Critical Thinking & Clinical Judgement Flashcards
1
Q
Are essential processes for safe, effecient, and skillful nursing intervention
A
critical thinking and clinical judgement
2
Q
The ability to think in a systematic and logical manner with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process
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Critical thinking
3
Q
Aim to focus on the important issues in any clinical situation and make decisions that produce desired patient outcomes
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Critical thinking
4
Q
Enables you to face each new experience and problem involving a patient’s care with open-mindness, confidence, and continual inquiry
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Sound clinical judgement
5
Q
It is a process mastered only through experience, commitment, and an active curiosity toward learning
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Sound clinical judgement
6
Q
Partly relies on “knowing the patient” and the patient’s typical pattern of responses, as well as engaging with patients about their concerns
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Sound clinical judgement
7
Q
Are responsible for making accurate and appropriate clinical decisions that ensure patients receive safe, appropriate, timely, and effective nursing interventions
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Registered Nurses (RN)
8
Q
Defined by the national council of state boards of nursing (NCSBN) as the observed outcome of critical thinking and decision making
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Clinical judgement
9
Q
Is a conclusion about a patient’s needs or health problems that leads to taking or avoiding action, using or modifying standard approaches, or creating new approaches based on the patient’s response
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Clinical judgement
10
Q
It is a process that uses nursing knowledge, experience, and critical thinking to observe and assess presenting situations, identify a prioritized patient concern, and generate the best possible evidence-based solutions to make the decisions needed to deliver safe patient care
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Clinical judgement
11
Q
Are influenced more by nurse’s experience and knowledge than by the objective data about the situation at hand
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Clinical judgement
12
Q
Are influenced by the context of clinical situations and the culture of patient care settings
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Clinical judgement
13
Q
The format of this process is unique to the discipline of nursing and provides a common language and process for nurse to “think through” patient’s clinical problems
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Clinical judgement
14
Q
Requires a nurse to use general and specific critical thinking competencies
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Clinical judgement
15
Q
Separates proffessional nurses from technicians or other assistive personnel (AP
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Clinical decision making
16
Q
She described the research-based model of clinical judgement
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Dr. Christine Tanner
17
Q
Helps to explain concepts
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Model
18
Q
This model explains the many variables involved as you make decisions and clinical judgements about your patients
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Clinical judgement model
19
Q
Offers a valuable conceptual approach to understanding the nature of nursing practice
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Clinical judgement model
20
Q
Components of critical thinking in nursing judgement
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Critical thinking competence
Knowledge base
Environment
Experience
Attitude
Standard
21
Q
Guide nurses in making sound clinical judgements necessary for relavant and appropriate clinical decisions
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Components of critical thinking
22
Q
Described by the American nurses association (ANA) as the framework nurses use to apply critical thinking in nursing practice for making clinical decisions
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Nursing process
23
Q
A process described by ANA as having six steps: assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation
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Nursing process
24
Q
The purpose of this is to diagnose and treat human responses to patient’s health problems
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Nursing process
25
It encompasses significant actions taken by RNs and forms the foundation of the nurse's clinical decision making
Nursing process
26
Allows nurses to help patients meet agreed-on outcomes for better health
Nursing process
27
Enables nurses to apply the nursing process in clinical decision making
Cognitive skills
28
6 (six) cognitive skills
1. Recognize cues
2. Analyze cues
3. Prioritize problems/diagnoses
4. Generate solutions
5. Take actions
6. Evaluate outcomes
29
Are the cognitive processes a nurse uses to make judgements about the clinical care of patients. These include general critical thinking, specific critical thinking in clinical situations, and specific critical thinking in nursing
Critical thinking competencies
30
Are not unique to nursing; they include the scientific method, problem solving, and decision making
General critical thinking
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Include diagnostic reasoning and clinical decision making
Specific critical thinking competencies
32
Is the nursing process, which incorporates each of the specific critical thinking competencies
Specific critical thinking competency in nursing
33
Is a methodical way to solve problems by using reasoning
Scientific method
34
It is a systematic, ordered approach to gather data and solve problems
Scientific method
35
Healthcare researchers, including nurse scientists use this method when testing research questions
Scientific method
36
5 (five) steps of scientific method
1. Identify problem
2. Collect data
3. Formulate a question or hypothesis
4. Test the question or hypothesis
5. Evaluate results of the test or study
37
Is an unsettled state
Problem
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An action for a problem
Solution
39
Requires you to obtain information that clarifies the nature of problem, suggest possible solutions, and try the solution over time
to evaluate that it is effective
Problem-solving
40
Is one problem-solving approach that relies on one's inner sense
Intuition
41
It is the ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning
Intuition
42
Often perceived as being a form of guessing and thus inappropriate when making nursing decisions; viewed by others as a legitimate approach to making clinical judgements
Intuition
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Is commonly invoked for well-structured and familiar decision tasks
Intuitive thinking
44
