CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

selector {
property: value; /* declaration */
}

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

.class

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

type {

}

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

id

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

keyword, rgb, hex code

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

margin, padding, and border

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

classes applied when a user is interacting with an element; hover, active, and focus

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

temporarily styling elements depending on the user’s interactions with them

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

px, %, em (rem?)

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

divs are block by default, block elements take up as much horizontal space as possible

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

row

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

Can be positioned from its default position on the page with top/bottom/left/right properties, other elements maintain their position/flow

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

Does not change where it appears by default

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

Removes element from flow, positions it in relation to its nearest non-static parent element by default, can be positioned with top/bottom/left/right properties, other elements shift like it’s not there

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

Removes it from the document flow and positions it relative to its parent element

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

Container must be positioned (not static)

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top, bottom, left, right

Question 24

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 24

source order, inheritance, specificity, and !important

Question 25

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

the order rules are written in your stylesheet. The last styling for an element is applied.

Question 26

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

certain CSS properties are inherited by children elements (font-family, color), and ‘inherit’ can be used as the value for many properties that aren’t inherited by default

Question 27

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

• element type and pseudo-elements
• class, attribute, and pseudo-classes
• ID
• and combinators don’t affect specificity

Question 28

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

it makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading of the stylesheets

Question 29

What does the transform property do?

Answer 29

transforms elements (move it)

Question 30

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 30

rotate, scale, skew, translate

Question 31

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 31

attribute value (eg max-width: 800px) where screen will adjust depending on size of user’s screen

the point at which a media query is introduced

Question 32

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 32

more adaptable to different screen sizes, elements will resize as the screen does

Question 33

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 33

cascading, later rules in the stylesheet take priority

Question 34

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 34

min/max width, min/max height, orientation

Question 35

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 35

viewport