Crude Oil & Fuels Flashcards
What is a crude oil?
Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons
Define a hydrocarbon
Hyrdocarbons are chemical compounds that contain the elements carbon and hyrdrogen only
What id an alkane
An alkane are organic compounds ghat consist entirely of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms and lack any other functional groups
What is alkanes general formula
Cn H2n +2
Name the first 4 alkanes
1.methane 2.ethane 3.propane 4.butane
Why is crude oil so important to society
Petrol,electricity,heat
What is a saturated hyrdrocarbon?
Compounds that contain at least a single double or triple bond in their structure
How does the size of the hydrocarbon molecule affect the boiling point?
The boiling point increases as the size of the hyrdocarbon increases
How does the size of the hydrocarbon molecule affect the volatility?
Longer hydrocarbon molecules have a stronger inter molecule force
How is crude oil seperated into fractions?
Fractional distillation
Describe how you would test for the products of complete combustion?
The lime water in the boiling tube will change colour due to carbon dioxide being produced by combustion of the hydrocarbon fuel
What is incomplete combustion ?
When the supply of oxygen or air is poor
What poisonous gas is created by incomplete combustion
Carbon monoxide
What is cracking ?
Cracking is the process of breaking down large hydrocarben molecules into smaller ones using a catalyst
What is an alkene?
A homologous series of hydrocarbons that contain a carbon double bond
How can you test the presence of an alkene?
Bromine water turns clear
What does decane breakdown into when heated with a catalyst write the equation ?
Octane
C10 H22- C8H18+C2H6
What type of reaction is cracking an example of ?
Thermal decomposition
What is alkenes formula
CnH2n
