CRJ CFM Ch.2 Limitations Flashcards
RVSM Required Equipment
Autopilot
Altitude Alerting System
Altitude Reporting Transponder
-2 installed, one must be operational
Air Data Computers (2), both operational
Flight Deck Door Limitation
The flight deck door must be kept closed and locked at all times during flight except to permit access and egress in accordance with the FOM and CFM.
Flight Deck Door Opening Procedure (In-Flight)
Any time the flight deck door is opened in flight, a challenge and response closing and locking verification must be used to verify the door is closed and locked.
Required Crew Leaving Flight Deck Limitation
Any time one of the required flight crew leaves the flight deck, another crewmember must be present in the flight deck to ensure that the required crewmember is not locked out of the flight deck.
CRJ700 Approach Category
C
CRJ900 Approach Category
D
-C if performing an operation with Reduced Landing Reference Speed.
What would indicated stricter, company policy?
Items that are preceded by company or followed by “Company” are more restrictive, company imposed limitations.
Items with a ____________, shaded box are _______________ that affect aircraft operations. Pilots must be familiar with them and be able to recall from memory.
Double Lines
Limitations
Kinds of Operations
Certificated in transport category
Day and Night
VFR and IFR
Flight in icing conditions
Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW) CRJ700
75,250lbs
Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW) CRJ900
85,000lbs
Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) CRJ700
75,000lbs
Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) CRJ900
84,500lbs
Maximum Landing Weight (MLW) CRJ700
67,000lbs
Maximum Landing Weight (MLW) CRJ900
75,100lbs
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW) CRJ700
62,300lbs
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW) CRJ900
70,750lbs
Minimum Flight Weight CRJ700
42,000lbs
Minimum Flight Weight CRJ900
45,000lbs
Note about MTOW and MLW….
The MTOW and MLW may be further limited due to performance considerations.
Aft Cargo Compartment Limit
3,650lbs (company)
CRJ900 Fwd Cargo Limit
1,700lbs
CRJ700 Fwd Cargo Limit
1,000lbs
Max Cruising Speed in RVSM CRJ700
.83 Mach
Max Cruising Speed in RVSM CRJ900
.82 Mach
Turbulence Penetration Speed
280 KIAS/.75M, whichever is lower
Maximum Tailwind Component for T/O and Landing
10 knots, both fleets
Maximum Crosswind Components for Takeoff DRY RUNWAY
CRJ900 - 35kts
CRJ700 - 28kts
Maximum Crosswind Components for Landing DRY RUNWAY (Company)
CRJ900 - 32kts
CRJ700 - 30kts
Maximum Allowable Crosswind Component for Takeoff and Landing WET RUNWAY (Company)
27 knots
Maximum Allowable Crosswind Component for takeoff and landing on a runway when the Runway Condition Code is “3” (company)
20 knots
Maximum Allowable Crosswind Component for takeoff and landing on a runway when the Runway Condition Code is “2” or “1” (company)
15 knots
Maximum Allowable Crosswind Component for takeoff and landing on a DRY runway for a crewmember on a high minimums status (company)
25 knots
15 knots SIC
Does AeroData AOC consider (company) wind limitations?
No!
Maximum Airport Pressure Altitude for Takeoff and Landing
8,000ft Takeoff and Landing
Maximum Operating Altitude
41,000ft
Maximum Ambient Air Temperature Approved for Takeoff and Landing
ISA + 35 degrees C
Minimum Ambient Temperature Approved for Takeoff
-40 degrees C
CRJ700 LAHSO
Group 7 Aircraft
Minimum of 6000ft required
CRJ900 LAHSO
Group 8 Aircraft
Minimum of 7000ft required
Maximum Runway Slope
+ or - 2%
Flights must be within ___________ of a suitable airport if cargo is carried in either compartment.
60 minutes
Taxi Lights must be switched _________ whenever the airplane is stationary in excess of _______ minutes.
OFF
10 min
Circuit Breaker Reset (In Flight)
A circuit breaker must not be reset or cycled unless doing so is consistent with explicit procedures specified in the QRH or unless, in the judgment of the PIC, that resetting or cycling of the CB is necessary for the safe completion of flight.
