CSF AND ICP

Question 1

What percentage of cardiac output maintains cerebral blood flow?

Answer 1

15%

Question 2

What happens to cerebral perfusion pressure if ICP increases?

Answer 2

Decreases

Question 3

Which 3 factors regulate cerebral blood flow?

Answer 3

CPP
Concentration arterial CO2
Arterial PO2

Question 4

Subacute to chronic intracranial hypertension is caused by…

Answer 4

Cerebral oedema

Question 5

In which part of the brain matter does vasogenic oedema occur?

Answer 5

White matter

Question 6

Pathological lesion of vasogenic oedema

Answer 6

Primary or metastatic tumou
Abscess
Late stage infarct
Trauma

Question 7

Pathological lesion of cytotoxic oedema

Answer 7

Water intoxication

Early stage infarct

Question 8

Pathological lesion of interstitial oedema

Answer 8

Obstructive or communicating hydrocephalus

Question 9

Management of vasgoenic oedema

Answer 9

Mannitol

Steroids

Question 10

Management of cytotoxic oedema

Answer 10

Mannitol

Question 11

Management of Interstitial oedema

Answer 11

Surgery
Extraventricular drain
Shunt

Question 12

What is Cushing’s reflex?

Answer 12

Vasopressor response

1. Hypertension
2. Bradycardia
3. Irregular reathing

Question 13

Management of increased ICP

Answer 13

Head end elevation - increase venous return
Mannitol/hypertonic saline
Hyperventilation - decrease CBF
Barbiturate coma - decrease cerebral metabolism, CBF
Surgical decompression

Question 14

Hydrocephalus occurs due to

Answer 14

Extra CSF in intracranial space enters intraventricular space causing dilatation

Question 15

Where is CSF produced>

Answer 15

Choroid plexus

Question 16

Describe the CSF pathway

Answer 16

Lateral ventricle
Foramen of Munro
3rd ventricle
Cerebral aqueduct (og Sylvius)
4th ventricle
Foramina of Luschka or Magendie
Through subarachnoid space over brain and spinal cord
Reabsorbed via arachnoid granulations along dural venous sinuses (superior sagittal)