CSO-002 Flashcards
An analyst is performing penetration testing and vulnerability assessment activities against a new vehicle automation platform.
Which of the following is MOST likely an attack vector that is being utilized as a part of the testing and assessment?
A. FaaS B. RTOS C. SoC D. GPS E. CAN bus
B. RTOS
keyword is vehicle automation platform. So the OS not the car itself
An information security analyst observes anomalous behavior on the SCADA devices in a power plant. This behavior results in the industrial generators overheating and destabilizing the power supply.
Which of the following would BEST identify potential indicators of compromise?
A. Use Burp Suite to capture packets to the SCADA device’s IP.
B. Use tcpdump to capture packets from the SCADA device IP.
C. Use Wireshark to capture packets between SCADA devices and the management system.
D. Use Nmap to capture packets from the management system to the SCADA devices.
C. Use Wireshark to capture packets between SCADA devices and the management system.
Wireshark is the best tool listed for packet capture and analysis
Which of the following would MOST likely be included in the incident response procedure after a security breach of customer PII?
A. Human resources
B. Public relations
C. Marketing
D. Internal network operations center
B. Public relations
An analyst is working with a network engineer to resolve a vulnerability that was found in a piece of legacy hardware, which is critical to the operation of the organization’s production line. The legacy hardware does not have third-party support, and the OEM manufacturer of the controller is no longer in operation. The analyst documents the activities and verifies these actions to prevent remote exploitation of the vulnerability.
Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate to remediate the controller?
A. Segment the network to constrain access to administrative interfaces.
B. Replace the equipment that has third-party support.
C. Remove the legacy hardware from the network.
D. Install an IDS on the network between the switch and the legacy equipment.
A. Segment the network to constrain access to administrative interfaces.
A small electronics company decides to use a contractor to assist with the development of a new FPGA-based device. Several of the development phases will occur off-site at the contractor’s labs.
Which of the following is the main concern a security analyst should have with this arrangement?
A. Making multiple trips between development sites increases the chance of physical damage to the FPGAs.
B. Moving the FPGAs between development sites will lessen the time that is available for security testing.
C. Development phases occurring at multiple sites may produce change management issues.
D. FPGA applications are easily cloned, increasing the possibility of intellectual property theft.
D. FPGA applications are easily cloned, increasing the possibility of intellectual property theft.
A security analyst is trying to determine if a host is active on a network. The analyst first attempts the following:
“In the example, regular ping didnt work
2nd time, used sudo hping3 and it worked. Flags returned RA”
The analyst runs the following command next:
Which of the following would explain the difference in results?
A. ICMP is being blocked by a firewall.
RA flag = indicates that the communication is blocked because ICMP is being blocked by a firewall.
A cybersecurity analyst is contributing to a team hunt on an organization’s endpoints. Which of the following should the analyst do FIRST?
A. Write detection logic.
B. Establish a hypothesis.
C. Profile the threat actors and activities.
D. Perform a process analysis.
B. Establish a hypothesis.
A security analyst received a SIEM alert regarding high levels of memory consumption for a critical system. After several attempts to remediate the issue, the system went down. A root cause analysis revealed a bad actor forced the application to not reclaim memory. This caused the system to be depleted of resources.
Which of the following BEST describes this attack?
A. Injection attack
B. Memory corruption
C. Denial of service
D. Array attack
B. Memory corruption
Which of the following software security best practices would prevent an attacker from being able to run arbitrary SQL commands within a web application?
(Choose two.)
A. Parameterized queries B. Session management C. Input validation D. Output encoding E. Data protection F. Authentication
A. Parameterized queries
C. Input validation
A cyber-incident response analyst is investigating a suspected cryptocurrency miner on a company’s server.
Which of the following is the FIRST step the analyst should take?
A. Create a full disk image of the server’s hard drive to look for the file containing the malware.
B. Run a manual antivirus scan on the machine to look for known malicious software.
C. Take a memory snapshot of the machine to capture volatile information stored in memory.
D. Start packet capturing to look for traffic that could be indicative of command and control from the miner.
D. Start packet capturing to look for traffic that could be indicative of command and control from the miner.
An information security analyst is compiling data from a recent penetration test and reviews the following output:
The analyst wants to obtain more information about the web-based services that are running on the target.
Which of the following commands would MOST likely provide the needed information?
A. ping -t 10.79.95.173.rdns.datacenters.com
B. telnet 10.79.95.173 443
C. ftpd 10.79.95.173.rdns.datacenters.com 443
D. tracert 10.79.95.173
B. telnet 10.79.95.173 443
A compliance officer of a large organization has reviewed the firm’s vendor management program but has discovered there are no controls defined to evaluate third-party risk or hardware source authenticity. The compliance officer wants to gain some level of assurance on a recurring basis regarding the implementation of controls by third parties.
Which of the following would BEST satisfy the objectives defined by the compliance officer? (Choose two.)
A. Executing vendor compliance assessments against the organization’s security controls
B. Executing NDAs prior to sharing critical data with third parties
C. Soliciting third-party audit reports on an annual basis
D. Maintaining and reviewing the organizational risk assessment on a quarterly basis
E. Completing a business impact assessment for all critical service providers
F. Utilizing DLP capabilities at both the endpoint and perimeter levels
A. Executing vendor compliance assessments against the organization’s security controls
C. Soliciting third-party audit reports on an annual basis
An audit has revealed an organization is utilizing a large number of servers that are running unsupported operating systems.
As part of the management response phase of the audit, which of the following would BEST demonstrate senior management is appropriately aware of and addressing the issue?
A. Copies of prior audits that did not identify the servers as an issue
B. Project plans relating to the replacement of the servers that were approved by management
C. Minutes from meetings in which risk assessment activities addressing the servers were discussed
D. ACLs from perimeter firewalls showing blocked access to the servers
E. Copies of change orders relating to the vulnerable servers
B. Project plans relating to the replacement of the servers that were approved by management
A security analyst is reviewing packet captures from a system that was compromised. The system was already isolated from the network, but it did have network access for a few hours after being compromised. When viewing the capture in a packet analyzer, the analyst sees the following:
Which of the following can the analyst conclude?
A. Malware is attempting to beacon to 128.50.100.3.
B. The system is running a DoS attack against ajgidwle.com.
C. The system is scanning ajgidwle.com for PII.
D. Data is being exfiltrated over DNS.
D. Data is being exfiltrated over DNS.
It is important to parameterize queries to prevent __________.
A. the execution of unauthorized actions against a database.
B. a memory overflow that executes code with elevated privileges.
C. the establishment of a web shell that would allow unauthorized access.
D. the queries from using an outdated library with security vulnerabilities.
A. the execution of unauthorized actions against a database.
A security analyst reviews the following aggregated output from an Nmap scan and the border firewall ACL:
Which of the following should the analyst reconfigure to BEST reduce organizational risk while maintaining current functionality?
A. PC1 B. PC2 C. Server1 D. Server2 E. Firewall
E. Firewall
During an investigation, a security analyst determines suspicious activity occurred during the night shift over the weekend. Further investigation reveals the activity was initiated from an internal IP going to an external website.
Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate recommendation to prevent the activity from happening in the future?
A. An IPS signature modification for the specific IP addresses
B. An IDS signature modification for the specific IP addresses
C. A firewall rule that will block port 80 traffic
D. A firewall rule that will block traffic from the specific IP addresses
D. A firewall rule that will block traffic from the specific IP addresses
A security analyst has received reports of very slow, intermittent access to a public-facing corporate server. Suspecting the system may be compromised, the analyst runs the following commands:
Based on the output from the above commands, which of the following should the analyst do NEXT to further the investigation?
A. Run crontab -r; rm -rf /tmp/.t to remove and disable the malware on the system.
B. Examine the server logs for further indicators of compromise of a web application.
C. Run kill -9 1325 to bring the load average down so the server is usable again.
D. Perform a binary analysis on the /tmp/.t/t file, as it is likely to be a rogue SSHD server.
B. Examine the server logs for further indicators of compromise of a web application.
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) wants to upgrade an organization’s security posture by improving proactive activities associated with attacks from internal and external threats.
Which of the following is the MOST proactive tool or technique that feeds incident response capabilities?
A. Development of a hypothesis as part of threat hunting
B. Log correlation, monitoring, and automated reporting through a SIEM platform
C. Continuous compliance monitoring using SCAP dashboards
D. Quarterly vulnerability scanning using credentialed scans
A. Development of a hypothesis as part of threat hunting
While planning segmentation for an ICS environment, a security engineer determines IT resources will need access to devices within the ICS environment without compromising security.
