CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

A css selector, declaration block(with {}), property, value

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

With the period(or full stop) symbol before the selector

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?

Answer 3

With the element name

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

With the pound of hash symbol before the selector

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB values, hex codes, color names, rgba values

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

margin, border, padding, and content

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

Margin. Margins sit outside the edge of the border. Setting the width of a margin can create a gap between the borders of two adjacent boxes

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

Padding. Padding is the space between the border of a box and any content contained within it, increasing readability of its contents

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

A pseudo-class acts like an extra value for a class attribute. It’s added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s)

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

They let you apply a style to an element not only in relation to the content of the document tree, but also in relation to external factors, the status of its content, or the position of the mouse

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

pixels(px), percentages(%), and ems(em)

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family:

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row (default)

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap (default)

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

Because <div> elements are block-level elements and have display: block;

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

flex-direction: row; the x-axis

Question 17

What are the three primary components of a page layout? (Which helper classes do you need?)

Answer 17

container(holds everything), row(holds columns), and column

Question 18

What is the minimum number of columns that you should put in a row?

Answer 18

one

Question 19

What is the purpose of a container?

Answer 19

To “contain” the entire layout and give the whole layout a minimum width

Question 20

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 20

position: static;

Question 21

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 21

Relative positioning does not affect document flow

Question 22

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 22

Relative positioning moves an element in relation to where it would have been in normal flow

Question 23

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 23

It is taken out of normal flow and no longer affects the position of other element on the page

Question 24

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 24

It appears at the top of its containing element and its box offset properties specify where the element should appear in relation to its containing element

Question 25

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 25

Make the containing block element non-static( like relative) in order to position the absolutely positioned child element

Question 26

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 26

top, bottom, left, right

Question 27

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 27

Inheritance, origin and important, specificity, and source order

Question 28

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 28

The order that CSS rules are written in the stylesheet, top to bottom

Question 29

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 29

Inheritance

Question 30

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 30

type, class, id

Question 31

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 31

Because understanding and effectively using specificity and the cascade can remove any need for the !important flag

Question 32

What does the transform property do?

Answer 32

The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. It modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model

Question 33

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 33

matrix, translate, scale, rotate, skew, perspective

Question 34

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 34

transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, and transition-delay

Question 35

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 35

color, height, width, min-width, max-width

Question 36

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 36

The <meta></meta> tag. It can contain: width = device-width

Question 37

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 37

The points at which a media query is introduced where the content starts to break in some way

Question 38

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 38

Percentage widths scale in relation to the container whereas fixed widths are static

Question 39

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 39

CSS rules that appear later override previous rules if they have the same specificity, also known as source order