CS - 1st Exam Flashcards
Questions regarding PAIN
Onset (what patient was doing)
Provocation (better/worse w/palpation or rest)
Quality (dull, tearing, intermittent, etc)
Region & Radiation (where & whether it radiates)
Severity (scale from 0 - 10)
Time (history - how long & if it has changed)
Questions for Body System - First questions
Energy?, Sleep?, Sweat?, Thirsty?, Appetite?
Run hot, cold or normal temp? Hot at night?
Questions for Body System - Digestion & Urination
Digestion (BM’s-shape, frequency, dry/moist, smell, undigested food) constipation, bloating, belching, associated noises?
Urination - frequency? amount? Up at night? Color? Odor? Clear or Turbid? Smooth flow or stops?
Questions for Body System - Menstruation
Mensus regular? When did mensus begin? Where are you in your cycle? Do you have cramps, cravings, back pain, etc. How long is your mensus? Do you have blood clots? How large? What color is the blood? How heavy is the blood flow?
Questions for Body System - Emotions
Do you get frustrated, irritable, impatient, or depressed?
Do you get anxious, panicky, jumpy?
Do you over-worry, over-analyze or obsess?
Do you get sad easily, or are weepy?
Do you have a lot of fears?
Questions for Body System - Eyes
Do you have dry eyes, hair or skin?
Do you have any problems with your ears? Pain or ringing? High pitched or low pitched?
Do your eyes get dry or burning?
Questions for Body System - Allergies
Do you have any allergies? Seasonal or dietary?
What are the symptoms of your allergies? Congestion, phlegm, clogged ears, sneezing, lacrimation, rhinitis, Post nasal drip, sore throat, cough, wheeze, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest?
Questions for Body System - Asthma & HT
Do you have asthma? SOB, tightness or pressure in the chest? Wheezing? Allergy induced? Exercise induced?
Do you have heart palpitations, chest pain or circulatory problems?
Examples of Objective Observations
Range of Motion Color of Complexion Tender points upon palpation Bruising visible Results from Xray or MRI
Objective - The Tongue Body
color of tongue body shape size toothmarks, if present landmark(midlinecrack,Yin cracks, papules, etc.) Dry, moist, or normal? Deviated? Quivering?
Objective - The Tongue Coating
Color
Distribution (Geographic, heavier on base)
Quality (Greasy, Dry)
Objective - Pulse
Rate of speed (i.e. rapid (>90), slow(<60), normal)
Qualities of the pulse: (i.e. Wiry, Slippery, Thready, Weak, Deep, Superficial, Floating-Empty, Intermittent, etc.)
Left hand: HT, LV, KD
Right hand: LU, SP, KD
Assessment (formula for writing)
Formula for writing a correct assessment:
[Name of ‘disease category’] due to [Pattern Differentiation]
Example: Low Back Pain due to trauma resulting in Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis
Plan
Treatment Principles (Ex: Open the channels, Move Qi, Invigorate Blood, Relieve pain)
Acupuncture Tx Prescription (Rx) - Points
Herbal Tx Prescription (Rx)
Adjunctive Tx modalities (i.e. Tui na, moxibustion, cupping, gua sha, bleeding, auricular therapy)
Food Therapy, Chinese medicated dietor Western nutritional recommendations
Lifestyle recommendations
Course of Tx (i.e. 1 X week for 3 months)
Prognosis
Two Main Fx of the Channels
- Transporting qi and blood throughout the body and integrating/connecting the whole body (int/ext)
- Responding to dysfunction in the body, when the harmony is disrupted the channels respond in different ways
Three ways the channels respond to dysfunction in the body
- Disease of the channels themselves – giving rise to local tenderness, numbness, etc. (i.e. Stagnation or insufficiency of Qi and Blood)
- Disease of the zangfu are internal disharmonies that can show signs on the channel (i.e. LV Qi Stag causing pain in the path of the Liv/GB channel like flank, breast, genital pain.
- Disease transmitting via the channels, from one zangfu to another through the channels or from one channel to another channel.
Two Functions of the Channels
- Protecting the body (Minute then Lou then Primary), preventing disease from going deeper.
- The channels serve to transmit qi to the disease area, by stimulation of the acupuncture point.
Channels - From most Superficial to Deepest
Cutaneous regions Minute collateral Sinew/Muscle channels Lou-connecting channels Primary channels Divergent channels Extraordinary channels Deep pathway of the primary and divergent channels
Why do we need to know the interior pathways of the channels?
Because this explains why certain points or meridians treat certain conditions. i.e. PC 6 (interior pathway descends through the middle jiao) explains why it is used to treat nausea.
The Fx of the Eight (8) Extraordinary Vessels
- Act as reservoirs- able to absorb excessive qi and blood from primary channels.
- Protect the body.
- All derive their energy from the Ki so they all contain the Essence which is stored in the Ki.
- Link the 12 primary channels.
Names of the 8 Extraordinary Vessels
- Sea of Yang: Governing Vessel: (DU)
- Sea of Yin: Conception Vessel: (Ren)
- Sea of Blood or Sea of 12 Primary: (Chong)
- Girdling Vessel: (Dai)
- Yin Motility: (Yin Qiao)
- Yang Motility: (Yang Qiao)
- Yin Linking: (Yin Wei)
- Yang Linking: (Yang Wei)
How do you needle the Extraordinary Vessels
- Opening Point First
2. If Unilateral, needle R side on Women first and reverse for Men with coupled point on the Opposite side
Which Extraordinary Vessels are the source of all other Extraordinary vessels?
Directing, Governing, and Penetrating vessels are the source of all other Extra-Ordinary vessels since they originate directly from the Ki and are therefore connected to the Essence. They affect the patient’s energy at a constitutional level.
Which Extraordinary Vessel is the Sea of Blood, Sea of 12 Channels?
Penetrating Vessel/Chong Mai:
The Penetrating Vessel (Chong Mai) functions
Influence abdomen, uterus, chest, heart.
Pathological symptoms: counter flow of qi, abdominal urgency, gynecological disorders, atrophy of the leg
Together with Directing vessel, regulates the uterus, menstruation and nourish blood
Penetrating Vessel (Chong Mai)
Provides link between Pre-Heaven and Post-Heaven Qi so it can be used in all cases of weak constitution.
Penetrating Vessel (Chong Mai)
Master & Coupling Points for Chong Mai
Inner Gates
Master Pt.: SP-4
Couple Pt.: PC-6
Physiology of Chong Mai
- Stores and regulates blood
- Channel curves around the lips, and is related to the pubic region and perineum.
- Strongly regulates the 12 regular channels.
- Most effective channel for regulating circulation of qi & blood in the entire body.
- Powerful for opening blockages & stagnations.
Pathological Sx of Chong Mai
Blood disorders of either excess or deficiency.
Sense of fullness and distention of the body.
Blood circulation is accelerated and stagnated. Flushed face due to qi and blood rushing to head. With Bld Def - general weakness, coldness of body. Sensation as if the body is reduced in size.
Irregular menses, dysmenorrhea, miscarriage. Infertility, difficult delivery, impotence
Sensations of Qi rushing upward to the chest, throat and head.
Cramping pain in the abdomen.
Severe, acute Onset of all types of bleeding, asthma, dizziness, headache and vomiting.
Girdling Vessel/Dai Mai
Vertical path of 12 primary channels
Influence the genitals, waist, and hips.
Pathological symptoms of Dai Mai
Abdominal fullness, sensation at the waist as though sitting in water, waist and lumbar spine, leucorrhea, damp heat in the lower burner, irregular menstruation, infertility, insufficient sperm, weakness of the legs/atrophy.
The Master and Coupled Points of the Dai Mai
Master Pt: GB-41
Coupled Pt: SJ-5
Physiology of Dai Mai
Controls and binds all the channels which travel longitudinally.
Regulates Leukorrhea
Regulates the Gall Bladder Channel
Yang Motility Vessel (Yang Qiao)
Dominates activity.
Influence lateral aspect of leg, back, neck, head, and eyes.
Pathological Sx of Yang Motility Vessel (Yang Qiao)
Daytime epilepsy, insomnia, tightness of muscles on side of leg/flaccidity of muscles on inside of leg, eversion of foot.
Master & Coupled Points for (Yang Qiao)
Master Pt: UB-62
Coupled Pt: SI-3
Yin Motility Vessel (Yin Qiao)
Dominates quietness.
Influence inner side of legs, abdomen, and eyes.