To provide the MOST secure access model in this scenario, the jumpbox should be __________.
A. placed in an isolated network segment, authenticated on the IT side, and forwarded into the ICS network.
B. placed on the ICS network with a static firewall rule that allows IT network resources to authenticate.
C. bridged between the IT and operational technology networks to allow authenticated access.
D. placed on the IT side of the network, authenticated, and tunneled into the ICS environment.
A. placed in an isolated network segment, authenticated on the IT side, and forwarded into the ICS network.
A development team uses open-source software and follows an Agile methodology with two-week sprints. Last month, the security team filed a bug for an insecure version of a common library. The DevOps team updated the library on the server, and then the security team rescanned the server to verify it was no longer vulnerable. This month, the security team found the same vulnerability on the server.
Which of the following should be done to correct the cause of the vulnerability?
A. Deploy a WAF in front of the application.
B. Implement a software repository management tool.
C. Install a HIPS on the server.
D. Instruct the developers to use input validation in the code.
B. Implement a software repository management tool.
A security analyst is reviewing the logs from an internal chat server. The chat.log file is too large to review manually, so the analyst wants to create a shorter log file that only includes lines associated with a user demonstrating anomalous activity. Below is a snippet of the log:
Which of the following commands would work BEST to achieve the desired result? A. grep -v chatter14 chat.log B. grep -i pythonfun chat.log C. grep -i javashark chat.log D. grep -v javashark chat.log E. grep -v pythonfun chat.log F. grep -i chatter14 chat.log
D. grep -v javashark chat.log
An analyst is participating in the solution analysis process for a cloud-hosted SIEM platform to centralize log monitoring and alerting capabilities in the SOC.
Which of the following is the BEST approach for supply chain assessment when selecting a vendor?
A. Gather information from providers, including datacenter specifications and copies of audit reports.
B. Identify SLA requirements for monitoring and logging.
C. Consult with senior management for recommendations.
D. Perform a proof of concept to identify possible solutions.
B. Identify SLA requirements for monitoring and logging.
A security technician is testing a solution that will prevent outside entities from spoofing the company’s email domain, which is comptia.org. The testing is successful, and the security technician is prepared to fully implement the solution.
Which of the following actions should the technician take to accomplish this task?
A. Add TXT @ “v=spf1 mx include:_spf.comptia.org גˆ’all” to the DNS record.
B. Add TXT @ “v=spf1 mx include:_spf.comptia.org גˆ’all” to the email server.
C. Add TXT @ “v=spf1 mx include:_spf.comptia.org +all” to the domain controller.
D. Add TXT @ “v=spf1 mx include:_spf.comptia.org +all” to the web server.
A. Add TXT @ “v=spf1 mx include:_spf.comptia.org גˆ’all” to the DNS record.
A security analyst on the threat-hunting team has developed a list of unneeded, benign services that are currently running as part of the standard OS deployment for workstations. The analyst will provide this list to the operations team to create a policy that will automatically disable the services for all workstations in the organization.
Which of the following BEST describes the security analyst’s goal?
A. To create a system baseline
B. To reduce the attack surface
C. To optimize system performance
D. To improve malware detection
B. To reduce the attack surface
Which of the following roles is ultimately responsible for determining the classification levels assigned to specific data sets?
A. Data custodian
B. Data owner
C. Data processor
D. Senior management
B. Data owner
A security analyst suspects a malware infection was caused by a user who downloaded malware after clicking http:///a.php in a phishing email.
To prevent other computers from being infected by the same malware variation, the analyst should create a rule on the __________.
A. email server that automatically deletes attached executables.
B. IDS to match the malware sample.
C. proxy to block all connections to .
D. firewall to block connection attempts to dynamic DNS hosts.
C. proxy to block all connections to .
An information security analyst is reviewing backup data sets as part of a project focused on eliminating archival data sets.
Which of the following should be considered FIRST prior to disposing of the electronic data?
A. Sanitization policy
B. Data sovereignty
C. Encryption policy
D. Retention standards
D. Retention standards
A security analyst is evaluating two vulnerability management tools for possible use in an organization. The analyst set up each of the tools according to the respective vendor’s instructions and generated a report of vulnerabilities that ran against the same target server.
Tool A reported the following:
Tool B reported the following:
Which of the following BEST describes the method used by each tool? (Choose two.)
