Crude Oil

Question 1

How does industrial fractional distillation separate crude oil?

Answer 1

Crude oil heated and boils(so gas), goes into fractionating column
Temperature is coolest at top, hottest at bottom
Fractions have different condensing point so travel up until they condense

Question 2

What is crude oil?

Answer 2

Mixture of hydrocarbons
Non-renewable fossil fuel
Viscous, black fluid

Question 3

Define viscosity and volatility

Answer 3

Viscosity = how thick a substance is

Volatility = how quickly something changes from liquid to gas

Question 4

What are the fractions of crude oil and their uses?

Answer 4

Petroleum gas - fuel
Gasoline/petrol - car fuel
Kerosene- aircraft fuel
Diesel oil- fuel in diesel
Residue/bitumen- roads and roofing

Question 5

What is cracking and why is it useful?

Answer 5

Process of breaking down long chain molecules into shorter chain molecules
Converts less useful fractions into useful ones that will sell

Question 6

Why do the largest molecules have the highest boiling points?
(And more viscosity)

Answer 6

Strongest intermolecular forces

More energy to break forces so highest boiling point