Pathological Sx of Yin Motility Vessel (Yin Qiao)
Night time epilepsy, pain in the genitals, contracted sinews, great desire to sleep, inversion of foot, flaccidity of the muscles of the lateral side of leg and tightness of the muscles of the medial leg.
Master & Coupled Points for Yin Qiao
Master Pt: KI-6
Coupled Pt: LU-7
Balance the Yin/Yang Qi of the lower extremities
If the medial muscles are spasmed and the lateral muscles are flaccid, this is a disorder of the
Yin Qiao
Physiology of Yin & Yang Qiao Mai
Regulate the function of the brain
Yang Qi excess in Yang Qiao-over-excitement, hyperactivity, restlessness and uneasiness
Yin Qi excess in Yin Qiao- spiritlessness, hypoactivity, apathy, and lassitude
Yang Qiao is a branch of the UB channel and can treat symptoms of the UB channel.
Yin Qiao is a branch of the KD channel and can treat symptoms of the KD channel.
The Yin Qiao passes through the throat and is useful for disorders of the throat and vocal cords.
When the Yang Qiao channel is disordered, there may be
Insomnia, epilepsy, muscle spasms on the lateral aspect of the lower extremities while those on the medial aspect may be flaccid or atrophied
When the Yin Qiao Channel is disordered, there may be
Somnolence, epilepsy, muscle spasm on the medial aspect of the lower extremities while those on the lateral aspect may be flaccid or atrophied
Yang Linking Vessel/Yang Wei Mai
Dominates the exterior of the body.
Influence lateral aspect of leg, sides of body, lateral aspects of neck, head, and ears.
Master & Couple Points for Yang Linking Vessel (Yang Wei Mai)
Master Pt: SJ-5
Couple Pt: GB-35
Pathological Sx of Yang Wei Mai
Visual dizziness, chills and fever
Physiology of Yang Wei Mai
Dominates the exterior -Tai Yang and Shao Yang
Balances the Yang qi
When the Yang Wei is disordered there may be
Exterior syndromes, vertigo, chills, and fever alternatingly, muscular stiffness and pain, fatigue, and distention in the waist
The points of the Yang Wei Channel are mainly used to treat
Exterior syndromes, Shao Yang syndrome, and symptoms related to the GB channel
When the Yang Qiao channel is disordered, there may ALSO be
Eversion of the foot, and pain and stiffness of the lumbar region, hip, scapula, shoulder, and headache
If the lateral muscles are spasmed and the medial muscles are flaccid this is a disorder of the
Yang Qiao
If yang qi is excess in the Yang Qiao it will result in
Insomnia
If yin qi is excess in the Yin Qiao it will result in
Somnolence
When Yang Qi is deficient there may be symptoms of
General lassitude and listlessness
When qi in the Yang channels are disturbed, there may be
Bi-polar, obesessive/compulsive behavior, excessive anger
When Yang Qi is excess there may be symptoms of
Dizziness, vertigo, blurred vision, asthmatic breathing
Yin Linking Vessel/Yin Wei Mai
Dominates the interior of the body
Influences chest, and heart
Pathological Sx of Yin Wei Mai
HT pain, pain in the chest
Master & Coupling Points for Yin Wei Mai
Master Pt: PC-6
Coupled Pt: SP-4
Physiology of Yin Wei Mai
Dominates the Interior: It dominates the Qi in the Yin channels and their associated organs, especially the heart, lung, stomach and spleen
Pathological Sx of Yin Wei Mai
Chest pain, cardiac and epigastric pain, pain of the abdomen and external genitalia, fullness and distention in the hypochondriac region, abdominal masses, bofborygmus, diarrhea, or lumbar pain
When the Qi in the Yin channels are disturbed, there may be
Mental instability, uneasiness, low self esteem, lack of will power, and discouragement
When the Yin Wei channel is disordered, there may be
Interior syndromes, cardiac pain, pain in the stomach, chest or abdomen
The points of the Yin Wei channel are mainly used to treat interior syndromes and disorders of the
Heart, chest and stomach
Governing Vessel/ Du Mai Fx
Sea of all Yang channels
Helps regulate the qi of all yang channels.
Tonify yang.
Influence the back, spine, back of head and neck.
Nourish spine and brain.
