CSI 14+15 Flashcards
(89 cards)
What is non specific back pain?
Back pain with an unidentifiable cause
What is back pain often due to?
Sprains or strains
What can back pain more rarely be caused by?
A slipped/prolapsed disc
Sciatica
How is somatotrophic organisation arranged?
Contralaterally
Where does decussation occur for contralateral arrangement?
Medulla oblongata
What side of the body does each side of the somatosensory cortex represent?
The right side represents the left side of the body and the left side represents the right side of the body
What can stimulation of the cingulate cortex cause?
Aversion
What can stimulation of the insula cause?
Vasoconstriction, sweating
What can stimulation of the amagdyla cause?
Fear
What can stimulation of the reticular formation cause?
Arousal
What is the process by which a stimulus is converted to an action potential?
Transduction
What type of receptors need a larger stimulus to be activated?
Pain receptors/nocireceptors
What are the different types of stimuli that can activate pain receptors?`
Thermal
Chemical
Mechanical
Where are mechanoreceptors usually found?
Plasma membrane of high threshold nerve endings
How are mechanoreceptors activated?
They undergo conformational change when a mechanical force is applied which triggers an action potential
How are chemoreceptors activated?
They undergo conformational change in response to certain cytokines being released at the site of inflammation
What path does touch take?
Dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway
What path does pain take?
Spinothalamic tract
What are the different routes in the spinothalamic tract for?
The fast one is for sharp pain
The slow one is for dull pain
What fibres carry sharp pain in the spinothalamic tract?
A delta fibres
What fibres carry dull pain in the spinothalamic tract?
C fibres
How are a delta and c fibres in the spinothalamic tract different?
They have different speed limits due to difference in thickness and myelination
Describe where the spinothalamic tract decussates and synapses along its path?
It immediately synapses and decussates upon entering the dorsal horn
It then travels contralaterally and synapses in the thalamus
What is special about the pathway for dull pain?
It is involved with the reticular formation when it ascends