CRUSTAL DEFORMATION AND MOUNTAINS Flashcards
The Himalayas formed by
collision
Brittle deformation
occurs when many atomic bonds are broken quickly and rock pieces separate.
Which of the following conditions will tend to make rocks change by plastic deformation rather than by brittle deformation?
Slowly applied stress
The North American craton consists of a
shield and platform.
What is the change in shape produced by stress called?
Strain
A series of anticlines and synclines forms as a result of
compression
The structure pictured in the diagram is a(n)
dome
The Andes Mountains are an example of mountains formed by
subduction
The process of mountain belt formation is called
orogeny
A horizontal line on Earth’s surface has a plunge of
0°.
Identify the structure in the image.
Syncline
What type of fault does the diagram show?
Dip-slip fault, normal
Igneous rock can form during mountain building when
flux melting occurs at convergent boundaries.
Stress
generated during orogeny can be different at various locations.
What type of fault does the diagram show?
Left-lateral strike-slip fault
You are trying to determine the type of structure on a geologic map. You note that the oldest rocks are located in the center of the structure. What feature is this?
anticline
Which of these is NOT one of the components of deformation?
dissolution
What type of fault results from tension?
normal
Right-lateral and left-lateral are both examples of __________ faults.
strike-slip
Under which of the following conditions would a body of rock be more likely to exhibit plastic behavior?
high temperature
A body of rock affected by compression will likely undergo
shortening
Folds are most often associated with __________ stress.
compressional
Which of the following occurs when rocks are pulled apart?
tension
Which of the following faults could result from both strike-slip and dip-slip stresses?
An episode of mountain building is termed a(n)
orogeny
A body of rock affected by tension will likely undergo
A fold shaped like an elongated arch is a(n)
syncline
What kind of stress results in the lengthening of rock?
tensional
Tension stress is primarily associated with which type of faults?
Which of the following shows a plunging fold?
C
Normal faults are generally the result of __________ stress.
tensional
Under which condition would a body of rock be most likely to exhibit brittle behavior?
low temperature
The formation of joints in a rock in response to tension is an example of
brittle deformation.
You are trying to determine the type of structure on a geologic map. You note that the youngest rocks are located in the center of the structure. What feature is this?
syncline
Forces that act to elongate the crust are associated with ________.
