CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Rule set, selector, declaration/declaration block, property, value.

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

With a dot/period ( . )

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?

Answer 3

With the tag/element name.

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

With the #.

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

Hexidecimal, rgba, hsla.

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

Height, width, padding, border, margin.

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

Margin.

Question 8

Which CSS property adds space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

Padding.

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

A keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s).

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

Giving additional information, additional functionality, and applying styles.

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

Pixels, rem.

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

Font-family.

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

Default flex-direction is row.

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

Default flex-wrap is nowrap.

Question 15

What does justify content do?

Answer 15

This defines the alignment along the main axis. It helps distribute extra free space leftover when either all the flex items on a line are inflexible, or are flexible but have reached their maximum size. It also exerts some control over the alignment of items when they overflow the line.

Question 16

What does align-items do?

Answer 16

This defines the default behavior for how flex items are laid out along the cross axis on the current line. Think of it as the justify-content version for the cross-axis (perpendicular to the main-axis).

Question 17

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 17

They are block-level elements.

Question 18

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 18

Row.

Question 19

What are the three primary components of a page layout? (Which helper classes do you need?)

Answer 19

Container class/element, row class/element, column class/element.

Question 20

What is the minimum number of columns that you should put in a row?

Answer 20

One.

Question 21

What is the purpose of a container?

Answer 21

To hold the row class/element, and the column class/element. (Also to provide additional styling/functionality).

Question 22

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 22

Default position property is Static.

Question 23

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 23

Relative position moves an element in relation to where it would have been in normal flow. (Document flow is unaffected).

Question 24

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 24

Position: relative will have no affect until a box offset property is set. It will then move relative to where it would have been in normal flow.

Question 25

How doe setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 25

The box (element) is taken out of normal flow and no longer affects the position of other elements on the page. (They act like it is not there.)

Question 26

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 26

The element is taken out of normal flow, then the box offset properties can specify where the element should appear in relation to its containing element.
(Taken out of normal flow “above” other elements,
in relation to closest non-static ancestor.)

Question 27

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 27

Top, bottom, left, right.

Question 28

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 28

Assign anything expect position static to the containing block.

Question 29

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 29

• Inheritance.
• Specificity.
  -Source-order.
• !important (rule).

Question 30

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 30

• The priority/strength is given to rules lower down the style sheet.

Question 31

How is it possible for they styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 31

• Font and text are inherited properites.

Question 32

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 32

• Element.
• Class.
• ID.

Question 33

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 33

• Has extremely high specificity so it is very hard to override.

Bonus: (Two main reasons why it exists):
- Working inside a premade template that has a style that needs to be over ridden. (Like wordpress).
- If you are making a CSS library.