Master & Coupling Points of Du Mai
Master Pt: SI-3
Couple Pt: BL-62
Physiology of the Du Mai
Governs all the Yang Channels
Provides heat (yang qi) to warm all the organs and channels
Influences the fx of the brain, head & sense organs
Strengthens body constitution & enhance immunity
Regulate the fx of its associated organs (uterus, kidney, heart and brain) and channels
Because pathway connects w/UB channel, it is first line which connects all 12 channels through the Back Shu points
Du Mai
It influences all the channels due to it’s connection to the Ren and Chong
Du Mai
When the Qi of the Du Channel is disordered, there may be
Stiffness and pain along the spinal column, opoisthotonos, bi-polar, disorders due to wind such as Wind Stroke, epilepsy, infantile convulsions, shaking, tremors, heavy sensation in the head, dizziness, vertigo, fever, Qi rushing upward, hemorrhoids, enuresis, retention of urine, and pain along the channel distribution
Conception Vessel/Ren Mai/Directing Vessel
Sea of all Yin Channels
Helps regulate qi of all yin channels.
Influence abdomen, thorax, lungs, throat, and face.
Moves qi in lower burner, women: lumps, fibroids, and cancer in uterus; men: hernia.
Master & Coupling Points for Ren Mai
Master Pt.: LU-7
Couple Pt.: KD-6
Very important in reproductive system, especially women (regulates menstruation, fertility, conception, pregnancy, childbirth and menopause)
Ren Mai
Physiology of Ren Mai
Regulates all the Yin Channels
Circulate Yin Qi, including the blood, essence, and body fluids to nourish and lubricate all the organs and channels.
Regulate reproductive function
Regulate the function of the internal organs.
Dist the Yin Qi upward to the face, lips and eyes.
Treats the 7 hernias
When the qi of the Ren Channel is disordered there may be
Irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, seven types of hernia, infertility, vaginal pain, nocturnal emission, enuresis, difficult urination, and pain along the channel distribution.
Branch out from the 12 primary and have no specific points of their own
12 Divergent Channels
12 Divergent Channels are divided into
6 Yin and 6 Yang pairs. The pair circulates together either parallel or joining together.
They emphasize circulation of Qi and blood in the interior of the body reinforcing Zang/Fu and Yin/Yang pairs
12 Divergent Channels
They all run from the extremities to the trunk, face and head benefiting sense organs (except SJ starts at the vertex)
12 Divergent Channels
They have no points of their own and share points on the regular channel and share the same pathology as the regular channel
12 Divergent Channels
Channels that correspond to the zang organs are yin. Inner surface of the legs, arms, abdomen, and chest.
12 Primary Channels
Channels that correspond to the fu organs are yang. Outer surface of the arms , legs, and back, (except ST channel)
12 Primary Channels
*Exception: ST runs through medial/yin aspect of body on chest/abdomen.
The points on the 4 extremities generally have a greater area of influence than those on the trunk, face and head. This influence can be summarized by this expression
the farther the further
12 Primary Channels
Points on the trunk, face and head: The influence of these points is usually limited to local disorders. This can be summarized by this expression
the nearer the closer
12 Primary Channels
The points on the Yin Primary channels affect disorders related to those organs…T/F?
True
The points on the Yang Primary channels affect disorders related to the organs or to the body’s other structures and fluids?
