crude oil

Question 1

crude oil

Answer 1

a mixture of different length hydro carbons

Question 2

hydrocarbon

Answer 2

a molecule that contains hydrogen and carbon atoms onlyyyyyyy

Question 3

what is Crude oil made from

Answer 3

dead marine organisms that have decayed over millions of years in the absence of oxygen

Question 4

how can we separate crude oil

Answer 4

fractional distillation

Question 5

fuel

Answer 5

compound that has stored energy

Question 6

combustion

Answer 6

reacting a fuel with oxygen

Question 7

parital combustion

Answer 7

carbon monoxide and water

Question 8

full combustion

Answer 8

co2 and h2o

Question 9

hydogen as a fuel is used in

Answer 9

Hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel and in hydrogen fuel
cells that are now being utilised to power cars

Question 10

+ and - of hydrogen

Answer 10

Advantages Disadvantages

Produced from
water; therefore, it is
renewable.
Requires large amounts
of electricity to produce
hydrogen from water by
electrolysis.
Water is the only
product of its
combustion so burning
hydrogen does not
contribute towards
global warming or acid
rain.
Storage requires bulky
and heavy pressurised
containers.
It ignites easily. Forms an explosive
mixture with air.

Question 11

what is an alkene

Answer 11

type of hydrocarbon

Question 12

what is an alkane

Answer 12

type of hydrocarbon

Question 13

bond for alkanes
general formula

Answer 13

single bond only and are saturated
c h2n+2
carbon always makes four bonds
hydrogen always make 1 bonds

Question 14

sing all the prefixes

Answer 14

ill start you of……
1 is meth
2 is eth………..

Question 15

alkenes type of bond
general formula

Answer 15

double bond
cn h2n

Question 16

what is the fire triangle

Answer 16

for fire to burn and to continue to brn the must have all three side
oxygen
fuel
heat

Question 17

name the types of fire that oxygen are present in how can we remove this

Answer 17

oil fires
chip pan
electrical

we can remove by
fire blanket
co2 extinguisher

Question 18

name the types of fire that fuel is present in how can we remove this

Answer 18

forest fires
we can remove this by
fire break (the tree is the fuel)

Question 19

name the types of fire that heat is present in how can we remove this

Answer 19

house fire, wood fire,
paper fire

how can we remove this
water

Question 20

does the oxidation of an alcohol cause it to become

Answer 20

carboxylic acid=COOH
c==o
/
o—h

suffix is oic

Question 21

how many bonds does the oxygen in an alcohol make

Answer 21

2

Question 22

what is the general formula for and alcohol

Answer 22

CnH2n+1OH
name ends with ol

Question 23

structural formula for alcohol

Answer 23

o———h
bond

Question 24

what are the 2 methods of making alcohol

Answer 24

fermentation
addition reaction

Question 25

describe fermentation

Answer 25

raw material =sugar from sugar cane
reaction=
C6 H12 O6 (aq) ———–>2C2H5OH (aq)+2CO2(g)
the oporating pressure 1 atm
the type of process requires distillation to separate ethanol form other products has a yeas0
yeast catalyst

Question 26

advantages of frementation

Answer 26

cheap
carbon neutral
renewable

Question 27

disadvantages of fermentation

Answer 27

takes a very long time
requires further separation

Question 28

what happens when the carbon chains become longer

Answer 28

As the carbon chain length of a fraction increases:

the boiling point increases
the viscosity (thickness) increases
the ease of ignition decreases
the colour becomes darker (colourless → yellow → brown)
the cleanliness of burn decreases (more soot is given off by lower fractions).

Question 29

what do the intermolecular forces do to the molecule

Answer 29

intermolecular forces hold the hydrocarbon molecules together. As the hydrocarbon chains get longer, the intermolecular forces become stronger. This means that more energy is needed to overcome them in order for melting or boiling to occur in longer hydrocarbon chains