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Chemistry > Crude Oil > Flashcards

Crude Oil Flashcards

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1
Q

Crude oil

A

A mixture of different lengths of hydrocarbons

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2
Q

Hydrocarbon

A

A molecule only made of hydrogen and carbon

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3
Q

How many bonds does carbon have?

A

4

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4
Q

How many bonds does hydrogen have?

A

1

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5
Q

What is the valence shell?

A

The outer shell

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6
Q

Do alkanes have a double bond?

A

No

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7
Q

Do alkenes have a double bond?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Prefix for 1 carbon

A

Meth-

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9
Q

Prefix for 2 carbons

A

Eth-

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10
Q

Prefix for 3 carbons

A

Prop-

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11
Q

Prefix for 4 carbons

A

But-

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12
Q

Prefix for 5 carbons

A

Pent-

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13
Q

How to test for an alkene/ unsaturated bond/ double bond (2)

A

・Add bromine water to the sample (colour = orange)

・If there is an alkene the colour will turn transparent

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14
Q

Does an alkene with 1 carbon exist?

A

No

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15
Q

Process of fractional distillation (5)

A

・A tall column is added with several condensers.
・The machine is hottest at the bottom and coolest at the top
・ Crude oil is added into the bottom of the machine
・The hydrocarbon chains with less carbon atoms rise to the top (lower boiling point)
・When the hydrocarbons condense, they are collected on the side

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16
Q

Flammability

A

How easily something burns

17
Q

Volatility

A

How easily it turns into a gas

18
Q

Viscosity

A

.

19
Q

Products of a complete combustion of a hydrocarbon (2)

A

・Carbon dioxide

・Water

20
Q

Products of an incomplete combustion (ie. not enough oxygen) of a hydrocarbon (3)

A

・ Water
・ Carbon monoxide
・Carbon dioxide

21
Q

Where does cracking take place?

A

In an oil refinery called cracker

22
Q

What does cracking do?

A

Improve the efficiency of making crude oil

23
Q

Methods of cracking (2)

A

Catalytic cracking - uses a zeolite or aluminium oxide based catalyst
・Steam cracking

Chemistry (3 decks)

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