Is triggered for ill-structured and unfamiliar decision tasks
Analytic thinking
45
Is a form of decision making that involves being able to understand and think through clinical problems, gather information about the problem, analyze clues and or individual cues, understand the meaning of evidence, and know when there is enough information (pattern of data) to make an accurate diagnosis
Diagnostic reasoning
46
The national academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine (2015) reports that the right ___ is a key aspect of healthcare because it explains a patient's health problems and informs subsequent health care decisions
Diagnosis
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It requires you to assign meaning to behaviours and physical signs and symptoms presented by a patient
Diagnosis
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Is a technique for looking beneath the surface, recognizing and examining assumptions, searching for inconsistencies, examining multiple points of view and biases, and differentiating what one knows from what one merely believes
Socratic questioning
49
These types of questions are common when a nurse completes an end of shift or reviews a patient's history and progress
Socratic questioning
50
Moves from reviewing specific data elements to making an inference by forming a conclusion about the related piece of evidence
Inductive reasoning
51
Moves from general to the specific
Deductive reasoning
52
Is an in-depth knowledge of a patient's patterns of responses within a clinical situation and knowing the patient as a person
Knowing the patient
53
Offers a nurse "the big picture" and "knowing the whole person" so that suitable patient-centered decisions can be made to protect patient's from harm
Knowing the patient
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2 (two) components of knowing the patient
1. Nurse's understanding of a specific patient
2. Subsequent selection of interventions
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3 (three) levels of critical thinking
1. Basic critical thinking
2. Complex critical thinking
3. Commitment
56
A level where a learner trusts that experts have the right answers for every problem
Basic critical thinking
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A level where thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules of principles
Basic critical thinking
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Answers to complex problems are perceived as either right or wrong
Basic critical thinking
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A single solution usually resolves each problem
Basic critical thinking
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An early step in developing critical thinking
Basic critical thinking
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A level where a learner begins to rely less on experts and instead trust their own decisions
Complex critical thinking
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A level where learners analyze the clinical situation and examine choices more independently
Complex critical thinking
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Learn that alternative and perhaps conflicting solutions exist
Complex critical thinking
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A level where thinking abilities and initiative to look beyond expert opinion begin to change
Complex critical thinking
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Each solution has benefits and risks that you weigh before making a final decision. There are options. Thinking becomes more innovative
Complex critical thinking
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The third level of critical thinking
Commitment
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A level where you anticipate when to make choices without assistance from others and accept accountability for decisions made
Commitment
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A level where you decide on an action and belief that is based on the available alternatives and support it
Commitment
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Able to consider wider array of clinical alternatives for a patient's situation
Commitment
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Recognize that sometimes a proper action is the decision to not act or to delay an action until a layer time based om experience and knowledge
Commitment
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Able to apply all elements of clinical judgement model almost automatically
Commitment
72
Requires inductive and deductive reasoning and making valid inferences
Effective clinical decision making
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Requires you to use your judgement in investigating and analyzing all aspects of a clinical problem and then applying scientific and nursing knowledge to choose the best course of action
Good clinical decision making
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Goes hand in hand with problem solving and and problem resolution
Basic decision making
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Learns to accept the diverse opinions and values of experts
Basic critical thinker
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Begin to rely less on experts and instead trust their own decisions
Complex critical thinker
77
Is necessary before choosing solutions and implementing actions
Accurate problem recognition
78
True or False
Experience is crucial to knowing how to interpret data
True
79
True or False
Critical thinking is crucial to knowing how to interpret data
False
80
True or False
Most patients have health care problems for which there are no clear textbook solutions
True
81
True or False
Most patients have health care problems for which there are clear textbook solutions
False
82
True or False
With experience you learn to creatively seek new knowledge, act quickly when events, and make good decisions for patient's well-being
True
83
True or False
Nurses use a variety of reasoning approaches in combination, such as problem solving and reflection to understand patient problems and create an individualized plan of care
True
84
True or False
Clinical judgements made by thinking critically and making sound decisions are at the core of professional nursing competence
True
85
True or False
Critical thinking in nursing is complex
True
86
True or False
Critical thinkers question, are honest in facing personal biases, and examine information for answers and deeper meanings in order to
understand their patients
True
87
True or False
When core critical thinking competences are applied, the complex and continuous nature of decision making and clinical judgement become clear
True
88
True or False
Critical thinking is a way of thinking about clinical situations
True
89
True or False
Critical thinking is a way of thinking about solutions
False
90
True or False
Less experienced nurses, including students, may rely more heavily on analytic reasoning, whereas experienced nurses are more likely to use intuitive reasoning based on their clinical experiences with numerous patients
True
91