A. Tool A is agent based.
B. Tool A used fuzzing logic to test vulnerabilities.
C. Tool A is unauthenticated.
D. Tool B utilized machine learning technology.
E. Tool B is agent based.
F. Tool B is unauthenticated.
A. Tool A is agent based.
F. Tool B is unauthenticated.
A security analyst received an alert from the SIEM indicating numerous login attempts from users outside their usual geographic zones, all of which were initiated through the web-based mail server. The logs indicate all domain accounts experienced two login attempts during the same time frame.
Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue?
A. A password-spraying attack was performed against the organization.
B. A DDoS attack was performed against the organization.
C. This was normal shift work activity; the SIEM’s AI is learning.
D. A credentialed external vulnerability scan was performed.
A. A password-spraying attack was performed against the organization.
During an investigation, a security analyst identified machines that are infected with malware the antivirus was unable to detect.
Which of the following is the BEST place to acquire evidence to perform data carving?
A. The system memory
B. The hard drive
C. Network packets
D. The Windows Registry
A. The system memory
fileless malware leaves no footprint
A cybersecurity analyst has access to several threat feeds and wants to organize them while simultaneously comparing intelligence against network traffic.
Which of the following would BEST accomplish this goal?
A. Continuous integration and deployment
B. Automation and orchestration
C. Static and dynamic analysis
D. Information sharing and analysis
B. Automation and orchestration
A storage area network (SAN) was inadvertently powered off while power maintenance was being performed in a datacenter. None of the systems should have lost all power during the maintenance. Upon review, it is discovered that a SAN administrator moved a power plug when testing the SAN’s fault notification features.
Which of the following should be done to prevent this issue from reoccurring?
A. Ensure both power supplies on the SAN are serviced by separate circuits, so that if one circuit goes down, the other remains powered.
B. Install additional batteries in the SAN power supplies with enough capacity to keep the system powered on during maintenance operations.
C. Ensure power configuration is covered in the datacenter change management policy and have the SAN administrator review this policy.
D. Install a third power supply in the SAN so loss of any power intuit does not result in the SAN completely powering off.
C. Ensure power configuration is covered in the datacenter change management policy and have the SAN administrator review this policy.
A security analyst is providing a risk assessment for a medical device that will be installed on the corporate network. During the assessment, the analyst discovers the device has an embedded operating system that will be at the end of its life in two years. Due to the criticality of the device, the security committee makes a risk-based policy decision to review and enforce the vendor upgrade before the end of life is reached.
Which of the following risk actions has the security committee taken?
A. Risk exception
B. Risk avoidance
C. Risk tolerance
D. Risk acceptance
D. Risk acceptance
During a cyber incident, which of the following is the BEST course of action?
A. Switch to using a pre-approved, secure, third-party communication system.
B. Keep the entire company informed to ensure transparency and integrity during the incident.
C. Restrict customer communication until the severity of the breach is confirmed.
D. Limit communications to pre-authorized parties to ensure response efforts remain confidential.
D. Limit communications to pre-authorized parties to ensure response efforts remain confidential.
Which of the following BEST describes the process by which code is developed, tested, and deployed in small batches?
A. Agile
B. Waterfall
C. SDLC
D. Dynamic code analysis
A. Agile
Which of the following types of policies is used to regulate data storage on the network?
A. Password
B. Acceptable use
C. Account management
D. Retention
D. Retention
A security team wants to make SaaS solutions accessible from only the corporate campus.
Which of the following would BEST accomplish this goal?
A. Geofencing
B. IP restrictions
C. Reverse proxy
D. Single sign-on
A. Geofencing
Data spillage occurred when an employee accidentally emailed a sensitive file to an external recipient.
Which of the following controls would have MOST likely prevented this incident?
A. SSO
B. DLP
C. WAF
D. VDI
B. DLP
A security analyst has received information from a third-party intelligence-sharing resource that indicates employee accounts were breached.
Which of the following is the NEXT step the analyst should take to address the issue?
A. Audit access permissions for all employees to ensure least privilege.
B. Force a password reset for the impacted employees and revoke any tokens.
C. Configure SSO to prevent passwords from going outside the local network.
D. Set up privileged access management to ensure auditing is enabled.
B. Force a password reset for the impacted employees and revoke any tokens.
