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Restoration England > Crown, parliament, plots and court life > Flashcards

Crown, parliament, plots and court life Flashcards

1
Q

What year was the English Civil War fought? Who fought it?

A

1642-48. Fought between the Royalists + Parliamentarians

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2
Q

What was the Divine Right of Kings?

A

The belief that the monarch was chosen by God to to be King, therefore he should make his own decisions.

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3
Q

Who won the civil war?

A

Parliamentarian forces

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4
Q

In what year was Charles I executed?

A

1649

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5
Q

What was a rump parliament?

A

It consisted of the remaining MPs who were governing England when it became a Commonwealth.

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6
Q

In what year was Parliament disbanded?

A

1653

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7
Q

What title did Oliver Cromwell give himself to rule over the Protectorate?

A

Lord Protector

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8
Q

What years did Charles II spend in exile?

A

1646-60

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9
Q

What year did Oliver Cromwell die? What happened to his body?

A

Died in 1658. He was buried normally however, when Charles 11 became King his body was dug out of his grave; head was executed from body and displayed.

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10
Q

What year did the restoration of the monarchy take place?

A

1660

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11
Q

What was the Long Parliament?

A

Consisted of MPs who had been forced out in 1648. Many of them accepted the idea of a monarchy.

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12
Q

When did Charles II reign from?

A

It was backdated to 1649; when his father was executed

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13
Q

What was the Declaration of Breda?

A

Consisted of promises Charles made in order for him to be able to return.

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14
Q

What was the Act of Indemnity and Oblivion?

A

A law that promised those who fought against Charles 1 would not be prosecuted.

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15
Q

What is a regicide?

A

A person who played a key part in Charles 1 trial and execution who was then arrested and put to death.

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16
Q

What three problems did Charles II face when he was restored to the throne?

A

The fact that there were religious +political divisions in the country. Also, Parliament was now more powerful than it had previously been therefore Charles 11 was forced to listen/take its advice. Money/religion/foreign policy.

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17
Q

What was the Convention Parliament? What year was it?

A

A split between Royalists + Parliamentarians. Ran from 1660-61

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18
Q

What was the Clarendon Ministry? What years?

A

New gov ran by Lord Clarendon

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19
Q

What was the Triennial Act? What year was it passed?

A
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20
Q

What is ‘Cabal’?

A
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21
Q

What was the Danby ministry?

A
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22
Q

Who were the Whigs?

A
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23
Q

Who were the Tories?

A
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24
Q

What were the Exclusion Parliaments?