Cowl Anti Ice (Ground Operations)
- Must be ON when OAT is 10 degrees C or below and visible moisture of any form is present. (such as fog with vis less than a mile, rain, snow, sleet, and ice)
- Must also be on when OAT is below 10 degrees C and aircraft is operating on runways or taxiways contaminated with snow, slush, ice, standing water.
NOTE: If cont ignition and cowl anti-ice are required at the same time, select cowl anti ice on prior to continuous ignition.
Cowl Anti Ice (Flight Operations)
Systems must be ON:
- When in icing conditions, or
- When ICE is annunciated by the ice detection systems.
Icing conditions in flight
Total Air Temperature (TAT) of 10 degrees C or below and visible moisture in any form is present, except when the Static Air Temperature (SAT) is -40 degrees C or below
Wing Anti Ice (Ground Operations)
- Must be ON for takeoff when OAT is 5 degrees C or below and any visible moisture is present.
- Must be ON for takeoff when the OAT is 5 degrees C or below and the runway is contaminated.
- When Type II, III, or IV anti-ice fluids have been applied, the wing anti ice system must only be selected ON, if required, just prior to thrust increase on takeoff.
Wing Anti-Ice (Flight Operations)
The wing anti ice system must be ON:
- When ICE is annunciated by ice detection system
- When in icing conditions and the airspeed is less than 230KIAS
Do not hold in ice with flaps/slats extended.
Wing and/or cowl ice selection is ___________ with the APU as a bleed source in manual mode.
Prohibited.
Continued operation in areas where SLD icing conditions exist is:
Prohibited
SLD icing conditions are indicated by:
Ice accretion on the side windows.
Leave Icing conditions when side window icing occurs.
Ice Systems in SLD icing
Wing ON
Cowl ON
Takeoff with frost, ice, snow, or slush adhering to any critical surface (wings, winglets, h stab, v stab, control surfaces and engine inlets) is…..
Prohibited
Takeoff with frost is permitted if….
Frost is on top of fuselage or underneath the wing due to cold soaked fuel. Frost must be thin enough to distinguish surface features such as paint lines or markings underneath.
Where to find comprehensive procedures for operating in cold weather?
Chapter 4 of CFM
The ODH
Winter Ops Handbook
Cold Soaked APU Start Limitation
Minimum ambient temperature to start is -40 degrees C on the ground.
APU starter motor duty cycle
Do not perform more than 3 starts/start attempts in one hour.
Two minute delay in between attempts must be observed to allow for cooling of starter and starter contactor and for APU drainage.
Engine Warm Up
The engines must remain at idle until oil pressure reaches normal operating range.
Do not exceed 75% N1 for two minutes after start, or until all operating indications are in normal range, whichever is longer.
What limitations must we follow if the Airplane is Cold Soaked?
- The engines must be motored for 60 seconds and the fan rotation must be verified before an engine start is initiated.
- Thrust reversers must be actuated until the deploy and stow cycles are 2 seconds or less.
Cold Soaked Definition.
Before the first flight of the day, when the airplane is cold-soaked at an ambient temperature of -30C or below for more than 8 hours.
Reduced (flex) Thrust Takeoff
Flex Thrust Takeoff must not be used:
- If wing and/or cowl anti-icing bleeds are in use.
- On runways contaminated with standing water, slush or snow.
- When warnings of windshear or downdrafts have been forecast.
- When the anti-skid system is inoperative
Flex Takeoff may be used on wet runways if wet runway performance data is used.
Vmo / Mmo ?
335kias / 0.85 mach
Flap Extension Speeds (CRJ900)
Flaps 1 - 230 KIAS Flaps 8 -230 KIAS Flaps 20 - 220 KIAS Flaps 30 - 185 KIAS Flaps 45 - 170 KIAS
Flap Extension Speeds (CRJ700)
Flaps 1 - 230 KIAS Flaps 8 -230 KIAS Flaps 20 - 230 KIAS Flaps 30 - 185 KIAS Flaps 45 - 170 KIAS
Maximum Landing Gear Speed (Extension)
220 KIAS
Maximum Landing Gear Speed (Retraction)
200 KIAS
Maximum Speed aircraft may be flown with Landing gear extended and locked.
