CSS Flashcards
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
Selectors, declaration block, declarations, properties, and values.
(All pieces make a Ruleset)
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
Elements are targeted by their class attribute by [.attributevalue] before the declaration block.
In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?
Elements are targeted by their tag name by [tagname] before the declaration block.
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
Elements are targeted by their class attribute by [#attributevalue] before the declaration block.
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
RGB values, Hex codes, and color names.
(i.e., rgb(102, 205, 170), #66CDAA, MediumAquaMarine)
What CSS properties make up the box model?
Border, margin, and padding, and content (width and height).
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
The margin property pushes boxes away from each other.
Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?
The padding property adds space between a box’s content and its border.
What is a pseudo-class?
A pseudo-class specifies a special state for the selected element(s).
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
Pseudo-classes apply styles to an element in relation to external factors.
(i.e., navigation history and mouse hover)
Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.
Pixels and Rems. (Also percentages and Ems)
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
The font-family CSS property.
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
The default flex-direction of a flex container is row (left to right).
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
The default flex-wrap of a flex container is nowrap (all flex items will be on one line).
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
Div elements are considered block-level elements which take up the full width of its container element.
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
The default flex-direction of a flex container is row (left to right).
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
The default position property value is ‘static’ which puts an element into its normal position in the document flow.
(position: static;)
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
‘position: relative’ allows an element to be moved in relation to where it would have been in the normal document flow.
*not affect
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
The element’s position will not change unless offset values are applied to it.
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
‘position: absolute’ removes an element from the normal document flow and no longer affects the position of other elements.
*removes element from document flow
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
The element’s position will be relative to its closest positioned ancestor.
*near non-static ancestor
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
An absolutely positioned element can be constrained to a containing block if the containing block is statically positioned.
*containing element should not be static - give boundary to absolutely position descendant
What are the four box offset properties?
top, bottom, left, and right.
What are the four components of “the Cascade”.
Source Order, Inheritance, Specificity, and !important.
What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?
The order that CSS rulesets are written in a stylesheet.
How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?
Specific CSS properties applied to a child element are inherited from its parent element by default.
List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.
Type -> Class -> ID
Why is using !important considered bad practice?
Using !important disrupts the cascade order of stylesheets.
What does the transform property do?
Allows an element to rotate, scale, skew, or translate.
Give four examples of CSS transform functions.
rotate(), scale(), skew(), and translate().
The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?
transition-property, transition-duration,
transition-timing-function, and transition-delay.
Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.
Features: width and height.
(Types: all, print, and screen.)
Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?
The Viewport meta tag.
What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?
It is the point where the website’s content will respond a certain way depending on the screen size.
What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?
Using percentages allows elements to scale and adapt to multiple screen sizes versus being a fixed size.
If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?
This is due to source order (of cascade) where if there is more than one of the same ruleset, the last one will be applied.
