CSS Basics, Part 2 Flashcards
1
Q
CSS syntax
A
- The selector points to the HTML element you want to style.
- The declaration block contains one or more declarations separated by semicolons.
- Each declaration includes a CSS property name and a value, separated by a colon.
- A CSS declaration always ends with a semicolon, and declaration blocks are surrounded by curly braces.
- In the following example all <p> elements will be center-aligned, with a red text color:</p>
2
Q
example
A
p {
color: red;
text-align: center;
}
3
Q
element selector
A
- the element selector selects elements based on the element name.
- You can select all <p> elements on a page like this (in this case, all </p><p> elements will be center-aligned, with a red text color):
- example:
p {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}</p>
4
Q
id selector
A
- The id selector uses the id attribute of an HTML element to select a specific element.
- The id of an element should be unique within a page, so the id selector is used to select one unique element!
- To select an element with a specific id, write a hash (#) character, followed by the id of the element.
- The style rule below will be applied to the HTML element with id=”para1”:
- example:
#para1 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
5
Q
class Selector
A
- The class selector selects elements with a specific class attribute.
- To select elements with a specific class, write a period (.) character, followed by the name of the class.
- In the example below, all HTML elements with class=”center” will be red and center-aligned:
- exampe:
.center {
text-align: center;
color: red;
} - You can also specify that only specific HTML elements should be affected by a class.
- In the example below, only <p> elements with class=”center” will be center-aligned:
- example:
p.center {
text-align: center;
color: red;
} - HTML elements can also refer to more than one class.
- In the example below, the </p><p> element will be styled according to class=”center” and to class=”large”:
- example:
</p><p class="center large">This paragraph refers to two classes.</p>
6
Q
grouping selectors
A
- If you have elements with the same style definitions, like this: h1 { text-align: center; color: red; }
h2 {
text-align: center;
color: red;
}
p { text-align: center; color: red; } - It will be better to group the selectors, to minimize the code. - To group selectors, separate each selector with a comma. - In the example below we have grouped the selectors from the code above: - Example: h1, h2, p { text-align: center; color: red; }
7
Q
CSS comments
A
- Comments are used to explain the code, and may help when you edit the source code at a later date.
- Comments are ignored by browsers.
- A CSS comment starts with /* and ends with */. Comments can also span multiple lines:
- Example:
p {
color: red;
/* This is a single-line comment */
text-align: center;
}
/* This is
a multi-line
comment */
8
Q
In the following declaration block, which elements are considered properties?
{font-family: Avenir, Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 20px;
padding: 8px;}
A
- font-family, font-size, padding