Cryptographic Flashcards
Cryptographic algorithms that use two different keys—
one key to encrypt and another to decrypt.
asymmetric cipher
An authentication protocol that periodically reauthenticates.
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)
When two different inputs into a cryptographic hash produce the same output
collision
function that is one-way (nonreversible), has a fixed length output, and is collision resistant.
cryptographic hash
A pseudo-random number generator is an algorithm used to generate a number that is sufficiently random for cryptographic purposes
PRNG
A table of precomputed hashes used to guess passwords by searching for the hash of a password
rainbow table
Bits added to a hash to make it resistant to rainbow table attacks.
salt
Any cryptographic algorithm that uses the same key to
encrypt and decrypt. DES, AES, and Blowfish are examples.
symmetric cipher
standard that is the most widely used standard for digital
certificates.
X.509
What is the primary organization for maintaining certificates called?
Certificate Autority CA
What is often used to revoke a certificate?
Certificate revocation list CRL
Symmetric encryption algorithm
Block cipher operating on 64-bit blocks
Key lenght of 56 bits
Now considered insecure
DES
Symmetric encryption algorithm
Block cipher operating on 64-bit bock
Effective use of 3 key lenght total of 112 bits
Considered secure
3DES
Symmetric encryption algorithm
Block cipher operating on 128-bit blocks
Key lenght of 128, 192 or 256 bits
Considered secure
AES
Symmetric encryption algorithm
Block cipher operating on 64-bit blocks
Key lenght anywhere between 32 and 448 bits
Not considered secure
Blowfish
Symmetric encryption algorithm Block cipher operating on 128-bit blocks Key length of 128, 192 or 256 bits Considered secure Replacement of Blowfish
Twofish
Symmetric encryption algorithm
Stream cipher
Variable lenght key between 40 bits and 2,048 bits
Not considered secure
RC4
Asymmetric encryption algorithm
Variable lenght key between 1,024 and 4,096 bits
Considered secure
RSA
