Crude oil and fuels Flashcards
Main forms of fossil fuels?
Coal, oil and natural gas
Non-renewable means?
non replaceable as they are formed over a very very long time period
How do we create fuels from crude oil?
Fractional distilation
What are the products of fractional distillation?
different length hydrocarbons
As the amount of carbon atoms increases in hydrocarbons, the viscosity?
increases
As the amount of carbon atoms increases in hydrocarbons, the boiling point?
increases
As the amount of carbon atoms increases in hydrocarbons, the flammability?
decreases
As the amount of carbon atoms increases in hydrocarbons, the attraction between molecules?
increases
Formula for Alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What bond does an alkane have?
Covalent
Alkanes in order?
Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6
Propane C3H8
Butane C4H10
How can we shorten hydrocarbons?
Cracking by using heat and a catalyst of clay
What is special about alkenes?
They contain double bonds and are unsaturated
How can we test double bonds?
Mixing with bromine water
Alkenes general formula?
CnH2n
Alkenes in order?
Ethene C2H4
Propene C3H6
Butene C4H8
Pentene C5H10
What are polymers?
We can turn alkenes into polymers by use of the reaction addition polymerisation which is the use of heat and pressure. This is just a long line of alkenes joined.
What is the envirometal problem with polymers?
Polymers are not biodegradable because bacteria cannot break down plastics
