fibrosus

220
Q

Impingement classification Stage 3

A

> 40 y/o
Bone spurs
Tendon degeneration of supraspinatus

221
Q

Ankylosing Spondylitis cluster

A

Morning stiffness for 30 mins each day
Alternating butt pain
Impairment of LBP w/ exercise
Night pain during the 2nd half of the night

222
Q

Referred pain from an abdominal aortic aneurysm

A

Rapid severe onset of groin pain and LBP

223
Q

Depression screen 2 questions

A

96% SN
Over the past 2 wks, Have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things?
Over the past 2 wks, have you felt down, depressed or hopeless?

224
Q

L4 nerve root innervation for dermatome is?

A

Knees and down to the toes medially

225
Q

Grower’s sign should lead you?

A

Lumbar instability

226
Q

Acute phase traction

A

Static traction for 5-10 mins

227
Q

acute phase of traction

A

60s on and 20s off
40-60% BS for 12 minutes

228
Q

Abductor Hallicus is innervated by?

A

Medial plantar nerve vis S2-3

229
Q

When to avoid lumbar manipulation?

A

When symptoms are below the knee

230
Q

L4 weakness for myotome is?

A

DFs and Quads

231
Q

L5 weakness results in?

A

DF and big toes extension
Sensory issues along anterior shin and big toe

232
Q

Aspinall test is?

A

Transverse ligament weakness and (+) if lump in the throat is felt

233
Q

Upper cervical ligamentous instability s/s

A

Occipital HA
Numbness w/ significant neck AROM limitations

234
Q

CAD pain

A

Posterior neck pain in the temple and occipital region

235
Q

Purpose of the transverse ligament

A

Hold the dens in a approximation to the atlas
Maintain stability of C1-2 w/ prevention of displacement anteriorly

236
Q

Alar ligament purpose

A

Contralateral upper portion and ipsilateral lower portion limit sid flexion of the upper cervical while preventing distraction of the atlas on the axis

237
Q

Tectorial membrane purpose

A

Limit excessive cervical flexion
Continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament

238
Q

Atlantoaxial membrane and tectorial membrane

A

Limit lateral displacement of the atlas on axis

239
Q

CTS wrist ratio if higher than .69

A

Predisposing factor

240
Q

Phalen’s and Tinel’s sign SN and SP

A

Higher SN and SP for tensynovitis than CTS

241
Q

Nerve conduction velocity test is gold standard for?

242
Q

Damage to the transverse carpal ligament will cause?

A

S/s like CTS

243
Q

Is the anterior interosseous branch sensory motor?

A

Motor only

244
Q

Radial nerve sensory region

A

Palmar side of the thumb lateral aspect
Doral surface of the 2nd and 3rd digit

245
Q

Posterolateral bundle of the ACL plays?

A

Bigger role in rotational stability

246
Q

Posterior medial bundle of the ACL plays?

A

Bigger role in preventing anterior translation of the tibia on the femur during knee flexion

247
Q

Arcuate ligament provides stability to?

A

Posterolateral knee capsule for static and not dynamic

248
Q

Pacinian corpuscles are?

A

Mechanoreceptors and responsible for proprioceptive deficits

249
Q

Ruffini corpuscles are?

A

Mechanoreceptors for proprioceptive deficits

250
Q

Anteroinstability in the knee will cause?

A

ACL and MCL + medial meniscus injury

251
Q

Popliteofibular ligament is?

A

Major limitator of ER of the tibia

252
Q

Multiligament injuries of the knee should be?

A

Braces for 4 wks after surgery

253
Q

Full thickness tears (RTC) tests and SP

A

External rotation lag sign = 94%
Internal rotation lag sign = 84%
Drop arm = 77%

254
Q

Intrinsic causes of adhesive capsulitis

A

Bicep tendinitis
Calcific tendinitis
AC arthritis

255
Q

Extrinsic causes of adhesive capsulitis

A

Cariopulmonary disease
Cardiovascular disease

256
Q

Systemic cause for adhesive capsulitis

A

Hypoadrenalism

257
Q

Moderate and high irritability adhesive capsulitis should not be?

A

Educated on return to recreational hobbies

258
Q

Is there any evidence of thermotherapy helping with adhesive capsulitis?

259
Q

osteophytes seen on a radiograph suggest?

A

Knee pain in a patient

260
Q

Pec major muscle is innervated by and origin where?

A

Lateral pec nerve
Origin on the anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle

261
Q

Pec minor insertion?

A

Medial border of the coracoid process

262
Q

Scapular protraction is not affected by?

263
Q

C3 involves?

A

Shoulder elevation
Cervical side flexion
Cervical rotation

264
Q

NDI MCID radiculopathy and mechanical

A

Radiculopathy is 7.5
Mechanical is 9.5

265
Q

6 predictors to cervical manipulation having a good response

A

NDI < 11/50
Bilateral involvement
not performing > 5hr/day of sedentary work
Feeling better while moving the neck
W/o feeling worse while extending the neck
Diagnosis of spondylosis w/o radiculopathy

266
Q

Chronic neck pain and research has shown us?