Body’s other structures and fluids
The LI Channel dominates the disorders of
Jin & Ye
The SI Channel dominates the disorders of
Ye
The SJ Channel dominates the disorders of
Qi
The ST Channel dominates the disorders of
Blood
The GB Channel dominates the disorders of
Bones & Joints
The UB Channel dominates the disorders of
Tendons & Ligaments
Tai Yin
LU / SP
Yang Ming
LI / ST
Tai Yang
SI / BL
Shao Yin
HT / KD
Jue Yin
PC / LV
Shao Yang
SJ / GB
5 Types of Channel Pairing
- Chinese Meridian Name Sharing
- Branching Channels - opp balance other
- Interior / Exterior Pair
- Chinese Clock Opposites
- Chinese Clock Neighbors
Distribution for Tai Yang (SI/BL)
LateroPosterior aspect of the 4 extremities, posterior aspect of the body and head
Quantity of Qi & Blood - Tai Yang (SI/BL)
More Blood
Less Qi
Distribution for Shao Yang (SJ/GB)
Center of the lateral aspect of the 4 extremities, lateral aspect of the body
Quantity of Qi & Blood - Shao Yang (SJ/GB)
Less Blood
More Qi
Distribution for Yang Ming (ST/LI)
LateroAnterior aspect of the 4 extremities, front of the face, forehead and trunk
Quantity of Qi & Blood - Yang Ming (ST/LI)
More Qi
More Blood
Distribution for Tai Yin (LU/SP)
MedioAnterior aspect of the 4 extremities, abdomen, chest
Quantity of Qi & Bood - Tai Yin (LU/SP)
More Qi
Less Blood
Distribution for Shao Yin (KD/HT)
Medioposterior aspect of the 4 extremities, abdomen and chest
Quantity of Qi & Bood - Shao Yin (KD/HT)
Less Blood
More Qi
Distribution for Jue Yin (LV/PC)
Center of the medial aspect of the 4 extremities, abdomen and chest
Quantity of Qi & Blood - Jue Yin (LV/PC)
More Blood
Less Qi
Chinese Meridian Clock
1A - 3A
LIVER
Chinese Meridian Clock
3A - 5A
LUNG
Chinese Meridian Clock
5A - 7A
LG. INTESTINE
Chinese Meridian Clock
7A - 9A
STOMACH
Chinese Meridian Clock
9A - 11A
SPLEEN, PANCREAS
Chinese Meridian Clock
11A - 1P
HEART, MIND
Chinese Meridian Clock
1P - 3P
SM. INTESTINE
Chinese Meridian Clock
3P - 5P
BLADDER
Chinese Meridian Clock
5P - 7P
KIDNEY
Chinese Meridian Clock
7P - 9P
HEART GOVERNOR
Chinese Meridian Clock
9P - 11P
SAN JIAO
Chinese Meridian Clock
11P - 1A
GALL BLADDER
More superficial than the main channels and branch out into smaller branches of which there are 3 types: Superficial channels, Blood channels and Minute channels
Luo Connecting Channels
When problems with the channel, the Luo-Conneting point can be use on the opposite side of the int /ext pair channel…T/F?
TRUE
The Luo-Connecting points are closer to the surface or deeper?
Surface
The Luo-Connecting points on the Yin channel are connected to the Yang channel and visa versa - T/F?
True
The function of the Luo Collaterals is to reinforce the connection between the paired ______ and ______ channels on the body surface.
Regular and Extraordinary
Do the Luo-Connecting channels usually have a connection to the organs?
No
The 16 Luo are made up of
12 Primary
Ren & Du
Great Luo of the Spleen
Great Luo of the Stomach
Function of the Luo-Connecting channels strengthen the interior/exterior connection of paired channels…T/F?
True
The 16 Luo mainly treat disorders of
Their internally/externally related channels
Luo Collateral
Luo Collateral’s Distribution
Whole Body
12 Sinew/Muscle Collaterals
Very Superficial, Do not penetrate to zang fu organs
Associated/Named with the 12 primary channels
Reflect disturbances of their primary channels
Can be injured themselves mainly by trauma or exterior pathogens
No specific points, ashi points
Treated by shallow needling, cupping, massage, guasha
12 Cutaneous Regions
Not channels as such but skin regions.
Explains invasion of exogenous pathogens thru skin to deeper levels.
Can manifest disorders of deeper channels like skin sensations, skin lesions, or discoloration.
Explains how treatment to the skin (cupping, ointments, massage) have deeper therapeutic effect.
They share the same name as the regular channel of which they are a branch.
They supplement the Regular Channels, emphasizing the circulation of Qi and Blood to the skin and tissues of the body surface.
Their distribution follows the course of the Regular channels on the body surface, covering a wider area than the Regular Channels.
They do not distribute interiorly.
12 Cutaneous Regions
Fx of 12 Cutaneous Regions
To circulate Qi and Blood, especially the Wei Qi to the body’s surface, regulate the function of the skin and pores, and strengthen the body’s immunity. These functions are directly related to the Lung Qi because the Lung in related to the Wei Qi and the skin. External pathogens can enter the body through the cutaneous regions.
Jing – Well Points
Winter
CLEARING HEAT, RESTORE CONSCIOUSNESS and rescuing collapse. (Pricked and bled for collapse from windstroke or high fever.)
