Cryptography

Question 1

the art and science of secret writing.

Answer 1

Cryptography

Question 2

Cryptography itself is stem from two word of the greek language ____ meaning secret or hidden and ____ means writing

Answer 2

kryptos,graphein

Question 3

The history of cryptography can be divided into three periods

Answer 3

ancient,
modern and contemporary.

Question 4

A Roman Emperor Julius Caesar used the ________, which is also called a
substitution cipher where letters are represented by other letters, in order to secretly
communicate with his family.

Answer 4

Caesar cipher

Question 5

There are records of ancient Greek soldiers using the transposition cipher (a
tool that changes the order of the letters) in 400 B.C.

Answer 5

Scytale cipher

Question 6

He also proposed the Theory of Confusion and
Diffusion, the two basic principles used for the design of a cryptosystem.

Answer 6

Claude Shannon

Question 7

is well known as a cryptographer who broke
the German military’s cipher, Enigma (shown in Figure), and the Japanese
military’s cipher, Purple cipher, during the Second World War.

Answer 7

William Frederick Friedman

Question 8

began in the Stanford University
and MIT in the late 1970s. In their paper, titled “New Directions in Cryptography”,
Diffie and Hellman of the Stanford University presented the concept of a public
key encryption for the first time in 1976

Answer 8

contemporary cryptography

Question 9

Since the 20th century, many studies about cryptography had been
conducted as there were growing needs for code-design and code-breaking
during the First and Second World Wars, thanks to the development of
communication technologies and research on mechanical calculators.

Answer 9

Modern Cryptography