A
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25
Who was the Earl of Clarendon?
26
Who was the Earl of Danby?
27
Who was James, Duke of York?
28
What kind of things contributed to economic problems?
29
Give two examples of unpopular tax.
30
Give an example of a Conformist.
31
Give examples of non-conformists.
32
What was the Declaration of Indulgence? What year?
33
What was the Clarendon Code?
34
What was the second Declaration of Indulgence and what happened to it?
35
In what year were the Dutch victorious in the Battle of Medway?
36
When and what was the Treaty of Dover?
37
In what year did James, Duke of York become Catholic? Why was this a worry?
38
Why was France posing a threat of Catholicism?
39
What happened in August 1678?
40
What and when was the Popish Plot?
41
What and when was the Rye House Plot?
42
Who was Titus Oates?
43
Why was there a succession problem?
44
When and what was the First Exclusion Bill?
45
When was the Second Exclusion Parliament held?
46
When did the Third Exclusion Parliament meet? What did it say?
47
Who was Lord Shaftesbury?
48
What years did Charles rule without parliament ?
49
Who might succeed Charles II on the throne?
50
What was Charles II nickname?
51
What had life been like during the Interregnum years?
52
Why was Charles II’s nickname ‘the Merry Monach’
53
What does patronage mean?
54
Give examples of the Kings ministers
55
What is a rake?
56
Who was Catherine of Braganza
57
Where was the centre for court affairs?
58
What does Baroque mean?
59
How was Charles a leader in fashion?
60
Why did Charles image matter? What did he do to create a good image of himself?
61
When was the Great Plague of 1665?
62
What was the bubonic plague ?
63
What was a bill of mortality?
64
What did people believe caused the plague in 1665?
65
What sort of measures were put in place to combat the plague?
66
What effects did the plague have on the population?
67
What effect did the plague have on the economy?
68
What effect did the plague have on medical ideas?
69
What effect did the plague have on opinion?
70
When was the Great Fire of London?
71
How do we think it began?
72
Why did the fire spread so quickly?
73
Who was Samuel Pepys?
74
How much of the city did the fire destroy?
75
What were some consequences of the fire?
76
Why were Wren and Evelyn's plans to rebuild London not carried out?
77
Who or what did people blame for the fire?
78
What was the relationship shared between Charles II and theatres?
79
List 5 facts about theatres in Restoration England
80
What was the relationship shared between women and the theatre?
81
Who was Nell Gwynne?
82
WHo was Aphra Behn?
83
What were typical features of Restoration comedies?
84
Give two theatre companies that were given patents by Charles II
85
What were the expectations for women?
86
What role did women play in the home?
87
How did women become involved in politics?
88
How did women become involved in business?
89
How did women become involved in the arts?
90
How did women become involved in medicine?
91
What was the Royal Society?
92
why did coffee houses become meeting places?
93
What did Charles II think about coffee houses?
94
Who was Robert Hooke?
95
Who was Robert Boyle?
96
5 reasons why you might visit a coffee house?
97
Who was Christopher Wren?
98
What influenced Wren?
99
list 5 facts about the Royal Observatory.
100
Who was John Flamsteed?
101
Three instruments found in the Royal Observatory
102
Why was Tangier in North Africa important?
103
Why was Bombay in India important?
104
What happened in 1664 with regard to Englands territory?
105
why did people settle in Massachusetts Bay?
106
What did Quakers do in 1681
107
What did Charles do in 1663 in regard to Carolina?
108
What was the Hudson Bay Company trading? What year was it set up?
109
what is a letter of marque
110
In what year did England capture Jamaica from the Spanish?
111
Who was Captain Henry Morgan?
112
How did trade with colonies impact Restoration England?
113
Name 5 English colonies?
114
List 6 products that were imported from the colonies
115
What is mercantilism
116
What was the triangular trade
117
What products were in demand?
118
What were the Navigation Acts?
119
What years were the Navigation Acts passed?
120
What was the impact of the Navigation Acts?
121
How were Privateers different to pirates?
122
Why did smuggling become common?
123
Name four European countries that had over-seas colonies
124
List 6 exotic products that England imported from its colonies
125
Why did Europeans believe that they were justified in enslaving people?
126
Why did Europeans want to enslave people?
127
In what year was the Company of Royal Adventurers Trading In Africa established and what was it?
128
What products were taken to Africa?
129
Where were captured African people taken?
130
What was the Middle Passage?
131
What did enslaved people do?
132
Which ports in England were important to the slave trafe?
133
What was Abraham Crowley?
134
What was the impact of the slave trade?
135
Who benefitted from the trade in enslaved people?
136
why was a navy important?
137
Who was Lord High Admiral - until what year? Why did he get replaced and who by?
138
Who was Chief Secretary to the Admiralty?
139
What does press-ganged mean?
140
What was the Blue Water Policy?
141
What was the line of battle or line ahead?
142
When was the First Anglo-Dutch War?
143
What happened in 1663?
144
What happened in 1664?
145
When did Charles declare war on the Netherlands?
146
Describe the Battle of Lowestoft.
147
Why was it difficult to supply the ships?
148
When did France join the war? For what side?
149
How did the Second Dutch War end? Start from the Four Day Battle.
150
When did peace negotiations begin?
151
What was the Treaty of Breda? what year?
152
When was the Third Dutch war?
153
When was the Treaty of Dover signed? What was it?
154
What happned at the Battle in Schoonveld Channel and the Battle of Texel?
155
When was the treaty of Westminster signed?
156
Name four leaders of the English navy during the Dutch wars?
157
Name two battles won by the English
158
Name four campaigns the Dutch won
159
Why did Parliament disagree with Charles on the Dutch?
160
Why did England suffer defeat during the Dutch wars?
161
5 facts about Spain during the time
162
What was the Treaty of Madrid and what year?
163
What was the relationship like between England and Spain?
164
What was the relationship like between England and France?
165
What was the Treaty of Dover and in what year was it signed?
166
What was the Treaty of Germaine-en-Laye and what year?
167
What led to Charles proroguing Parliament?
168
Why were MP's worries about Charles relationship with France?
169
Why did worries increase in 1685?
170
four ways in which Charles was closely connected with France

Restoration England (1 decks)

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