CSS

Question 1

body {
color: #090302;
font-family: sans-serif;
}

Answer 1

1. CSS rule set
2. body (selector) (CSS selector for the body element)
3. opening curly brace for declaration block (block of declarations)
4. color: #090302; (declaration)
5. color (property)
6. # 090302; (value)

Question 2

shorthand property

Answer 2

multiple values

Question 3

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 3

selector, declaration block, property, value

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 4

.

Question 5

In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?

Answer 5

element name

Question 6

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 6

#

Question 7

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 7

rgb, hsl, hcv, color keywords

Question 8

rgb (244,249,251)

Answer 8

css function rgb with arguments 244 249 251

Question 9

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 9

It consists of: height, width, margins, borders, padding, and the actual content.

Question 10

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 10

margin (puffy jacket, you’re same size)

Question 11

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 11

padding (weight you put on) (pee-pad)

Question 12

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 12

A CSS pseudo-class is a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s). For example, the pseudo-class :hover can be used to select a button when a user’s pointer hovers over the button and this selected button can then be styled.

Question 13

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 13

Pseudo-classes let you apply a style to an element not only in relation to the content of the document tree, but also in relation to external factors like the history of the navigator (:visited, for example), the status of its content (like :checked on certain form elements), or the position of the mouse (like :hover, which lets you know if the mouse is over an element or not).

Question 14

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 14

pixels, percentage, ems

preferred: rem

Question 15

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 15

font-family

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 16

row - horizontal

Question 17

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 17

default flex-wrap: nowrap

Question 18

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 18

block element

Question 19

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 19

row-horizontal

Question 20

What are the three primary components of a page layout? (Which helper classes do you need?)

Answer 20

container, column, row

Question 21

What is the minimum number of columns that you should put in a row?

Answer 21

at least 1

Question 22

What is the purpose of a container?

Answer 22

boundary for content

Question 23

container class

Answer 23

only max-width: (800px) and margin: 0 auto;

Question 24

.column-full

Answer 24

always flex-basis: 100%

Question 25

donkey and mario

Answer 25

calc(200% / 3)

Question 26

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 26

Normal flow (static)
Every block-level element
appears on a new line, causing
each item to appear lower down
the page than the previous one.

Question 27

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 27

Relative Positioning (out of body experience)
This moves an element from the
position it would be in normal
flow, shifting it to the top, right,
bottom, or left of where it
would have been placed. This
does not affect the position of
surrounding elements; they stay
in the position they would be in
in normal flow

Question 28

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 28

This moves an element from the
position it would be in normal
flow, shifting it to the top, right,
bottom, or left of where it
would have been placed.

Question 29

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 29

Absolute positioning
This positions the element
in relation to its containing
element. It is taken out of
normal flow, meaning that it
does not affect the position
of any surrounding elements
(as they simply ignore the
space it would have taken up).
Absolutely positioned elements
move as users scroll up and
down the page.

The heading is positioned to the
top right, and the paragraphs
start at the top of the screen (as
if the heading were not there).

Question 30

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 30

This positions the element
in relation to its containing
element. It is taken out of
normal flow, meaning that it
does not affect the position
of any surrounding elements
(as they simply ignore the
space it would have taken up).

(looks for a non static ancestor)
(use only to layer something on top of another element)

Question 31

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 31

Floating Elements
Floating an element allows
you to take that element out
of normal flow and position
it to the far left or right of a
containing box. The floated
element becomes a block-level
element around which other
content can flow

Question 32

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 32

offset
properties (top or bottom and
left or right)

Question 33

.pokemon > img {
}

Answer 33

img direct child of pokemon

Question 34

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 34

min-width & orientation

Question 35

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 35

<meta></meta>

Question 36

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 36

There are now far too many devices, with a huge variety of sizes, to make that feasible. This means that instead of targeting specific sizes for all designs, a better approach is to change the design at the size where the content starts to break in some way.

Question 37

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 37

scaling

Question 38

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 38

source order

Question 39

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 39

source order / inheritance /specificity / !important

Question 40

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 40

Source order is, simply put, the order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet. The styling provided for an element last(bottom) in your stylesheet is the styling that will ultimately take effect.

Question 41

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 41

Inheritance

Question 42

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 42

no value -> type -> class -> ID

Question 43

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 43

When conflicting declarations from the same origin and cascade layer with the !important flag are applied to the same element, the declaration with a greater specificity is applied.

Question 44

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 44

The transition CSS property is a shorthand property for transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, and transition-delay.

Question 45

What does the transform property do?

Answer 45

The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element.

Question 46

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 46

matrix, perspective, scale, skew (translate/rotate most common)