CRM 2307 Midterm 1 Flashcards
Define intersectionality
The theory developed by Kimberlé Crenshaw (1989) to explain how different forms of discrimination intersect to create experiences of oppression. It emphasizes that race, gender, class, and other identity categories do not operate independently.
Explain Christianity and Capitalism
These systems of oppression work together to perpetuate inequalities by gender, race, and class
What is Patriarchy?
A system of social organization where men hold power and women are subordinated. Patriarchy endorses male power in politics, the workplace, and at home.
What is Sexism/Misogyny?
Discrimination based on gender, a key component of patriarchy. Misogyny is a more extreme form of sexism characterized by hatred or contempt for women.
What is Racism?
Belief in the superiority of one race over others, often manifesting in social, economic, and political systems that advantage white people and disadvantage people of color.
What is Abelism?
Discrimination based on disability, where able-bodied individuals are considered the norm and those with disabilities are marginalized.
What is Neoliberalism?
Economic philosophy prioritizing free markets, deregulation, and reduced government intervention. Neoliberal policies disproportionately harm marginalized women by cutting social services and promoting individual responsibility.
What is Colonialism?
The historical and ongoing process of domination where one group of people asserts control over another, often justifying violence and oppression through racist and sexist ideologies.
Explain Stereotypes of Indigenous Women
Indigenous women were portrayed as either the hypersexualized as an “Indian princess” and leading to their victimization in society.
What happened between the 15th-18th Century?
Witch Hunts: Women were persecuted, often under the guise of Christian morality, for violating gender norms.
What happened between the 16th-19th Century?
Colonialism and Slavery: Women, particularly Black women, were subjected to rape, and forced labor. Their reproductive systems were controlled by the colonizers.
Housekeepers and Caregivers: Patriarchy, capitalism, and racism combined to restrict women’s access to education and political power, while relegating them to low-paying, domestic roles.
What happened during the first feminist wave? (1848-1920)
Focused on legal rights such as the right to vote, divorce, and own property.
Key Event: The Seneca Falls Convention (1848) and the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920, granting women suffrage.
What happened during the second feminist wave? (1960s-1980s)
Focused on workplace rights, reproductive rights, and sexual liberation, along with ending discrimination in social institutions.
Key Issues: Equal pay, workplace equality, reproductive rights (e.g., birth control), and anti-discrimination legislation.
What happened during the third feminist wave? (1990s-2010s)
Rejected the essentialism of earlier feminist movements and broadened the focus to include race, class, and sexuality.
Emphasized intersectionality and the diversity of women’s experiences, addressing how these intersecting factors shape oppression
What happened during the fourth feminist wave? (2010s-present)
Leverages technology and social media to fight sexual harassment, violence, and body shaming (e.g., #MeToo Movement).
Focus: Intersectionality, body positivity, and online activism.