Clear heat from the UPPERMOST REACHES of CHANNEL, particularly in ACUTE disorders.
Classic of Difficulties, this points have an OUTWARD MOVEMENT, making them good to ELIMINATE PATHOGENIC FX.
Classic of Difficulties, Treat fullness below the heart. Stagnation, fullness, distention epigastrium /chest.
Treat disorders of the spirit. Mania, insomnia, nightmares.
Ying – Spring Points
Spring
CLEAR HEAT in the BODY
Treat DISEASE of the YANG (but also yin) Ch/ zang. Have strong action on CLEARING EXCESS PATHO FX, stagnation and heat from their respective channel, not just the uppermost end like the Jing - well but of the WHOLE of the CHANNEL.
Shu – Stream Points
Summer
Treat DISORDERS of the ZANG.
Shu- stream point on the yin channels are the primary points for tonifying and harmonizing their respective zang.
Jing – River Points
Late Summer
Treat COUGH and dyspnoea (SOB), and hot (FEVER) and cold (CHILLS) sensations. This is because, on yin channels, they are the METAL pts.
Treat disease manifesting in the patient’s VOICE.
Treat disease of the SINEWS and BONES.
He – Sea Points
Autumn
Treat REBELLIOUS / COUNTERFLOW of QI and diarrhea, DISEASE of the ST & disorders from irregular eating and drinking. (E.g. ST-36).
Treat DISEASE of the FU.
He Sea Points to treat
ST
GB
LI
ST-36 treat the ST
GB-34 treat the GB
ST-37 treat the intestines
Two most important points to treat skin diseases
He Sea Points:
LI-11 for urticaria, wind rash, itching, shingles
BL-40 for eczema, urticaria
Shu Stream Points & actions
LU-9 tonifies LU and Yin
SP-3 tonifies SP and Yang
HT-7 nourishes HT
KD-3 nourishes KD Yin and tonifies KD Qi & Yang LV-3 harmonizes LV - excess or deficient
Example of Ying Spring Point to Clear Heat (sore throat)
LU-10
Example of Jing Well Point to Clear Heat (sore throat)
LU-11
Five Elements:
On yin channels (Lu, Sp, Ht, Ki, Pc, Liv), jing – well points start with _____.
Wood
Five Elements:
On yang channels (Li, St, Si, Bl, Sj, Gb) , jing – well points start with ______.
Metal
Five Elements:
In case of Deficiency, ______ the Mother,
In case of Excess, _____ the Son.
Deficiency…Reinforce Mother
Excess…Reduce Son
Example: to tonify the Lu (metal) use Lu 9 (earth pt.) and to reduce Lu (metal) use Lu 5 (water pt.).
Points where qi and blood gather and plunge more deeply
Xi-Cleft Points
Mainly used to treat acute conditions and pain
Xi-Cleft Points
Xi-Cleft Points:
Yin channels (Lu, Sp, Ht, Ki, Pc, Liv) have additional action of treating disorders of ______
Blood
Japanese System - Midday Pairs
Treat the Luo of the opposite side of pain, if no result after 1 minute, Use the Xi-Cleft of the same side
Points where the original qi surfaces and lingers
Yuan Source Points
Mostly use to tonify Yin organs, however the Yang Points are mostly used in excess patterns to expel pathogenic factors
Yuan Source Points
The _______ is the motive force situated between the two kidney, it is life giving and is the root of the 12 channels
Original Qi
The _____ acts as the ambassador for the Original Qi, which passes through the three Burners and it then spreads to the 5 Yin and 6 Yang organs
Triple Burner (SJ)
Combination of (Yuan Source) points to Tonify Qi and Original Qi
SJ-4 & ST-42
Luo Connecting Point Actions
Treat disorders of Int/Ext related ch or Zang Fu
Treat disorders reached by the Luo Conn Ch
Treat psycho-emotional disorders
Can be use in Full and Empty conditions
“Host and Guest Combination”
Select the Yuan Source point of the primary affected channel and combine with the Luo connecting point of its Int/Ext pair
Back Shu Fx - According to Classic of Difficulties
“The shu points are situated in the yang region, they may be used to treat yin disease”.
So they should primarily be used in cases of deficiency and cold (yin) and for disease of the zang (yin organs).
important in the treatment of Chronic disease (but could also be used in acute).
