Croup, PIV, RSV

Question 1

Croup presentation

Answer 1

Fever, hoarseness, barking cough

Children 6-18

Question 2

Croup Etiology

Answer 2

PIV 1 > PIV 2&raquo_space;> RSV

Creates tracheal constriction of vocal cords

Question 3

Parainfluenza virus

Answer 3

Paramyxovirus

RSV, measles, mumps

Question 4

PIV agent

Answer 4

Paramyxovirus, NONSEGMENTED, enveloped, 4 serotypes

Question 5

PIV clinical manifestations

Answer 5

Respiratory tract
Replication in epithelial cells
2-6 day incubation
Harsh cough, rhinitis, sore throat, SOB

Question 6

most common cause of croup

Answer 6

PIV infection, usually type 1

Question 7

Croup X-ray

Answer 7

Steeple sign

Question 8

Parainfluenza virus epidemiology

Answer 8

Seasonal (fall-winter) upsurge in types 1 and 2

Lifelong immunity is NOT observed

Question 9

Dx and Tx of PIV

Answer 9

Direct viral isolation from throat swabs
Direct FAB test
Supportive Tx
No vaccine

Question 10

RSV presentation

Answer 10

Annual winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in infants, disease may be severe

Question 11

RSV clinical manifestations

Answer 11

Cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, croup maybe

Question 12

What causes Sxs of RSV

Answer 12

Inflammatory response to infection

IgE, T cells

Question 13

RSV dx and tx

Answer 13

Rapid antigen tests 
Nucleic acid tests
Serology (meh)
Monoclonal immune globulin is available for high risk pts
Ribavirin

Question 14

RSV epidemiology

Answer 14

Annual outbreaks each winter
Birth season 3-4 months before RSV season is the worst
Peak incidence is infants under 1 y/o

Question 15

M/c etiology of lower respiratory tract infection in pts under 4

Answer 15

RSV