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FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING > Critical Thinking & Clinical Judgement > Flashcards

Critical Thinking & Clinical Judgement Flashcards

1
Q

Are essential processes for safe, effecient, and skillful nursing intervention

A

critical thinking and clinical judgement

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2
Q

The ability to think in a systematic and logical manner with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process

A

Critical thinking

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3
Q

Aim to focus on the important issues in any clinical situation and make decisions that produce desired patient outcomes

A

Critical thinking

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4
Q

Enables you to face each new experience and problem involving a patient’s care with open-mindness, confidence, and continual inquiry

A

Sound clinical judgement

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5
Q

It is a process mastered only through experience, commitment, and an active curiosity toward learning

A

Sound clinical judgement

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6
Q

Partly relies on “knowing the patient” and the patient’s typical pattern of responses, as well as engaging with patients about their concerns

A

Sound clinical judgement

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7
Q

Are responsible for making accurate and appropriate clinical decisions that ensure patients receive safe, appropriate, timely, and effective nursing interventions

A

Registered Nurses (RN)

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8
Q

Defined by the national council of state boards of nursing (NCSBN) as the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making

A

Clinical judgement

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9
Q

Is a conclusion about a patient’s needs or health problems that leads to taking or avoiding action, using or modifying standard approaches, or creating new approaches based on the patient’s response

A

Clinical judgement

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10
Q

It is a process that uses nursing knowledge, experience, and critical thinking to observe and assess presenting situations, identify a prioritized patient concern, and generate the best possible evidence-based solutions to make the decisions needed to deliver safe patient care

A

Clinical judgement

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11
Q

Are influenced more by nurse’s experience and knowledge than by the objective data about the situation at hand

A

Clinical judgement

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12
Q

Are influenced by the context of clinical situations and the culture of patient care settings

A

Clinical judgement

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13
Q

The format of this process is unique to the discipline of nursing and provides a common language and process for nurse to “think through” patient’s clinical problems

A

Clinical judgement

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14
Q

Requires a nurse to use general and specific critical thinking competencies

A

Clinical judgement

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15
Q

Separates proffessional nurses from technicians or other assistive personnel (AP

A

Clinical decision making

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16
Q

She described the research-based model of clinical judgement

A

Dr. Christine Tanner

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17
Q

Helps to explain concepts

A

Model

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18
Q

This model explains the many variables involved as you make decisions and clinical judgements about your patients

A

Clinical judgement model

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19
Q

Offers a valuable conceptual approach to understanding the nature of nursing practice

A

Clinical judgement model

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20
Q

Components of critical thinking in nursing judgement

A

Critical thinking competence
Knowledge base
Environment
Experience
Attitude
Standard

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21
Q

Guide nurses in making sound clinical judgements necessary for relavant and appropriate clinical decisions

A

Components of critical thinking

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22
Q

Described by the American nurses association (ANA) as the framework nurses use to apply critical thinking in nursing practice for making clinical decisions

A

Nursing process

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23
Q

A process described by ANA as having six steps: assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation

A

Nursing process

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24
Q

The purpose of this is to diagnose and treat human responses to patient’s health problems

A

Nursing process

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25
Q

It encompasses significant actions taken by RNs and forms the foundation of the nurse’s clinical decision making

A

Nursing process

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26
Q

Allows nurses to help patients meet agreed-on outcomes for better health

A

Nursing process

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27
Q

Enables nurses to apply the nursing process in clinical decision making

A

Cognitive skills

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28
Q

6 (six) cognitive skills

A
  1. Recognize cues
  2. Analyze cues
  3. Prioritize problems/diagnoses
  4. Generate solutions
  5. Take actions
  6. Evaluate outcomes
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29
Q

Are the cognitive processes a nurse uses to make judgements about the clinical care of patients. These include general critical thinking, specific critical thinking in clinical situations, and specific critical thinking in nursing

A

Critical thinking competencies

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30
Q

Are not unique to nursing; they include the scientific method, problem solving, and decision making

A

General critical thinking

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31
Q

Include diagnostic reasoning and clinical decision making

A

Specific critical thinking competencies

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32
Q

Is the nursing process, which incorporates each of the specific critical thinking competencies

