CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Selector, then curly braces which contain declaration (property and value)

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

dot followed by the class name, then curly braces for ruleset block

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

• just the name of the element itself

- e.g. body, h1, p, etc. followed by curly braces for ruleset block

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

symbol and then name of id, then curly braces for ruleset block

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS

Answer 5

rgb, hex code, color name

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

border, margin, padding

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

keyword added to selector that specifies a special state of the selected element
( e.g. :hover )
Class being applied to an element by the browser for a specific interaction

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

• useful for hovering over buttons, focusing on an element
• applying styling based on user actions or reducing number of classes applied to elements by using pseudo-classes for the html structure

Question 11

Name at least two units of type size in CSS

Answer 11

• Pixels, percentages, etc.

- example: px, %, rem

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

Font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap;

all items will be on one line

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

because a div element is a block

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

row

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

position: static;

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

no effect whatsoever/does not affect document flow at all. Surrounding elements sees it positioned normally

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

Moves it in relation to where it would originally be positioned at default

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

It is removed from the HTML document flow entirely

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

Take it out of document flow, doesn’t exist anymore

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

Using ‘position: relative’ on the containing block element

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

Top, right, bottom, left

Question 24

What are the four components of “the Cascade”?

Answer 24

Source order, inheritance, specificity, !important

Question 25

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

The order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet

*the last ruleset you applied will take into effect

Question 26

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 26

It’s possible with inheritance
CSS properties on a child HTML element can receive the value from a parent element, if no CSS for that property is directly declared on the child element
Inheritable properties. Not all properties are inheritable.
Default ones are like text properties

Question 27

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

Type, class, and ID selectors.

Question 28

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

Makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets
When two conflicting declarations with the !important rule are applied to the same element, the declaration with a greater specificity will be applied.
*too strong,

Question 29

What does the transform property do?

Answer 29

adjusting how the element appears on the coordinate plane

Question 30

Give 4 examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 30

Matrix, translate, scale, rotate, skew, scale translate

* translate, scale, rotate - most commonly used

Question 31

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 31

Transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, transition-delay

Question 32

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 32

• point where your styling/content would shift/break

- breakpoints are based on the width of the viewport

Question 33

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 33

• It wouldn’t be directly proportional to the physical size of the device’s screen
• percentage will change based on how wide the screen is

Question 34

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 34

because of the source order

Question 35

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule

Answer 35

• width, height
• min-width, max-width
• for mobile, probably gonna use max-width a lot

Question 36

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages

Answer 36

• the viewport meta tag

- meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1”