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CT Flashcards

1
Q

In historical data regarding tomography, the most promising method to separate confusing shadows so that specific anatomic detail could be seen without interference from overlying structures is embodied in:
a. Principle of Cross-Section Radiography
b. Principle of Body-Spiral Radiography
c. Principle of Body-Section Radiography
d. Principle of Cross-Spiral Radiography

A

C

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2
Q

He is Italian radiologist who invented tomography using radiographic film to see a single slice of the body. a. Alessandro Vallebona
b. Mathias Prokop
c. Godfrey Hounsfield
d. Alan Cormack

A

A

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3
Q

This is the earliest method of tomography which recorded the image on X-ray film.
a. Spiral Tomography
b. Conventional Tomography
c. Computerized Tomography
d. Traditional Tomography

A

B

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4
Q

The transition years in the periods of tomographic refinement and its clinical applications took over in: a. 1914 – 1940
b. 1940 – 1950
c. 1950 – 1960
d. 1960 – 1980
e. 19180 – 1995

A

C

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5
Q

These are all true about the historical development of CT: (Select all that apply)
a. In 1967, Sir Godfrey Hounsfield invented the first CT scanner.
b. The 1st CT scanner has been established at EMI Central Research Laboratories using X-ray technology. c. The first patient brain CT was performed in Wimbledon, England but it was publicized.
d. The original 1967 prototype took 160 parallel readings through 180 angles, each 1° apart, with each scan taking a little over 5 minutes.
e. The images from the first CT scans took 2.5 hours to be processed by algebraic reconstruction techniques on a large computer.

A

A,B,E

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6
Q

He is known to describe theoretically the first true tomographic system in 1917 while serving in a radiological unit in World War I, the idea for sectional radiography.
a. Carlo Baese
b. André-Edmund-Marie Bocage
c. Alessandro Vallebona
d. George Massiot

A

B

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7
Q

He is known for building the first stratigraphic apparatus in 1930, the first device to yield a tomographic image. a. Carlo Baese
b. André-Edmund-Marie Bocage
c. Alessandro Vallebona
d. George Massiot

A

C

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8
Q

All of these describe the Tomograph built by Grossman, except:
a. The tube and film were mounted on opposite ends of a pendulum and swung through arcs during the X-ray exposure.
b. The direction of movement to vertical bar was regulated by a cord attached at one end to a revolving peg and at the other end to a fixed peg.
c. The film remained in horizontal orientation making it parallel to the section plane.
d. The time-sequence photography illustrating “arc-arc” unidirectional tube-film movement of this system

A

A,C,D

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9
Q

This is the first and only American tomographic device with pluridirectional blurring capabilities.

a. Polytome
b. Tomograph
c. Kele-Kieffer Laminagraph d. X-ray Focusing Machine

A

D

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10
Q

This marked the years from the relatively crude apparatus of the early inventors to the sophisticated pluridirectional devices marking the modern era of conventional tomography.
a. Early Pioneers
b. Decade of Diverted Interests
c. Transitional Years
d. Period of Maturity
e. Period of Decline

A

C

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11
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of geometric design of a third generation CT? a. 360˚ rotate-rotate motion
b. thousands of image projections are acquired during each rotation
c. a fan beam X-ray source is used
d. several hundred radiation detector
e. has curvilinear detector

A

B

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12
Q

In what generation did the first waterless full-body CT scanner was developed?
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. This is not mentioned in this lesson.

A

B

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13
Q

In this generation, there was one X-ray source and one X-ray detector.
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. This is not mentioned in this lesson.

A

A

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14
Q

As a student, you understand that image in this item represent what generation?
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. This is not mentioned in this lesson.