220 KIAS
Maximum Airspeed for Windshield Wiper Operation
250 KIAS
If the windshield wiper has failed in a non-parked position, this airplane speed must not be exceeded.
250 KIAS
CRJ700 Max Tire Speed
182 KIAS
CRJ900 Max Tire Speed
195 KIAS
Maximum Airspeed for ADG Operation
Vmo / Mmo
Flight must be within ___________ of a _______ _______ if cargo is carried in either cargo compartment.
60 minutes
Suitable Airport
The taxi lights must be switched ________ whenever the airplane is stationary in excess of _____ minutes.
OFF
10 minutes
Brake cooling times must be observed between a _________ or a _____________ and a subsequent takeoff to ensure that _____________ _______ __________ is available to bring the airplane to a complete stop if the subsequent takeoff is rejected.
landing
low-energy rejected takeoff (RTO)
sufficient brake energy
The maximum relief differential pressure
8.7psi
The maximum negative differential pressure
-0.5psi
During Taxi and takeoff, the differential pressure must not exceed.
0.1psi
During initial landing (at touchdown), the maximum differential pressure must not exceed
1.0psi
CRJ900 : Maximum altitude for single pack operations with more than 82 cabin occupants including flight attendants.
25,000ft
CRJ900 : Maximum altitude for single pack operations if total cabin occupants including flight attendants is less than or equal to 82.
31,000ft
CRJ700 : Maximum Altitude or single pack operation.
31,000ft
The airplane must be completely depressurized prior to opening ______ of the airplane doors.
Any
To preclude possible crew and/or passenger ear damage, use of the _________ switch above _________ feet is prohibited.
EMER DEPRESS
15,000ft
The ADC source coupled to the active autopilot must be _________ as that coupled to the ATC transponder during flight in RVSM airspace.
the same
Operation with the autopilot engaged is prohibited at altitudes below _________, except when performing the following…
- ________________________
- ________________________
- ________________________
Operations with an ILS glidepath angle that exceeds 3.5 degrees are _____________.
600ft. AGL
- For visual and non-precision approaches, the minimum autopilot height is 400ft. AGL
- For precision (ILS) approaches, with both engines operating, the minimum autopilot use height is 80ft AGL.
- For precision (ILS) approaches with one engine inoperative, the minimum autopilot use height is 110ft AGL.
prohibited
Permissible Loads on AC System (0-41,000ft.)
Main Generator =
APU Generator =
Main Generator : 40kVA (each)
APU Generator : 40kVA
Permissible loads on DC system
In flight, the maximum permissible continuous load on each TRU is _________.
120 Amps
Permissible loads on DC system
To protect the flight compartment _____ ________, the maximum permissible time for ground operations with DC power only is __________.
CRT displays
5 minutes
Circuit Breaker Reset (In flight)
A circuit breaker must not be reset or cycled (i.e. opened or closed) unless doing so is consistent with explicit procedures specified in the QRH or unless, in the judgement of the PIC, that resetting or cycling of the circuit breaker is necessary for the safe completion of the flight.
Minimum Descent Altitude
When setting the MDA marker on the barometric altimeter using the DH/MDA knob on the air data reference panel, the next highest 10 foot increment must be selected if the altitude is not at a 10 foot increment.
Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
Pilots are authorized to deviated from their ATC clearance in order to comply with a traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) resolution advisory (RA) command.
Fuel Load
Center Tank Quantity must be _______ throughout the flight.
Monitored
Fuel Load
The maximum permissible fuel imbalance between the contents of the main left tank and the main right tank are (Takeoff and Landing) :
During Takeoff : 300lbs
During Landing : 800lbs
Fuel remaining in a tank when the appropriate fuel quantity indicator reads ____ is ____ ______
zero
not usable
Takeoff with a fuel load in excess of ______ in the center tank is not permitted unless each wing tank is above _________.
