CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Selectors, declaration block, declarations, properties, and values.

(All pieces make a Ruleset)

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

Elements are targeted by their class attribute by [.attributevalue] before the declaration block.

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their tag name?

Answer 3

Elements are targeted by their tag name by [tagname] before the declaration block.

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

Elements are targeted by their class attribute by [#attributevalue] before the declaration block.

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB values, Hex codes, and color names.

(i.e., rgb(102, 205, 170), #66CDAA, MediumAquaMarine)

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

Border, margin, and padding, and content (width and height).

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

The margin property pushes boxes away from each other.

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

The padding property adds space between a box’s content and its border.

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

A pseudo-class specifies a special state for the selected element(s).

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

Pseudo-classes apply styles to an element in relation to external factors.

(i.e., navigation history and mouse hover)

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

Pixels and Rems. (Also percentages and Ems)

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

The font-family CSS property.

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

The default flex-direction of a flex container is row (left to right).

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

The default flex-wrap of a flex container is nowrap (all flex items will be on one line).

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

Div elements are considered block-level elements which take up the full width of its container element.

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

The default flex-direction of a flex container is row (left to right).

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

The default position property value is ‘static’ which puts an element into its normal position in the document flow.

(position: static;)

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

‘position: relative’ allows an element to be moved in relation to where it would have been in the normal document flow.

*not affect

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

The element’s position will not change unless offset values are applied to it.

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

‘position: absolute’ removes an element from the normal document flow and no longer affects the position of other elements.

*removes element from document flow

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

The element’s position will be relative to its closest positioned ancestor.

*near non-static ancestor

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

An absolutely positioned element can be constrained to a containing block if the containing block is statically positioned.

*containing element should not be static - give boundary to absolutely position descendant

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top, bottom, left, and right.

Question 24

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 24

Source Order, Inheritance, Specificity, and !important.

Question 25

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

The order that CSS rulesets are written in a stylesheet.

Question 26

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

Specific CSS properties applied to a child element are inherited from its parent element by default.

Question 27

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

Type -> Class -> ID

Question 28

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

Using !important disrupts the cascade order of stylesheets.

Question 29

What does the transform property do?

Answer 29

Allows an element to rotate, scale, skew, or translate.

Question 30

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 30

rotate(), scale(), skew(), and translate().

Question 31

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 31

transition-property, transition-duration,
transition-timing-function, and transition-delay.

Question 32

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 32

Features: width and height.
(Types: all, print, and screen.)

Question 33

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 33

The Viewport meta tag.

Question 34

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 34

It is the point where the website’s content will respond a certain way depending on the screen size.

Question 35

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 35

Using percentages allows elements to scale and adapt to multiple screen sizes versus being a fixed size.

Question 36

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 36

This is due to source order (of cascade) where if there is more than one of the same ruleset, the last one will be applied.