Transports Qi to the internal organs
Affects the internal organ directly
Yang in character so used mainly to tonify Yang, but can be used for Yin also.
Stronger and faster effect than the Front-Mu points.
Back Shu Points
Shu means
Transport
Mu means
Gather
Located in the chest or abdomen close to their respective zang or fu.
Where the qi of the zangfu gathers and concentrates on the Anterior of the body.
Front Mu Points
The Front Mu Points:
LU
Lu 1: acute Excess pattern of the Lu, clear Lu heat.
The Front Mu Points:
REN
Ren 17: Tonify and/or move Qi in the chest.
Ren 14: HT probs w/ anxiety, calm the shen.
Ren 12: Tonify ST Qi, St & SP Qi to resolve phlegm.
Ren 5: Use in excess of lower jiao i.e. Damp Heat.
Ren 4: Regs SI & Tonifying KD and Original Qi.
Ren 3: Acute excess of BL, such as Damp Heat.
The Front Mu Points:
LV
LV-13: Move LV Qi when it Stags in epigastrium or lower ab causing SP Def, harmonizes LV/SP.
LV-14: Move LV Qi when Stag in hypochondrium.
The Front Mu Points:
GB
GB-24: clear Gb damp heat in excess patterns of Liv/Gb
GB-25: acute excess of the bladder to clear heat and damp
The Front Mu Points:
ST
ST-25: Regulates the intestines, stop diarrhea and pain
In current clinical practice these points have been equally selected for any pattern corresponding to the zangfu organs whether hot/cold, excess/deficiency.
Back Shu & Front Mu Points
They are likely to become tender in response to disharmony of their respective zang or fu so they can be used to contribute in making a diagnosis.
Back Shu & Front Mu Points
Hui-Meeting Points
Zang
Zang (LV-13) – important point to tonify Sp and all the zang organs and the body as a whole.
Hui-Meeting Points
Fu
Fu (REN-12) – transforming and distributing the essence of food and drinks throughout the body.
Hui-Meeting Points
Qi
Qi (REN-17) – strong effect on gathering and regulating qi.
Hui-Meeting Points
Blood
Blood (BL-17) – treatment of any pattern involving blood (heat, stasis, deficiency).
Hui-Meeting Point:
Sinew
Sinew (GB-34) – influence the sinews throughout the body, stiffness of muscles and joints, shoulder/knee pain.
Hui-Meeting Point:
Vessels
Vessels (LU-9) – disorders of blood vessels in general, like vomiting/spitting/coughing blood.
Hui-Meeting Point:
Bone
Bone (BL-11) – painful obstructions that penetrate deeply into the bones, like joint pain, bone deformities, arthritis.
Hui-Meeting Point
Marrow
Marrow (GB-39) – benefits sinews and bones, like weakness, contraction and pain of the limbs.
Confluent of 8 Extraordinary:
Conception, Governing
Penetrating, Girdling
Conception: LU-7 Governing: SI-3
Penetrating: SP-4 Girdling or Dai: GB-41
Confluent of 8 Extraordinary:
Yin Motility, Yang Motility
Yin Linking, Yang Linking
Yin Motility (Qiao): KD-6 Yang Motility: BL-62 Yin Linking (Wei): PC-6 Yang Linking: SJ-5
12 Heavenly Star Points
Lu 7 Li 4 Li 11 St 36
Bl 57 Bl 60 Gb 30 Gb 34
Bl 40 Ht 5 Liv 3 St 44
4 & 6 Command Points
Can be used to treat any kind of disorders whether excess, deficient, hot, cold, chronic or acute.
Were considered the 4 most useful and important of all points. Later generations added 2 more.
ST-36: disorders of the abdomen
BL-40: disorders of the back and lumbar region
LU-7: disorders of the head and nape
LI-4: disorders of the face and mouth
PC-6: disorders of chest and lateral coastal region
DU-26: resuscitation
Points of the 4 Seas:
Qi
Sea of Qi: ST-9,REN-17, DU-15, DU-14
When in excess, there is fullness in the chest, urgent breathing, and red complexion, manifest in the upper body; when insufficient, there is insufficient energy for speech.
Points of the 4 Seas:
Blood
Sea of Blood: BL-11, ST-37, ST-39
When in excess, sensation as if body were big, feels uneasy, not knowing what disease there is; when insufficient, feels as one’s body is small.