True or False
Less experienced nurses, including students, may rely more heavily on intuitive reasoning, whereas experienced nurses are more likely to use analytic reasoning based on their clinical experiences with numerous patients
False
92
True or False
Responding intuitively to problems enables quick action, but it must then be complemented with thoughtful reasoning and judgement to ensure the proper response has occured
True
93
True or False
Intuition is not recommended for beginning nurses because your cognitive level and clinical experience are incomplete and do not allow for valid intuitive decisions
True
94
True or False
Intuition is recommended for beginnings nurses
False
95
True or False
Accurate problem recognition is necessary before choosing solutions and implementing actions
True
96
True or False
Diagnostic reasoning begins when you interact with a patient or make physical or behavioral observations
True
97
True or False
Nurses do not make medical diagnosis
True
98
True or False
Nurses assess and monitor each patient closely and compare a patient's signs and symptoms with those that are common to a medical diagnosis
True
99
True or False
To manage wide variety of problems associated with groups of patients, skillful, prioritized clinical decision making is critical
True
100
True or False
Beginning nursing students are tasked oriented
True
101
True or False
When you are a basic critical thinker, you will perform skills carefully and continuously following policy and procedure
True
102
Can create distraction, making it difficult to a new nurse to focus on applying the nursing process in an individualized and systematic way
Skills
103
Develops from getting to know a patient and building a foundation for connecting on the first day of care, to deepening understanding of the patient and being able to recognize clinical changes on subsequent days
Nurse-patient relationship
104
A nurse's ___ varies according to educational experience that includes basic nursing education, continuing education courses, and additional college degrees
Knowledge base
105
A knowledge based on research or clinical expertises that makes nurses better informed critical thinkers
Evidence-based knowledge
106
The most critical source of knowledge a nurse applies in critical thinking
Patient data
107
Guide a nurse during assessment
Patient data
108
Is a practice discipline
Nursing
109
Is the laboratory for developing and testing approaches that you safely adapt or revise to fit the setting, a patient's unique qualities, and the experiences you have from caring for previous patients
Clinical experience
110
Affects the presentation of cues or patient data, which indirectly affects the decision maker
Task complexity
111
Are guidelines for how to approach a problem and make the correct decision
Critical thinking attitudes
112
Is the belief in oneself, one's judgement and psychomotor skills, and one's possession of the knowledge and the ability to think critically
Confidence
113
True or False
Confidence grows with experience in recognizing your strengths and limitations
True
114
True or False
A critical thinker does not accept another person's ideas without question
True
115
This is an important aspect of evidence-based practice
Thinking independently
116
Learning to consider a wide range of ideas and concepts before making a judgement
Thinking independently
117
Not letting bias or prejudice affect your decisions
Fairness
118
Having a sense of ____ helps you develop and attitude of fairness
Imagination
119
Is the knowledge that you are accountable for your decisions, actions, and critical thinking
Responsibility
120
Are the minimum level of performance accepted to ensure high-quality care
Standards of practice
121
True or False
A discipline thinker misses few details when assessing a patient, considering care options and resources, or making decisions about nursing interventions
True
122
True or False
A discipline thinker never misses few details when assessing a patient, considering care options and resources, or making decisions about nursing interventions
False
123
To keep looking for more resources until you find a successful approach
Persevering/Perseverance
124
True or False
A critical thinker who perseveres is not satisfied with minimal effort but works to achieve the highest quality level of care
True
125
True or False
A critical thinker who perseveres is satisfied with minimal effort and works to achieve the highest quality level of care
False
126
Involves original thinking and motivates you to think of options and unique approaches. This means that you find solutions outside the standard routine of care while still following standards of practice
Creativity
127
Motivates you to further investigate a clinical situation so that you get all the information you need to make a decision
Curiosity
128
A person of ____ is honest and willing to admit to mistakes or inconsistencies in one's own behavior, ideas, and beliefs
Integrity
129
It is the act of admitting to any limitations in your knowledge and skill
Humility
130
2 (two) types of standards for critical thinking
1. Intellectual standards
2. Professional standards
131
Is a guideline or principle for rational thought
Intellectual standard
132
You apply these standards during all steps of the nursing process
Intellectual standards
133
Refer to ethical for nursing judgements, evidence-based criteria used for evaluation, and criteria for professional responsibility
Professional standards
134
These standards "raise the bar" for the responsibilities and accountabilities that a nurse assumes in guaranteeing high-quality health care to the public
Professional standards
135
A step in the nursing process that methodically determines if nursing care approaches were successfully led to desired or expected patient outcomes
Evaluation
136
Is a critical thinking component that prepares you to better anticipate and identify patient problems by understanding their origin and nature
Knowledge
137
Is like instant replay. It is not intuitive. It involves purposely visualizing a situation and taking the time to honestly review everything you remember about it
Reflection
138
It assists an individual in learning about life situations and experiences that provide a significant means for the person to learn
Reflection
139
Allows you to gain knowledge and raise questions about your practice
Reflection
140
Is a tool for developing self-evaluation skills by consciously clarifying concepts used in nursing practice
Reflective journaling
141
This model can be used individually or as a process shared with others
Model for reflection
142
Is a visual representation of patient problems and interventions that shows their relationship to one another
Concept map
143
It is a nonlinear picture of a patient to be used for comprehensive care planning
Concept map
144
Helps you synthesize relevant data about a patient, including assessment data, nursing diagnoses, health needs, nursing interventions, and evaluation measures
Concept map
145
Is a reasoning process by which you cognitively apply and analyze your thoughts, actions, and knowledge to make sound clinical judgement
Critical thinking
