Crusting, scaling, erosions and ulceration Flashcards
What causes grass warts and pineal acanthosis/aural plaques?
Papilloma virus
Grass warts are found on the muzzle/face of young horses. Pinnal acanthosis/aural plaques are found in the ears. What is the treatment?
No Tx required
Which bacteria causes rain scald of horses?
Dermatophilus congolensis
Dermatophilosis (Rain scald) is due to chronic moisture or skin damage. How is it diagnosed and treated?
Diagnosed - cytology
Treatment - topical antimicrobials if mild, systemic if severe
What bacteria cause bacterial folliculitis in horses?
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
How is bacterial folliculitis diagnosed and treated?
Dx - cytology
Tx - topical antimicrobials if mild, systemic if severe
Dermatophytosis is ringworm. What two fungi cause it?
Trichophyton
Microsporum
What is the difference between Dermatophytosis and Dermatophilosis?
Dermatophytosis - ringworm (fungal)
Dermatophilosis - rain scald, Dermatophilus congolensi (bacterial)
Photosensitisation is most common in depigmented areas of skin. What are the main causes?
Primary - ingestion of photosensitive agents (St John’s ragwort)
Secondary - liver disease
How is photosensitisation treated?
Identify underlying cause (St Johns Ragwort or liver disease)
Remove agent
What specific skin condition affects the non-pigmented skin on distal limbs?
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis
How is leuokocytoclastic vasculitis diagnosed and treated?
Dx: skin biopsy
Tx: steroids, avoid light
Pastern Dermatitis (‘Greasy heel syndrome’ is very common. What are the risk factors?
Chronic wetting of distal skin
More common in Winter and on white limbs
Draft horses affected
Pemphigus foliaceus causes bilateral and symmetrical skin disease. How is it diagnosed and treated?
Cytology, histopathology
Treat with immunosuppressive drugs
