Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CT > Cross sectional anatomy and pathology > Flashcards

Cross sectional anatomy and pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what is a tumor

A

abnormal growth of tissues. can be malignant or benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is cancer

A

uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is carcinogenesis?

A

development of cancer in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a primary cancer?

A

malignant neoplasm which originated in the organ in which it is growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is metastatic cancer?

A

cancer that has spread from the place where it originated to another place in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is inflammation

A

an accumulation of fluid in the tissues of an organ or body structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a hematoma

A

accumulation to blood outside of a blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a laceration

A

a tear in the body of the organ and results in a hematoma and infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what dose infarction mean

A

loss of blood supply to an organ or region of tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a cyst

A

abnormal sac-like structure filled with fluid, gas, or semi-solids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is an aneurysm

A

abnormal enlargement of a blood vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does a suture stand for

A

joint between 2 cranial bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sagittal suture runs from the _________ to ________ while separating the ___________

A

frontal bones, occipital bone
right and left parietal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

coronal suture divides the

A

frontal and parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lambdoidal suture divides the

A

occipital and parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sphenoid bone touches

A

every cranial bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sella turcica houses

A

the pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a skull fracture

A

break in the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the most common type of skull fracture

A

linear skull fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a depressed skull fracture

A

fracture that “caves into cranial cavity” is comminuted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a basilar skull fracture and what is it associated with

A

type of linear fracture at the base of the skull and is associated with tears in dura mater and CFS leaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a ping pong skull fracture

A

greenstick fracture where the bones is bent and not broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is a zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture

A

separation of zygomatic bone or zygoma from the rest of the face, maxillary sinus and wall of orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is a Lefort fracture

A

“floating face” fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

meningiomas:
benign or malignant?
location?

A

benign
periphery of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

pituitary adenomas:
location?
effects?
benign or malignant?

A

pituitary gland
causes distress and hormonal imbalances
benign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Acoustic neuromas:
AKA
benign or malignant
location

A

acoustic schwannomas or vestibular schwannomas
benign
located on the schwann cells of the vestibule portion of the 8th cranial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Astrocytomas:
aka
benign or malignant

A

glioblastomas
malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

medulloblastomas:
benign or malignant
location

A

malignant
presents as midline masses on roof of 4th ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Subdural hemorrhage:
appears as

A

new or coagulated blood on the surface of the brain that follows the contour of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

epidural hemorrhage:
appears as

A

crescent shaped blood on the surface of the brain that protrudes inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

bleeding around the circle of willis caused by ruptured aneurysm

34
Q

intercranial hemorrhage

A

hemorrhagic stroke

35
Q

what is a stroke

A

loss of brain functions sue to a disturbance in the blood flow to the brain

36
Q

what is an ischemic stroke

A

limited blood flow, thrombosis, embolism, or stenosis

37
Q

what is a hemorrhagic stroke caused by

A

intracranial bleeding, ruptured vessel

38
Q

What is an arterial venous malformation

A

artery grows directly into vein. looks like a web

39
Q

brain Abscess:
what is it
aka
appears as

A

localized infection
cerebritis
appears as walled rim-enhancing cavity filled with fluid or gas

40
Q

encephalitis:
what is it
appears as

A

inflammation of the brain
appears as localized or diffuse areas of inflammation

41
Q

meningitis:
what is it
appears as

A

inflammation of meninges
appears as localized or diffuse areas of inflammation

42
Q

hydrocephalus
what is it
appears as

A

abnormal CSF volume
appears as excessive CSF accumulation in the ventricles

43
Q

arachnoid cyst

A

abnormal sac of CSF

44
Q

Pulmonary metastasis
looks like

A

multiple enhancing tumors throughout the lungs

45
Q

primary lung cancer:
looks like

A

single enhancing lesion

46
Q

pneumonia:
what is it?
looks like?

A

infection in the lungs
visualized as poorly defined fluid collections

47
Q

Tuberculosis:
what is it?
looks like?

A

lung infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
visualized like pneumonia, may cause cavity formation

48
Q

emphysema:
what is it?
looks like?

A

destruction and enlargement of air spaces
looks like hyperventilation and abnormal “blebs”

49
Q

interstitial lung disease:
what is it?
looks like?

A

scarring and deformation of lung tissue
looks like emphysema through the lungs

50
Q

what is the pleural cavity?

A

space between the lungs and ribs filled with a tiny bit of fluid to reduce friction

51
Q

pleural effusion:
what is it?
looks like?

A

fluid in pleural cavity
looks like fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity

52
Q

Hemothorax:
what is it?
look like?

A

blood in pleural cavity
looks like pleural effusion but associated with trauma

53
Q

pneumothorax:
what is it?
looks like?

A

air in the pleural cavity
looks like air in pleural cavity with no lung markings

54
Q

pericardial effusion:
what is it

A

excess fluid in the pericardial sac

55
Q

cardiomegaly:
what is it?
Causes?

A

enlarged heart
CHF, Hypertension, vascular disease

56
Q

myxoma:
what is it?
looks like?

A

benign tumor in heart
appears as filling defect in left atrium

57
Q

pulmonary embolism:
what is it?
looks like?

A

blood clot from pulmonary arteries
looks like filling deffect

58
Q

Coronary artery disease
what is it?
evaluation method?

A

progressive narrowing to coronary arteries
common to evaluate vessels by creating cured reformats so vessels are all in one plane

59
Q

Crohn’s disease
what is it?
appears as?

A

idiopathic inflammation of bowel
appears as thickening of the bowel walls and fat stranding

60
Q

bowel obstruction
what is it?
appears as?

A

occlusion of bowel
appears as bowel dilation

61
Q

Colorectal cancer:
what is it?
looks like?

A

carcinoma of the large bowel
appears as a mass growing on bowel wall

62
Q

Colitis:
what is it?
appears as?

A

inflammation of the large bowel
appears as bowel thickening

63
Q

Appendicitis:
what is it?
look like?

A

inflammation of appendix
appears as inflammation in RLQ

64
Q

Primary liver cancer:
enhancement phase?
appears as?

A

arterial
appears as an enhancing lesion

65
Q

metastatic liver cancer:
enhancement phase?
appears as?

A

venous phase
multiple enhancements that originate from outside the liver

66
Q

liver hemangioma:
what is it?
enhancement phase?

A

benign vascular tumor
delayed phase enhancement

67
Q

liver laceration:
what is it?
appears as?

A

tear (fracture) through liver tissue
appears as abnormal contrast enhancement following trauma

68
Q

spleen laceration:
what it it?
appears as?

A

tear or fracture through the spleen tissue
appears as abnormal contrast enhancement following trauma

69
Q

spleen lymphoma:
what is it?
looks like?

A

lymphoma lesions in the spleen
appears as low intensity tumors

70
Q

pancreatitis:
what is it?
appears?

A

inflammation of the pancreas
looks like pancreas enlargement with reactive fluid (ascites) or stranding

71
Q

pancreatic cancer:
what is it?
appears as?

A

ductal adenocarcinoma
appears as low intensity mass in pancreatic head

72
Q

polycystic kidney disease
what is it?
look like?

A

many cysts on kidney

73
Q

Wilms tumor
what is it?
target audience?
looks like?

A

malignant kidney mass
mostly children
mass is very large and unilateral

74
Q

renal laceration

A

tear or fracture in tissues due to trauma

75
Q

spine compression fractures

A

collapsed vertebral body

76
Q

spine subluxation

A

slight dislocation or misalignment of vertebrae

77
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

forward slipping of a vertebrae to the vertebrae below it

78
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of the spinal canal as a result of various causes

79
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

autoimmune condition that causes inflammation and union of spine

80
Q

spina bifida

A

incomplete closure of the vertebral canal
spinal nerves may or not hernia through the opening

81
Q

tethered cord
what is it?
looks like?

A

abnormal tissue attachments of the spinal cord
visualized as extension of the conus medullaris below L2

82
Q
A

CT (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions