Critics Flashcards

0
Q

What does Beauclerk say about Edmund?

A

Edmund is essentially an actor, who uses language of the old order - language of pity and responsibility … For his own political ambitions

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1
Q

Critics on Edmund

A

Charles Beauclerk, Race Capet, Nancy Maguire

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2
Q

What does Capet argue about Edmund?

A

Far from being a villain, the self-proclaimed devotee of nature functions, amid the collapse of social order … as the emissary of nature

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3
Q

What does Maguire argue about Edmund’s final lines?

A

His attempt to redeem his lonely self is a gesture which conveys his suffering as an individual … We can now pardon his impulse to acquire in order to protect himself.

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4
Q

Feminist critics

A

Kathleen McLuskie and Marilyn French

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5
Q

What is McLuskie’s argument?

A

Goneril and Regan are presented as demons, monsters, anything but human … Women in power can only bring disgrace.

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6
Q

Marilyn French quote

A
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7
Q

Which critics offer nihilistic readings?

A

Algernon Swinburne and Jan Kott

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8
Q

What is Swinburne’s quote?

A

The doctrine of Shakespeare … Is darker in its implication of injustice, it’s acceptance of accident. … Righteousness itself seems subject and subordinate to the masterdom of fate

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9
Q

Critics on family

A

Charley Hanly and Coppelia Kahn

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10
Q

Coppelia Kahn quote

A

Lear’s madness is essentially his rage at being deprived of the maternal presence/Lear has habitually suppressed any needs for love

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11
Q

Which critics comment on the role of the Fool?

A

Marjorie Garber and Harold Bloom

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12
Q

What is Garber’s quote?

A

The fool is a mirror … Reflecting back at Lear his own concealed image

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13
Q

Critics on madness

A

Adrian Ingham, Josephine W Bennett, Charley Hanly

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14
Q

What points does Hanly make?

A

Madness is used as a device to strip away the illusory aspects of royalty

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15
Q

What does Adrian Ingham believe is the most accurate description of Lear’s madness?

A

Unnatural melancholy, as outlined by Timothie Bright

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16
Q

Unnatural melancholy quote

A

‘The heavy hand of God upon the afflicted conscience, tormented by remorse of sin’

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17
Q

Critics on Gloucester’s blinding

A

L.C. Knight, S.L. Goldberg, A.M. Colman

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18
Q

What does L.C. Knight say?

A

The gouging out of Gloucester’s eyes is a thing unnecessary, crude, and disgusting … It helps to provide an accompanying exaggeration of one element - that of cruelty - in the horror that makes Lear’s madness

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19
Q

What does A.M Colman claim?

A

In such a world, where gods are absent … Gloucester’s suffering and subsequent despair must inspire pity

20
Q

S.L Goldberg

A

The sheer fact of Gloucester’s blinding, and our sheer horrified rejection of it as unendurable … Stand at the very centre of the play

21
Q

What does Anna Hermesmann argue?

A

Shakespeare emphasises the absence of justice in order to highlight the necessity of Christian values

21
Q

Hermesmann quote

A

There is no just force to establish objective morality

22
Q

A.C Bradley quote

A

The business of the gods… Was not to torment him…but lead him to attain … The very end and aim of life

23
Q

Frank kermode

A

Shakespeare concerns himself with the contrast between the two bodies of the king; one lives by ceremony, administering justice in distinguished regalia which set him above nature … The other is born naked, subject to disease and pain.

24
Q

G. Wilson knight quote (Gloucester’s suicide)

A

The grotesque merged into the ridiculous reaches its consummation in this bathos of tragedy

25
Q

Timothie Bright

A

The heavy hand of God upon the afflicted conscience, tormented by remorse of sin

26
Q

Howard Furness

A

So carelessly hurried over that it comes to nothing… By its own unimpressiveness makes insignificant everything that has reference to it

27
Q

Charles Hanly on madness

A

Lear’s madness is a device for stripping away the narcissistic illusory aspects of royalty

28
Q

Hanley on Lear’s demand

A

Nothing could be more threatening to a daughter than the demand
Lear makes … Goneril and Regan … are confronted by a father whose love for them is eroticised

29
Q

Jan Kott

A

There is nothing, except the cruel earth where man goes on his journey from cradle to grave

30
Q

G.B Harrison

A

Shakespeare effected a grim irony by the use of two words which sound throughout the play like the tolling of a knell: ‘nature’ and ‘nothing’.

31
Q

Doctor Johnson on cordelia’s death

A

Contrary to the natural ideals of justice

32
Q

Doctor Johnson on Lear’s pain

A

Lear would move our compassion but little, did we not rather consider the injured father than the degraded King

33
Q

Swinburne quote

A

The doctrine of Shakespeare is darker in its implication of injustice, it’s acceptance of accident … Righteousness itself is subject and subordinate to the masterdom of fate

34
Q

S.L. Bethell

A

Lear, after being bound upon a fiery wheel, attaining patience and humility, is fit for heaven

35
Q

Beauclerk on compassion

A

This new language of compassion proclaims a new social order founded on the politics of love

36
Q

Kenneth Muir quote

A

‘The gods are indifferent, or hostile … there is no afterlife in which the injustices of life on Earth may be set right.’

37
Q

William Hazlitt

A

‘Giddy anarchy’

38
Q

Which critic saw Cordelia as a symbol of Christ?

A

SL Bethell

39
Q

G Wilson Knight quote

A

Mankind is … Deliberately or comically tormented by the gods

40
Q

Jonathan Dollimore

A

Albany and Edgar vainly try to rebuild society in the same flawed pattern - Shakespeare questions it’s ‘faulty ideological structure’

41
Q

Dr Heilman

A

Nature as a vital force, versus nature as ordained order - salvation versus damnation. Natural as moral.

42
Q

Charles Hanly Quote about G+R

A

If Edmund was driven by jealous rage against his brother … can less be said of Goneril and Regan?

43
Q

Kenneth muir (nature)

A

The animal imagery is designed partly to show mans place on the chain of being, and to bring out the subhuman nature of the evil characters

44
Q

Alexander Leggatt

A

The double was of nature … Destructive on the one hand, beneficent on the other

45
Q

Thomas McFarland

A

Grievously contrary to primogeniture and the cosmic order

46
Q

Catherine S Cox

A

Archetypes of virago and Virgo

47
Q

Harold bloom

A

Fool bridges gap between audience and play; chorus function