Cross Cultural Unit 1 Flashcards
Culture
any kind of information that is acquired from other members of one’s species through social learning that can influence an individual’s behaviors
Cultures change over time due to new habits and behaviors some things that change cultures include what?
o Each person inherits different temperament
o Each person belongs to a certain collection of various social groups
o Each person has individual history and experiences
General Psychology
assumes that the mind operates according to a set of natural and universal laws that are independent from context or content
Nonuniversal
particular psychological process can be said to not exist in all cultures.
Existential universal
exist in all cultures, although the process is not necessarily used to solve the same problems, nor is it equally accessible across cultures.
Functional Universal
psychological processes that exist in all cultures, are used to solve the same problems across cultures, yet are more accessible to people from some cultures than others
Accessibility Universal
exists in all cultures, is used to solve the same problems across cultures and is accessible to the same degree across cultures
WEIRD societies
Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic
Muller-Lyer illusion
picture left line looks longer than right, but they are the same length. This photo is seen differently throughout different cultures
Color-blind approach
hope that people will interact with each other without giving too much attention to someone’s ethnic or cultural background.
Multicultural approach
opposite of color-blind approach, people strongly identify with their groups. Can be positive or negatively used against people.
Ethnocentrism
judging people from other cultures by standard of one’s own culture
Proximate causes
an event which is closest to, or immediately responsible for causing, some observed result.
Distal causes
explanation of human social behavior by considering the larger context in which individuals carry out their actions.
- Certain places had more accessibility due to location and good relations with neighboring countries
Evoked Culture
idea that all people, regardless of where they are from, have a biological behavior that are assessable to them
Transmitted culture
people learn certain practices by observation and social learning
- Cultural evolution requires that certain ideas be passed onto others, and cultures change when new ideas are widely shared
Dynamic social impact theory
states that individuals influence each other though interacting, ultimately leading to clusters of like-minded people
Minimally counterintuitive ideas
may imply a breach of few (one or two) properties related to a certain ontological category such as persons, animals, plants, natural objects, or artifacts
Methodological equivalence
the concern which making sure participants from different cultures understand the research questions or situations in equivalent ways