Crust, Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Plates

Question 1

Oceanic crust is made out of

Answer 1

Basalt

Question 2

Continental crust is made out of

Answer 2

Granite

Question 3

Oceanic crust covers about _____ of earths surface

Answer 3

2/3

Question 4

Which type of crust is thicker?

Answer 4

Continental

Question 5

Most of earths mass is in the…

Answer 5

Mantle

Question 6

Mantle is mainly composed of

Answer 6

Iron, magnesium and aluminum

Question 7

Core is mostly composed of…

Answer 7

Iron

Question 8

Continental drift theory factors (2)

Answer 8

1. ) The continents fit together like a puzzle

2. ) similarities in rocks in the east coasts of north and South America and west coasts of Africa and Europe

Question 9

The lithosphere contains

Answer 9

The crust and upper mantle

Question 10

Subduction zones

Answer 10

Where two tectonic plates meet and move toward each other, with one sliding underneath and other moving downwards

Question 11

Transform boundaries

Answer 11

Plates slide past each other, the friction from the sliding plates frequently starts earthquakes

Question 12

The San Andreas Fault

Answer 12

Where the pacific and North American plates slide past each other

Question 13

Divergent boundaries

Answer 13

Two plates slide apart from each other

Question 14

Convergent boundaries

Answer 14

Two plates slide towards each other, either forming a subduction zone or mountains

Question 15

Focus

Answer 15

Area where energy is released before an earthquake

Question 16

Epicenter

Answer 16

Directly above the focus

Question 17

Richter scale

Answer 17

Strength and magnitude of an earthquake

Question 18

Body waves and the types

Answer 18

• Travel through the interior of the earth

- Type P and S

Question 19

P waves

Answer 19

Travel through the Earth and are caused by expansion and contraction of bedrock

Question 20

S waves

Answer 20

Travel only within the uppermost layers of Earth

Question 21

Surface waves

Answer 21

Produce swaying motion and are SLOWER than P or S waves. This is what causes ground motion and damage

Question 22

Severity of an earthquake depends on… (3)

Answer 22

1. ) how far below the surface the movement occurred
2. ) the amount of potential energy that had been stored
3. ) the distance the rock mass moved when the energy was released

Question 23

Subduction zone related earthquakes generate…

Answer 23

The majority of all tsunamis

Question 24

Majority of volcanoes occur at…

Answer 24

Subduction zones and mid-oceanic ridges (95%)

Question 25

Gases released from volcanic eruption

Answer 25

-Carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride