Crop Production and Management Flashcards

1
Q

In order to provide food for a large population we need _________

A
  1. Regular production
  2. Proper management
  3. Distribution
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2
Q

How was Agriculture introduced or born ?

A

Till 10,1000 B.C.E. people were nomadic. They were wandering from place to place in search of food and shelter. They ate raw fruits and vegetables and hunted animals for food. Later they found that they could cultivate land and produce crops like rice, wheat etc.
This is how agriculture was born

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3
Q

What is crop ?

A

When plants of the same kind are cultivated in one place on a large scale is called a crop

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4
Q

What is Kharif Crops?

A

The crops which are grown in the rainy season

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5
Q

Name a few kharif crops.

A

paddy, maize, groundnut, cotton, soyabean

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6
Q

What is rabi crops

A

The crops that are grown in winter season

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7
Q

Name few rabi crops

A

linseed, pea, mustard, wheat, gram

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8
Q

Why paddy cannot be grown in the rainy season

A

Paddy requires lot of water

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9
Q

What are the agriculture practice

A
  1. Preparation of soil
  2. Sowing
  3. Adding manure and fertilisers
  4. Irrigation
  5. Protecting from weeds
  6. Harvesting
  7. Storage
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10
Q

Why do we need to loosen the soil

A

We are loosening the soil because:-
- this allows roots to penetrate deep inside into the soil
- It also helps to allow the root to breathe easily
- It helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes
- Brings the nutrient-rich soil to the top so that plants can use these nutrients

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11
Q

___________________ is the first step before growing the soil

A

Preparation of soil

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12
Q

the process of loosening and turning of the soil is called ___________ or ____________ .

A

tilling or ploughing

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13
Q

_____________ the field is beneficial for sowing and irrigation

A

Levelling

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14
Q

Levelling is done by _______

A

leveller

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15
Q

What are the three main tools used for ploughing ?

A

Plough, hoe, cultivator

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16
Q

Which tool was used since ancient times for tilling the soil

A

Plough

17
Q

Plough contains a triangular iron strip called ?

A

ploughshare

18
Q

What is the main part of the plough

A

plough shaft ( a long log of wood)

19
Q

PLOUGHSHAFT ?

A

it is a long log of wood
there is a handle at one end of the shaft
the other end is attached to beam which is placed on bull’s neck

20
Q

Describe how hoe works like.

A

a strong, broad, and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. It is pulled by animals

21
Q

Before sowing what should be done

A

Before sowing, we need to check whether they are good, clean, and healthy seed

22
Q

Is damaged seed lighter or heavier

A

lighter

23
Q

Explain how the traditional tool of sowing works.

A

-It is shaped like a funnel
-The seeds are filled into the funnel
-Then the seeds passed down through two or three pipes
-These pipes have sharp ends
-These sharp-end pierce into the soil and place seeds there

24
Q

Why is sowing important

A

Because sowing helps to get sufficient sunlight, nutrients and water from the soil

25
Q

What is manure and fertilizers ?

A

The substances which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients for healthy growing plants are called manure and fertilizers

26
Q

What is manuring?

A

The process of adding manure to soil to replenish is called manuring

27
Q

What is manure ?

A

Manure is an organic substance obtained from the decomposition of plants and animal waste

28
Q

Name few fertilizers

A

urea
NPK (Nitrogen Phosphorous Potassium )
ammonium sulphate
potash
super phosphate

29
Q

Name some disadvantaged of fertilisers

A
  • if we use excessive amounts of fertilizers, the soil will become less fertile
  • it became a source of water pollution
30
Q

What is crop rotation ?

A

Cultivating the different crops alternately

31
Q

Differentiate between manure and fertilizers

A
  1. Fertiliser is man-made organic whereas, manure is a natural substance
  2. Fertiliser is prepared in factories whereas, manure is prepared in the fields
    3, Fertilizer does not provide any humus to the soil whereas, manure provides a lot of humus to the soil
  3. Fertilisers are very rich in plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium whereas, manure is less rich in plant nutrients
32
Q

Write some Advantages of Manure.

A
  • It enhances the water-holding capacity of the soil
  • It makes the soil porous due to which the exchange of gasses becomes easy
  • It increases the number of friendly microbes
  • It improves the texture of the soil
33
Q

Water protects the crop from _______ and ________ currents

A

frost and hot air currents

34
Q

Define irrigation

A

The supply of water to the plants at regular intervals is called irrigation

35
Q

Name some sourced of irrigation

A

tubewells, wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams and canals

36
Q

What are the two methods of irrigation

A
  1. Sprinkler system
  2. Drip system
37
Q

Write some points about Sprinkler systems

A
  • This system is more useful on even land where sufficient water is not available
  • The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top are joined to the main pipe
  • When water is allowed to pass through the main pipe under the pressure
    It escapes from the rotating nozzle
  • Then it is sprinkled to plants
38
Q

Write some points about the drip system

A

in this system, water falls drop by drop near the roots

39
Q
A