A

Specific critical thinking competency in nursing

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33
Q

Is a methodical way to solve problems by using reasoning

A

Scientific method

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34
Q

It is a systematic, ordered approach to gather data and solve problems

A

Scientific method

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35
Q

Healthcare researchers, including nurse scientists use this method when testing research questions

A

Scientific method

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36
Q

5 (five) steps of scientific method

A
  1. Identify problem
  2. Collect data
  3. Formulate a question or hypothesis
  4. Test the question or hypothesis
  5. Evaluate results of the test or study
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37
Q

Is an unsettled state

A

Problem

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38
Q

An action for a problem

A

Solution

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39
Q

Requires you to obtain information that clarifies the nature of problem, suggest possible solutions, and try the solution over time
to evaluate that it is effective

A

Problem-solving

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40
Q

Is one problem-solving approach that relies on one’s inner sense

A

Intuition

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41
Q

It is the ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning

A

Intuition

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42
Q

Often perceived as being a form of guessing and thus inappropriate when making nursing decisions; viewed by others as a legitimate approach to making clinical judgements

A

Intuition

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43
Q

Is commonly invoked for well-structured and familiar decision tasks

A

Intuitive thinking

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44
Q

Is triggered for ill-structured and unfamiliar decision tasks

A

Analytic thinking

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45
Q

Is a form of decision making that involves being able to understand and think through clinical problems, gather information about the problem, analyze clues and or individual cues, understand the meaning of evidence, and know when there is enough information (pattern of data) to make an accurate diagnosis

A

Diagnostic reasoning

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46
Q

The national academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine (2015) reports that the right ___ is a key aspect of healthcare because it explains a patient’s health problems and informs subsequent health care decisions

A

Diagnosis

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47
Q

It requires you to assign meaning to behaviours and physical signs and symptoms presented by a patient

A

Diagnosis

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48
Q

Is a technique for looking beneath the surface, recognizing and examining assumptions, searching for inconsistencies, examining multiple points of view and biases, and differentiating what one knows from what one merely believes

A

Socratic questioning

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49
Q

These types of questions are common when a nurse completes an end of shift or reviews a patient’s history and progress

A

Socratic questioning

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50
Q

Moves from reviewing specific data elements to making an inference by forming a conclusion about the related piece of evidence

A

Inductive reasoning

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51
Q

Moves from general to the specific

A

Deductive reasoning

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52
Q

Is an in-depth knowledge of a patient’s patterns of responses within a clinical situation and knowing the patient as a person

A

Knowing the patient

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53
Q

Offers a nurse “the big picture” and “knowing the whole person” so that suitable patient-centered decisions can be made to protect patient’s from harm

A

Knowing the patient

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54
Q

2 (two) components of knowing the patient

A
  1. Nurse’s understanding of a specific patient
  2. Subsequent selection of interventions
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55
Q

3 (three) levels of critical thinking

A
  1. Basic critical thinking
  2. Complex critical thinking
  3. Commitment
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56
Q

A level where a learner trusts that experts have the right answers for every problem

A

Basic critical thinking

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57
Q

A level where thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules of principles

A

Basic critical thinking

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58
Q

Answers to complex problems are perceived as either right or wrong

A

Basic critical thinking

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59
Q

A single solution usually resolves each problem

A

Basic critical thinking

60
Q

An early step in developing critical thinking

A

Basic critical thinking

61
Q

A level where a learner begins to rely less on experts and instead trust their own decisions

A

Complex critical thinking

62
Q

A level where learners analyze the clinical situation and examine choices more independently

A

Complex critical thinking

63
Q

Learn that alternative and perhaps conflicting solutions exist

A

Complex critical thinking

64
Q

A level where thinking abilities and initiative to look beyond expert opinion begin to change

A

Complex critical thinking

65
Q

Each solution has benefits and risks that you weigh before making a final decision. There are options. Thinking becomes more innovative

A

Complex critical thinking

66
Q

The third level of critical thinking

A

Commitment

67
Q

A level where you anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others and accept accountability for decisions made

A

Commitment

68
Q

A level where you decide on an action and belief that is based on the available alternatives and support it

A

Commitment

69
Q

Able to consider wider array of clinical alternatives for a patient’s situation

A

Commitment

70
Q

Recognize that sometimes a proper action is the decision to not act or to delay an action until a layer time based om experience and knowledge

