CS 303 Flashcards
Dynamic storage
dynamic storage (like RAM) requires power to maintain its information
____________ doesn’t require power, by maintaining the contents even while turned off.
static storage
Magnetic storage
uses magnetism and metal pieces embedded in a plastic film to encode information
uses lasers and bumps on a plastic disk
optical storage
exclusively uses electronics, particularly flash memory
flash storage
remote storage
cloud storage
encodes information by punching holes in paper cards
paper storage
Three factors of storage:
speed, cost, evolution
a column in a database
tuple
functional dependencies
the relationship between a database attribute and another
a _______ of a relation determine that no two tuples have the same attributes across the data set
key
The term ___________ refers to the reduction of a complex structure to a simpler, more straightforward one.
decompose
Each tuple is reliant only on a ______________
primary key
How many child records or tables can a parent table have?
unlimited
How many parent tables can a child record or table have?
1
Ultimately, what is at the ‘top’ of a hierarchical database?
a single parent table
What rough shape does a hierarchical database take?
a pyramid
The type of database that stores journals and magazine articles is called a _____.
library database
What is the main difference between a database and a database application?
The database contains the collection of information and data, while the database application is the software used to organize this data.
_____________________ allows for jobs to be run with minimal to no human intervention following preset schedules and priorities, as long as the information needed to execute the job is present.
Batch processing
Which of the following is a good example of batch processing?
Printing out paychecks
The property that determines if a batch job is executed faster or slower than others is referred to as its …
priority
Jobs that run in a batch processing environment…
… can be executed at any point, and may use different priority settings to manage their impact on other jobs and users.
FIFO stands for _____.
first in, first out
In a batch processing model, the executing jobs that are being processed by the computer are often said to be running…
in the background
What is the main distinguishing feature of a batch processing system?
It accumulates one or more transactions over a period of time before processing them at a later scheduled time.
only the whole transaction should be saved/processed
atomicity
the data going out must remain the same when it is saved
consistent
separate from other transactions
isolated
the data must survive a system failure
durable
When considering the ACID principles, which of the following best support each other directly?
Durable, atomic
These are the most common operations in a database application transaction.
read, write
While a transaction was processing, an update to the servers caused a reset. However, the transaction was still committed. What best describes the component of ACID in this scenario?
Durable
As a transaction is being performed, only part of it can be processed. Instead of saving only part of the data, the transaction is rolled back. What best describes the nature of the transaction?
atomic
Consider a database application that updates stock prices. It has been written so that the stock price of a given stock is updated only if an unrelated stock is also changed. What component of ACID does this violate?
isolation
The .NET framework consists mostly of what?
Classes (objects)
.NET is meant to save a developer _____ on the mundane things.
Time and energy
Why is it important to carefully select a database software?
To ensure that requirements of an organization are fulfilled
Which one of the following database software options uses an object-relational model?
Oracle
Why is .NET framework so important to Microsoft SQL Server 2017 installation?
software interoperability
What is the minimum operating system requirement for installing Microsoft SQL Server 2017 Developer edition?
Windows 8 Enterprise
What type of hard disk formatting is recommended for Microsoft SQL Server 2017 installation?
NTFS or ReFS
What is the required speed of processor for installing Microsoft SQL Server 2017?
1.4 GHz
On the license review screen of the Microsoft SQL Server 2017 installation wizard, which of these needs to be checked to proceed?
I accept the license terms
We use the keyword ‘_____’ to signify that there is more than one instruction in the trigger to be executed.
atomic
A trigger is a set of instructions that are _____ by some specific event.
fired
Triggers can be set to fire _____, _____, or _____ any of these commands.
before, after, instead of
Triggers can help us maintain data _____ and _____ across the database by ensuring that the same data is entered, deleted, or updated in all related areas.
consistency, integrity
Database triggers are most commonly applied to _____.
tables
Uses for an SQL trigger
deriving information
referential integrity
event logging
auditing
replication
security
error handling
Which SQL trigger use involves comparing recorded information with expected patterns?
auditing
An SQL trigger provides the ability to _____ and _____ to an external event.
recognize and react
SQL was released by _____ and created by _____.
Oracle, IBM
An employee accessing a payroll database to find out how much others are paid would be an example of a violation of the principle of _____________.
confidentiality
What is the main idea behind the principle of availability in information security?
People who are authorized to view data can do so when they need access
_____ refers to the process of making sure only those who are entitled to information can access it?
information security
The _____ ensures that people only have access to the information they need to do their jobs.
principle of least privilege
CIA triads of data
confidentiality, integrity, availability
How can data integrity be achieved?
encryption
Ensuring data recoverability is done using?
backup and restore operations
Why is database reliability important to organizations?
Ensures accuracy of business information
Which one of the following is a component of data reliability?
integrity
What term best describes the ‘engine’ behind AI tools like ChatGPT?
natural language processing
After using an AI tool to generate a SQL statement for your project, what is your next step?
validate the statements
By taking on tedious tasks, AI is a great fit for _____ to generate quick results
automation
What is the ‘‘notification’’ practice in data warehouse administration?
When the raw data is not correctly supplied, the administrator is notified.
What happens during data quality processes monitoring?
The administrator is notified about the correct and complete supply of data to the data warehouse.
What specific goals is the security manager concerned with?
Authorization and authentication
What does data warehouse administration resemble in many ways?
Database administration