A

B

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15
Q

This is referred to as the linear transverse scanning motion of the tube and the
detector across the subject.
a. Transmission
b. Transverse
c. Translation
d. Transition

A

C

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16
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of geometric design of a fourth generation CT? a. several thousand individual detectors
b. rotate stationary
c. several linear detector arrays
d. as the fan beam passes across each detector, and image projection is acquired
e. imaging time is 1 second or less

A

C

17
Q

In what generation did the scanning x-ray tube design as where the electrons are steered magnetically rather than physically moving the x-ray tube?

a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. Seventh

A

B

18
Q

In this generation, sliding contractors permit continuous rotation of the x-ray tube and detectors while maintaining electrical contract with stationary components.

a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. Seventh

A

C

19
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding seventh generation of CT?
a. Software applications enable the clinical use of spiral CT even for regions which are subject to involuntary movements.
b. This is known to be as the Multiple Detector Array.
c. Collimator spacing is wider.
d. Slice thickness is determined by the detector size.

A

A

20
Q

This is defined as the table movement per rotation divided by the slice thickness.
a. Helical Pitch
b. Collimator Pitch
c. Detector Pitch
d. High Pitch

A

A

21
Q

All of the following are considered criteria of CT scan image quality, except:

a. special resolution
b. low-contrast resolution
c. spatial resolution
d. temporal resolution

A

A

22
Q

Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays using a Crookes tube. He wanted to visually capture the action of the electrons, so he wrapped his Crookes tube in black photographic paper. This happened in the year:
a. 1893
b. 1895
c. 1985
d. 1983

A

B

23
Q

The CT uses two x-ray sources and two detector arrays offset at 90˚, dual focus. The heat unit capacity is: a. 0.3 – 0.6 MHU
b. 0.1 – 0.3 MHU
c. 1 – 2 MHU
d. 0 MHU

A

C

24
Q

Which of the following technical advances in the component design have not been made to deal with the problem of heat generation, heat storage and heat dissipation?
a. tube diameter
b. anode assembly including anode rotation
c. anode target angle is 7˚ – 10˚
d. bigger cathode size is used

A

A

25
Q

Concave metal cathodes are used to focus the electrons on a small area of the metal target and increase the sharpness of the resulting shadows on the luminescent screen or the photographic film. Many designs of gas tubes have been built for useful application, particularly in the medical field.
a. The first statement is true.
b. The second statement is true.
c. Both of these are true.
d. Neither of these is true.

A

B

26
Q

This is known to as the source collimator:
a. Predetermined collimation
b. Prepatient collimation
c. Postoperative collimation
d. Predetector collimation

A

B

27
Q

It reduces the radiation dose to the patient removing the soft x-rays.
a. Collimation
b. Cooling Mechanism
c. Filtration
d. Generation

A

C

28
Q

The generators used in CT scans are expected to produce how many kV in order to tra
a. 100 kV
b. 130 kV
c. 150 kV
d. 90 kV

A

B

29
Q

Which of the following is questionable about the gantry?
a. This can be tilted neither forward nor backward as needed to accommodate a variety of patients and examination protocols.
b. This is the ring-shaped part of the CT scanner.
c. The aperture size can be 75 cm.
d. This can be controlled via operator’s console.

A

A

30
Q

Slip rings permit the gantry frame to rotate continuously, making _____________ scan modes possible & eliminating the need to straighten twisted system cables.
a. spiral
b. circular
c. diagonal
d. helical

A

D

31
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of CT detectors?
a. It is attenuated to some degree as the x-ray beam passes through the patient.
b. This can convert the x-ray energy directly into photographic signal.
c. This is associated with the ability to capture transmitted photons and change them to electronic signals. d. This is used to use to collect the information.

A

B

32
Q

This refers to the number of photons absorbed by the detector and is dependent on the physical properties of the detector face.
a. Capture Efficiency
b. Detector Response
c. Dynamic Range
d. Absorption Efficiency

A

D

33
Q

In detectors, what gas is used in ionization process?
a. Xenon
b. Asphalt
c. Helium
d. Oxygen

A

A

34
Q

All of the following is true with Solid-State Crystal Detector, except?
a. absorb nearly 100% of the photons that reach them
b. less expensive
c. no loss in the front window
d. may produce a brief afterglow
e. more sensitive to fluctuation in temperature and moisture than the gas variety

A

B

35
Q

This is a MR detector that contains equal dimensions of channels.
a. Adaptive Array Detector
b. Hybrid Array Detector
c. Matrix Array Detector
d. Dual Slice Detector

A

C

CT (1 decks)

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