A

Endurance or strengthening training will have the same result at 1 y/o

267
Q

Chronic WAD has shown?

A

Larger cross-sectional area of the cervical paraspinals

268
Q

Neck pain w/ radiating pain should be treated with?

A

Nerve mobilization
Traction
Thoracic manual therapy

269
Q

Carpal movement with ulnar deviation

A

Extension of the proximal row
Flexion of distal row

270
Q

Carpal movement with radial deviation

A

Flexion of the proximal row
Extension of the distal row

271
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis use

A

Grip and grasp activites unless forearm is supinated

272
Q

Median nerve innervates

A

Sensory of the thumb
index
3rd and 4th on the dorsum of the hand

273
Q

Best test for anterior interosseous nerve?

A

Pinch grip

274
Q

Infraspinatus ms referral pain

A

Lateral and posterior should

275
Q

ULTT2B

A

Radial nerve bias

276
Q

Froment’s sign testing for

A

Ulnar nerve for the ADD pollicis

277
Q

Plantar fascia or heel pain will benefit from?

A

Rocker bottom shoe w/ orthotic for symptom relief

278
Q

Rearfoot distraction manipulation will assist with?

A

Generalized ankle mobility issues

279
Q

Benefit of a proximal tibiofibular manipulation

A

DF in the ankle

280
Q

SLE is seen in

A

women 20-30
Men 45-60
Can damage blood vessels and organs

281
Q

Windlass test SP and SN

A

100% Sp weight bearing
32% Sn non weight bearing

282
Q

Purpose of a Windlass test

A

Testing the plantar fascia

283
Q

2-4 months short term symptoms of plantar fascia pain will be resolved with?

A

Stretching to gastroc/soleus and plantar fascia

284
Q

False statement of lateral epicondyalgia

A

Is that there are few cases truely on lateral epicondylalgia

285
Q

Capsular pattern of TMJ

A

C Curve or S curve
Due to pain and limited mandibular depression

286
Q

GHJ instability is?

A

Secondary impingement syndrome

287
Q

Tension type HA will last?

A

30 min - 7 days

288
Q

Cluster HA will last?

A

15min - 2 hours

289
Q

Migraines will last

A

4 hours - 72 hours

290
Q

HA and types

A

Migraine HA may shift sides
Tension type will stay bilaterally and tightness of the temporal area and front of the head

291
Q

Ventral horn of the spinal cord contains?

A

Motor neurons

292
Q

Cervical extension has how may degrees?

293
Q

C6 DTR are

A

Biceps and brachioradialis

294
Q

T4 syndrome is?

A

Autonomic dysfunction and would explain cold hands and heavy dull achy hands bilaterally
(+) ULTT
(+) limited T/s joint mobility
Pain free ROM of cervical thoracic and lumbar

295
Q

Best view for hill Sachs lesion?

A

Stryker notch view

296
Q

Ulnar nerve lesion sensory loss

A

Medial 4th and entire 5th digit

297
Q

C8 radiculopathy sensory loss

A

Entire 4th and 5th digit

298
Q

C8 radiculopathy motor loss

A

ADD pollicis
Palmaris brevis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorium superficialis
Palmaris longus

299
Q

Cervicogenic Headache symptoms

A

Unilateral headaches with intermittent nature
weakness of the DNF
Hypomobility of the upper cervical spine

300
Q

Cluster headache symptoms

A

Sharp
stabbing
sudden
Occur at night and are associated with autonomic nervous system like watering eyes

301
Q

Cervical flexion rotation test cut off (+)

A

< 32 degrees of rotation or a 10 degree reduction from other side

302
Q

Subacromial pain syndrome s/s to rule in diagnosis

A

Impingement signs
Painful arc
pain with resisted external rotation
positive long head of the biceps

303
Q

Substantial rotator cuff tendon tear

A

Age > 60
Lag signs
Weakness
Atrophy

304
Q

Glenohumeral joint instability

A

Age < 40 w/ atraumatic onset
History of dislocation or subluxation
Apprehension test
Relocation test
Generalized or systemic laxity >5/9 beighton
SLAP lesion test

305
Q

Primary adhesive capsulitis

A

Spontaneous progressive pain
loss of motion in 2 or more place and external rotation most limited

305
Q

What are the 3 examination findings to rule in SAPS?

A

Hawkins kennedy sign
Painful arc
Pain and weakness with resisted shoulder ER

305
Q

Best findings to rule in rotator cuff tear

A

> 65 years old
Pain at night
Weakness in ER

306
Q

Anterior apprehension SN/SP

A

SN = 50
SP = 56

307
Q

Relocation SN/SP

A

SN = 81
SP = 92

Lower quarter (4 decks)

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