CSS Flashcards
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
selector, declaration block, declaration, property, value
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
Use a . followed by the desired class
In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?
Use the name of the desired type
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
Use a # followed by the desired id
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
keywords (e.g. white, lightblue), RGB values, and hex code
What CSS properties make up the box model?
border, margin, padding
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
margin
Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?
padding
What is a pseudo-class?
A keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s) (e.g. :hover allows css to alter an element when the cursor is hovering over the element)
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
They allow you to apply styles to objects based on external factors, such as user interaction (e.g. :hover) and navigation history (e.g. :visited); generally simplifies code
Name at least two units of type size in CSS.
px, %, rem
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
font-family
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
row
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
no-wrap
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
They are block elements
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
row
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
static
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
The document will continue to flow as usual
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
The element will appear offset relative to it’s position in normal flow
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
The document will ignore the element, flowing as if the element was not there
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
The element will appear offset relative to the first non-static parent element, and will be unaffected by the position of other elements
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
Change the containing block’s position property to anything besides static
What are the four box offset properties?
top, bottom, right, left
What are the four components of “the Cascade”.
source order, inheritance, specificity, !important
What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?
The order that a CSS styling appears on a stylesheet
How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?
The child element can inherit the the styles of the parent
List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.
type, class, id
Why is using !important considered bad practice?
It should be reserved only for the most specific cases since it overrides all other levels of specificity
What does the transform property do?
Applies a geometric transformation to an element
Give four examples of CSS transform functions.
translate, rotate, scale, skew, matrix
The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?
transition property, duration, delay, timing-function
Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.
width, height, orientation, aspect-ratio, resolution, hover
Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?
meta name=”viewport” content=”width=device-width, initial-scale=1”
What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?
A point in the viewport dimensions where the styling starts to “break”, looking disjointed or awkward; it is usually when you apply different styling to your page
What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?
The styling is more responsive to various viewport sizes
If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?
source-order; since it comes later in the style sheet, it will overrule the min-width style that came earlier because they have the same specificity
