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CRJU 4400 > CRJU > Flashcards

CRJU Flashcards

1
Q

Forensic is what kind of evidence

A

Direct- proof of an actual thing
Circumstantial- Indirect evidence

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2
Q

What cases are solved by CIU

A

missing persons

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3
Q

BPA used to be classified as what

A

Velocity

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4
Q

BCI jursidiction

A

Bci is not a political subidivision such as city, country, or township
no jursidiction to investigate crimes indepently

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5
Q

GSR contains:

A

Lead
Antimony,
and Barium

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6
Q

Synoxide-

A

Diffused primer mixture for small caliber ammunitions

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7
Q

What does primer do in a modern cartridge

A

initiates the propellent combustion that will propel the projectiles out of the barrell

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8
Q

What can effect the GSR cloud

A

This cloud can be affected by air currents as well as blocked by physical objects

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9
Q

Gsr size

A

Particle sized

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10
Q

how does GSR get on you

A

from either being the person who fired the gun or, by contact with someone or another object with GSR on it

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11
Q

What case extended daubert to non scientific evidence

A

kuhmo tire v. carmicheal

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12
Q

worst kind of error

A

false positive

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13
Q

SEMEDS

A

Scanning electron microscope
Can be used to image the particles an also determine their elemental composition

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14
Q

what is the purpose of a expert witness

A

provide their expertise in legal proceedings to assit the court in understanding

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15
Q

What are the marks that are produced by random imperfections in manufaturing as what

A

individual chracteristics

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16
Q

Class chracteristics

A

measurable features on a specimen indicate restricted group

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17
Q

criminal intelligence analyst

A

analyzes data to identify patterns and predict where crimes occur

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18
Q

4th amendment

A

protects from unreasonable search and seizure

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19
Q

why does forensic science require a expert

A

educating the jury

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20
Q

eyewitness

A

someone who saw the crime and does not require a expert to confirm

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21
Q

incorrect identification

A

75%-85% of false convictions were based on incorrect eyewitness identification

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22
Q

BPA

A

blood pattern analysis
requires math physics biology and extensive training

23
Q

BPAs first use

A

first used in 1895 at University of Krakow

24
Q

BPA from gunshot

A

forward spatter is exit wound
backward spatter is the entrance wound

25
Q

passive blood pattern

A

created when blood falls with no outside force on the blood other than gravity

26
Q

arterial spurting

A

when the blood is pumped up to 18 feet away from the body

27
Q

angle a blood drop fell

A

angle of impact, arcin (stain width/Stain length)

28
Q

What does R>C> 2933.83 require for photo identification

A

photo lineup

29
Q

how often do eye witnesses get it wrong

A

52%

30
Q

how can police lineups improve

A
  • suspect doesnt stand out
  • less pressure
  • informing suspect might not be in the current lineup
31
Q

Expert when doing a jury trial should look at

A

jury

32
Q

to access a phone what does officer need

A

search warrant

33
Q

what consititutional provison controls search warrants

A

4th amendment

34
Q

legal mechanism to put before a court a prelimnary issue about admisson of evidence

A

motion in limine

35
Q

what is the standard applied by a court of appeals to evidentary decisons or trial judge

A

substantial evidence standard

36
Q

search warrant requirements

A

probable cause
signed by judge
not broad and specific

37
Q

geoface warrant

A

provides location history data from devices in a certain area
broad

38
Q

touchstone of the fourth amendment

A

reasonableness

39
Q

daubert

A

created because of brith defects in children cause by a anti nasuea drug (benectin)

40
Q

gatekeepers and the first case

A

dauber v merrell dow pharmesuticals

41
Q

evidence rule created in 1975 to rule admission of expert testimony

A

evidence rule 702

42
Q

CSI effect

A

gives jurors the wrong idea about the system

43
Q

bllod fall

A

90 degree drop is the roundest and as degrees decrease the drop elogates out

44
Q

abuse of discretion

A

standard of review used by appellate courts to review decison in lower courts

45
Q

OIP

A

works with factually and morally innocent
either presenting new evidence on the case by presening consitionual claims

46
Q

How to improve eyewitness identification

A
  • Double blind lineups
  • Sequential lineups
  • Getting witness’ statements at the time of the identification
  • Probable cause before the lineup
  • Educating police officers, juries, and judges about the problems involving eyewitness
    identifications
47
Q

problems with eye witness identification

A

Lighting conditions
* The witness’ eyesight
* Length of time viewing the person or event
* Length of time between the event and the actual identification
(Similar to factors affecting transference of evidence with regards to Locard’s theory of
transference)

48
Q

OIP helps people by presenting what 2 things

A

New Evidence- evidence of innocence that could not have been discovered
at the time of trial (i.e., evidence that someone else committed the crime)
● Constitutional Claims- i.e., evidence of innocence that the prosecutor
didn’t turn over to the defense (Brady) OR evidence that the defense
attorney didn’t effectively represent the person (Strickland)

49
Q

causes of wrongful convictions

A
  • forensics
  • official misconduct
  • eyewitness misidentification
  • false confessions
  • jailhouse informants
    inaffective assistance of council
50
Q

Where is the confrontation clause found?

A

6th amendment

51
Q

What constitutional amendment states that a person has the right to confront witnesses?

A

6th amendment

52
Q

passive blood stain

A

transfer
drops
flow
large volume

53
Q

spatter

A

impact
secondary
projection
gunshots

54
Q

altered

A

clotted
diluted
diffused
insects
sequenced
voids

CRJU 4400 (2 decks)

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