crystal arthropathes Flashcards
gout is a
urate arthropathy
urate arthropathy occurs because
hyperuricaemia leads to precipitation of urate crystals in joints, activation of inflammatory cascade, tissue damage and formation of articular and subcutaneous tophi
how long does it take for gout to form
goout usually appears after 20 to 30 years of hyperuricaemia
percentage of people forming gout
10% of indviduals with hyperuricaema develop gout
factors increasing risk of developing gout
age and duration of hyperuricaemia
males > females
genetic predisposition - including X=-linked HGPRT abnormalities and some inherited forms
alcohol consumption, diet
obesity
drugs (eg. thiazides) that reduce urate excretion
tophi
crystalline deposit
quality of gout tophi
artiucular (in the joint) or subcutaneous
appear white and chalky and solid and tender - associated with ulceration of overlying skin and inflammation of surrounding joint or soft tissue
CPPD stands for
calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
types of people getting CPPD
usually people over 50, mostly asymptomatic and may be associated with same process that causes DJD (degenerative joint disease)
CPPD treatment
symptom relief only
CPPD appearance
crystals are rhomboid shape
aggregates are less common because they trigger less of a foreign body response
reactive (post infectious) arthritis
immunologically mediated, not due to direct infection of joint
triad of arthritis, nongonococcal urethritis or cervicitis and conjunctivitis
iincludes mono or oligoarticular arthritis to occurs days to weeks after genitourinary (chlamydia) or GI (shigella, salmonella, yersinia, campylobacter and others
how long does reactive arthritis last
usually lasts for up to 6 months, symptoms may recur and if chronic can result in joint fusion and tendon changes