A

Commitment

71
Q

Able to apply all elements of clinical judgement model almost automatically

A

Commitment

72
Q

Requires inductive and deductive reasoning and making valid inferences

A

Effective clinical decision making

73
Q

Requires you to use your judgement in investigating and analyzing all aspects of a clinical problem and then applying scientific and nursing knowledge to choose the best course of action

A

Good clinical decision making

74
Q

Goes hand in hand with problem solving and and problem resolution

A

Basic decision making

75
Q

Learns to accept the diverse opinions and values of experts

A

Basic critical thinker

76
Q

Begin to rely less on experts and instead trust their own decisions

A

Complex critical thinker

77
Q

Is necessary before choosing solutions and implementing actions

A

Accurate problem recognition

78
Q

True or False

Experience is crucial to knowing how to interpret data

A

True

79
Q

True or False

Critical thinking is crucial to knowing how to interpret data

A

False

80
Q

True or False

Most patients have health care problems for which there are no clear textbook solutions

A

True

81
Q

True or False

Most patients have health care problems for which there are clear textbook solutions

A

False

82
Q

True or False

With experience you learn to creatively seek new knowledge, act quickly when events, and make good decisions for patient’s well-being

A

True

83
Q

True or False

Nurses use a variety of reasoning approaches in combination, such as problem solving and reflection to understand patient problems and create an individualized plan of care

A

True

84
Q

True or False

Clinical judgements made by thinking critically and making sound decisions are at the core of professional nursing competence

A

True

85
Q

True or False

Critical thinking in nursing is complex

A

True

86
Q

True or False

Critical thinkers question, are honest in facing personal biases, and examine information for answers and deeper meanings in order to
understand their patients

A

True

87
Q

True or False

When core critical thinking competences are applied, the complex and continuous nature of decision making and clinical judgement become clear

A

True

88
Q

True or False

Critical thinking is a way of thinking about clinical situations

A

True

89
Q

True or False

Critical thinking is a way of thinking about solutions

A

False

90
Q

True or False

Less experienced nurses, including students, may rely more heavily on analytic reasoning, whereas experienced nurses are more likely to use intuitive reasoning based on their clinical experiences with numerous patients

A

True

91
Q

True or False

Less experienced nurses, including students, may rely more heavily on intuitive reasoning, whereas experienced nurses are more likely to use analytic reasoning based on their clinical experiences with numerous patients

A

False

92
Q

True or False

Responding intuitively to problems enables quick action, but it must then be complemented with thoughtful reasoning and judgement to ensure the proper response has occured

A

True

93
Q

True or False

Intuition is not recommended for beginning nurses because your cognitive level and clinical experience are incomplete and do not allow for valid intuitive decisions

A

True

94
Q

True or False

Intuition is recommended for beginnings nurses

A

False

95
Q

True or False

Accurate problem recognition is necessary before choosing solutions and implementing actions

A

True

96
Q

True or False

Diagnostic reasoning begins when you interact with a patient or make physical or behavioral observations

A

True

97
Q

True or False

Nurses do not make medical diagnosis

A

True

98
Q

True or False

Nurses assess and monitor each patient closely and compare a patient’s signs and symptoms with those that are common to a medical diagnosis

A

True

99
Q

True or False

To manage wide variety of problems associated with groups of patients, skillful, prioritized clinical decision making is critical

A

True

100
Q

True or False

Beginning nursing students are tasked oriented

A

True

101
Q

True or False

When you are a basic critical thinker, you will perform skills carefully and continuously following policy and procedure

A

True

102
Q

Can create distraction, making it difficult to a new nurse to focus on applying the nursing process in an individualized and systematic way

A

Skills

103
Q

Develops from getting to know a patient and building a foundation for connecting on the first day of care, to deepening understanding of the patient and being able to recognize clinical changes on subsequent days

A

Nurse-patient relationship

104
Q

A nurse’s ___ varies according to educational experience that includes basic nursing education, continuing education courses, and additional college degrees

A

Knowledge base

105
Q

A knowledge based on research or clinical expertises that makes nurses better informed critical thinkers

A

Evidence-based knowledge

106
Q

The most critical source of knowledge a nurse applies in critical thinking

A

Patient data

107
Q

Guide a nurse during assessment

A

Patient data

108
Q

Is a practice discipline

A

Nursing

109
Q

Is the laboratory for developing and testing approaches that you safely adapt or revise to fit the setting, a patient’s unique qualities, and the experiences you have from caring for previous patients

A

Clinical experience

110
Q

Affects the presentation of cues or patient data, which indirectly affects the decision maker

A

Task complexity

111
Q

Are guidelines for how to approach a problem and make the correct decision

A

Critical thinking attitudes

112
Q

Is the belief in oneself, one’s judgement and psychomotor skills, and one’s possession of the knowledge and the ability to think critically

A

Confidence

113
Q

True or False

Confidence grows with experience in recognizing your strengths and limitations

A

True

114
Q

True or False

A critical thinker does not accept another person’s ideas without question

A

True

115
Q

This is an important aspect of evidence-based practice

A

Thinking independently

116
Q

Learning to consider a wide range of ideas and concepts before making a judgement

A

Thinking independently

117
Q

Not letting bias or prejudice affect your decisions

A

Fairness

118
Q

Having a sense of ____ helps you develop and attitude of fairness

A

Imagination

119
Q

Is the knowledge that you are accountable for your decisions, actions, and critical thinking

A

Responsibility

120
Q

Are the minimum level of performance accepted to ensure high-quality care

A

Standards of practice

121
Q

True or False

A discipline thinker misses few details when assessing a patient, considering care options and resources, or making decisions about nursing interventions

A

True

122
Q

True or False

A discipline thinker never misses few details when assessing a patient, considering care options and resources, or making decisions about nursing interventions

A

False

123
Q

To keep looking for more resources until you find a successful approach

A

Persevering/Perseverance

124
Q

True or False

A critical thinker who perseveres is not satisfied with minimal effort but works to achieve the highest quality level of care

A

True

125
Q

True or False

A critical thinker who perseveres is satisfied with minimal effort and works to achieve the highest quality level of care

A

False

126
Q

Involves original thinking and motivates you to think of options and unique approaches. This means that you find solutions outside the standard routine of care while still following standards of practice

A

Creativity

127
Q

Motivates you to further investigate a clinical situation so that you get all the information you need to make a decision

A

Curiosity

128
Q

A person of ____ is honest and willing to admit to mistakes or inconsistencies in one’s own behavior, ideas, and beliefs

A

Integrity

129
Q

It is the act of admitting to any limitations in your knowledge and skill

A

Humility

130
Q

2 (two) types of standards for critical thinking

A
  1. Intellectual standards
  2. Professional standards
131
Q

Is a guideline or principle for rational thought

A

Intellectual standard

132
Q

You apply these standards during all steps of the nursing process

A

Intellectual standards

133
Q

Refer to ethical for nursing judgements, evidence-based criteria used for evaluation, and criteria for professional responsibility

A

Professional standards

134
Q

These standards “raise the bar” for the responsibilities and accountabilities that a nurse assumes in guaranteeing high-quality health care to the public

A

Professional standards

135
Q

A step in the nursing process that methodically determines if nursing care approaches were successfully led to desired or expected patient outcomes

A

Evaluation

136
Q

Is a critical thinking component that prepares you to better anticipate and identify patient problems by understanding their origin and nature

A

Knowledge

137
Q

Is like instant replay. It is not intuitive. It involves purposely visualizing a situation and taking the time to honestly review everything you remember about it

A

Reflection

138
Q

It assists an individual in learning about life situations and experiences that provide a significant means for the person to learn

A

Reflection

139
Q

Allows you to gain knowledge and raise questions about your practice

A

Reflection

140
Q

Is a tool for developing self-evaluation skills by consciously clarifying concepts used in nursing practice

A

Reflective journaling

141
Q

This model can be used individually or as a process shared with others

A

Model for reflection

142
Q

Is a visual representation of patient problems and interventions that shows their relationship to one another

A

Concept map

143
Q

It is a nonlinear picture of a patient to be used for comprehensive care planning

A

Concept map

144
Q

Helps you synthesize relevant data about a patient, including assessment data, nursing diagnoses, health needs, nursing interventions, and evaluation measures

A

Concept map

145
Q

Is a reasoning process by which you cognitively apply and analyze your thoughts, actions, and knowledge to make sound clinical judgement

A

Critical thinking

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