Points of the 4 Seas:
Water & Grain
Sea of Water and Grain: ST-30, ST-36
When in excess, abdominal fullness; when insufficient, hunger with inability to eat.
Points of the 4 Seas:
Marrow
Sea of Marrow: GB-20, DU-16
When in excess, there is lightness in the body and much strength that exceeds person’s normal level; when insufficient, dizziness, tinnitus, desire to sleep, impair vision, fatigue, pain/impairment of lower limbs.
Points of WOH / Sky
Group of 10 points 1st referred to in the Spiritual Pivot
Most of them located around the neck except Lu 3 and Pc 1.
Treat disharmony between the Qi of the body and the head, with Qi or blood rebelling upward. E.g. cough, wheezing due to rebellious Lu qi, vomiting from rebellious St Qi, headache, dizziness, and heat, redness or swelling of face or eyes.
Treat scrofula/goiter and throat disorders.
Treat disorders of sudden onset. E.g. sudden loss of voice.
Treat psycho-emotional disorders. E.g. mania, sadness, dreaming, epilepsy, melancholy.
Treat disorder of the sense organ. E.g. deafness, tinnitus, loss of sense of smell.
Name WOH Points
LU-3, LI-18, ST-9, SJ-16, BL-10, PC-1, SI-16 & 17, REN-22, DU-16
Presented by Sun Si-Miao for the treatment of mania disorders and epilepsy.
13 Ghost Points of Sun Si-Miao
The Nine Needles for Returning the Yang
Points used in the treatment of collapse of yang, characterized by loss of consciousness, aversion to cold, purple lips.
Points: Li 4, St 36, Sp 6, Ki 1, Ki 3, Pc 8, Gb 30, Du 15, Ren 12.
Point selection methods
Local points, Adjacent points, Distal points
Proximal points, Empirical points
Points below to treat above and visa versa
Points in front to treat at the back and vice versa
Points in the center to treat extremities
Points from one Ch to treat its int/ext channel
Cross needling
Headaches
Anger
Cause Liv Yang or Liv Fire, this HA typically located on Gb channel (temples).
Headaches
Worry
Mainly affects Lu and Ht Qi and usually will affect forehead and vertex and are dull in character.
Headaches
Sadness/Grief
Depletes Qi which with time leads to Blood deficiency which if prolonged can lead to Liv Yang. More likely to occur in women which are dominated by blood.
Headaches
Fear
With time it depletes the KD affecting the whole head or can lead to Liv Yang.
Headaches
Shock
“Suspends” Qi and affects the Ht, Lu, and Sp Qi usually causing HA in the whole head.
Headaches
Aetiology
Pensiveness Guilt, Shame Overwork Excessive Sexual Activity Irregular Diet
Headaches
Guilt
May lead QI to STAGNATE, affects LU, HT, LV, KD, due to its stagnating character it can CAUSE BLOOD STASIS, when it AFFECTS UPPER BURNER (LU, HT) it can cause HA.
Headaches
Shame
Can cause QI to STAGNATE but also possibly SINK, one is ashamed one feels dirty which is a characteristic of DAMPNESS, and when Dampness from shame settles in the head, it can cause CHRONIC HA.
Headaches
Overwork
Causes SP QI DEF and in the long run KD Yin DEF, this will give rise to HA in the WHOLE HEAD and can lead to LV YANG RISING causing HA on ONE SIDE OF HEAD or GB channel.
Headaches
Excessive Sexual Activity
Affects more men than women, this will cause HA in the WHOLE HEAD or OCCIPUT.
Headaches
Irregular Diet
IRREGULAR DIET Causing HA on the VERTEX
OVEREATING Obstructs the ST QI & weakens the SP leading to HA in the FOREHEAD sharp in character
SPICE/HOT food, meat, alcohol can lead to LV FIRE (LATERAL HA) and/or ST HEAT (FRONTAL HA) both SHARP
Headaches
Excessive consumption of Damp
Excessive consumption of Damp producing foods (greasy, milk, ice cream, sweets) will cause a DULL HA on the FOREHEAD with a feeling of heaviness
Headaches
Too much Salt
Too much SALT will cause KD DEF which may lead to a dull HA in the WHOLE HEAD of OCCIPUT