500lbs
4400lbs
The minimum fuel for go-around is ______ per wing (aircraft level) and assuming a maximum airplane climb attitude of ____________.
600lbs
10 degrees nose up
Fuel Temperature Limitation
Takeoff with engine fuel temperature indications below 5 degrees Celsius (41 degrees F) is prohibited.
Fuel Cross Flow
Powered cross-flow and gravity cross-flow must be off for takeoff.
APU BLEED AIR LIMITATIONS
Bleed Air Extraction
APU bleed air extraction is not permitted above 25,000ft
APU BLEED AIR LIMITATIONS
Engine Start during Ground Operations
No bleed air extraction limitation.
Each engine may be started using the APU as a bleed air source.
Use of the HIGH PWR SCHEDULE switch is ____ ________ for normal operations.
not permitted
Continuous Engine Ignition
Cont. Ignition must be used during the following…
- Takeoff and Landing on contaminated runways
- Flight through moderate or heavier intensity rain
- Flight through moderate or heavier intensity turbulence
- Flight in the vicinity of thunderstorms
Note: If use of cowl anti-ice and continuous ignition are required at the same time, select the cowl anti-ice on prior to selecting continuous ignition.
Continuous Engine Ignition Note
If use of cowl anti-ice and continuous ignition are required at the same time, select the cowl anti-ice on _________ selecting continuous ignition.
prior to
Maximum permissible load on APU Gen
40 kVA
Reduced (Flex) Thrust Takeoff Limitations
Flex Thrust Takeoff Procedure must not be used:
- If wing and/or cowl anti-icing bleeds are in use
- On runways contaminated with standing water, slush, snow, or ice.
- When warnings of windshear or downdrafts have been forecast
- When anti-skid system is inoperative
Flex thrust can be used on wet runways if wet runway performance data is used.
The starter must not be used if indicated ____ rpm exceeds _____.
N2 rpm exceeds 45%
Engine Start (Ground)
Starts 1 & 2 - Max Time On….., Followed by….
90 seconds ON, followed by 10 seconds cool down
Engine Start (Ground)
Starts 3 through 5 - Max Time On….., Followed by….
90 seconds ON, followed by 5 minutes cool down
Engine Start or Motoring (Flight)
Start 1 - Max Time On….., Followed by….
120 seconds ON, followed by 10 seconds cool down
Engine Start or Motoring (Flight)
Starts 2 through 5 - Max Time On….., Followed by….
60 seconds ON, followed by 5 minutes cool down
Motoring (Ground)
Start 1 - Max Time On……, Followed by…..,
90 seconds ON, followed by 5 minutes cool down
Motoring (Ground)
Starts 2 through 5 - Max Time On……, Followed by…..,
30 seconds ON, followed by 5 minutes cool down
At initiation of thrust level movement from SHUT OFF to IDLE:
ITT must be 120C or less for all ground starts
ITT must be 90C or less for all air starts
Thrust reversers are approved for _______ use only; activation of thrust reversers _______ is prohibited.
Ground
In-flight
Can you initiate a go-around after thrust reverser deployment?
No
Takeoff with thrust reverser icons or EICAS warning and/or caution messages displayed is ________.
Prohibited
Can we use thrust reverser to powerback?
NO.
During landing, maximum reverse thrust is prohibited below _____ kias, and reverse idle must be achieved by ____ kias.
75 kias
60 kias
During preflight check of the thrust reversers with the airplane stationary, reverse thrust must be limited to _________ ______.
Reverse Idle
Enroute use of slats/flaps is _______.
Prohibited
Flight with slats/flaps extended at altitudes above 15000ft is _____
Prohibited
Flight spoilers must not be extended in flight below an altitude of ______.
1000ft AGL.
To ensure adequate maneuver margins, flight spoilers must not be extended in flight at airspeeds below ___________ for the current weight and flap configuration.
Vref + 10 knots
Both stall protection system switches must remain ____ for all phases of flight.
ON
