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Lit 1st Final > Critical theory > Flashcards

Critical theory Flashcards

1
Q

analysis of literary structures (genre; character, plot, setting, etc.)

A

Formalism /New Criticism 1920’s forward

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2
Q

rejected literature’s historical and biographical contexts

A

Formalism /New Criticism 1920’s forward

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3
Q

intrinsic meaning of texts; literature expresses “universal truths”

A

Formalism / New criticism 1920’s forward

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4
Q

critic’s task to explore precisely through language and form how that truth is expressed -‐“Close reading”; the TEXT holds THE meaning

A

Formalism /New Criticism 1920’s forward

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5
Q

Aristotle (The Poetics) -‐Plato (The Republic) -‐John Crowe Ransom -‐Cleanth Brooks -‐T.S. Eliot

A

Formalism / New criticism 1920’s forward

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6
Q

emphasis on reader’s role in creating meanings

A

Reader response

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7
Q

meanings generated by a transaction between reader and a text; meaning is not wholly intrinsic to the text

A

Reader response

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8
Q

Louise Rosenblatt (The Reader, The Text, and The Poem) -‐Robert Probst (Response and Analysis) -‐Wolfgang Iser -‐Stanley Fish -‐Norman Holland

A

Reader response

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9
Q

based on Marx’s theories of class and cultural production

A

Marxist/Materialist Analysis

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10
Q

importance of class and economic conditions; power relationships and class ideologies presented within a text

A

Marxist/Materialist Analysis

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11
Q

Terry Eagleton -‐Karl Marx -‐Frederich Engles

A

Marxist/Materialist Analysis

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12
Q

concept of the unconscious, conscious, ego and id -‐human activity not always conscious

A

Psychoanalytic Analysis

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13
Q

nature/ nurture -‐developmental stages; childhood trauma and its effect on development

A

Psychoanalytic Analysis

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14
Q

Sigmund Freud -‐Jacques Lacan -‐Northrup Frye

A

Psychoanalytic Analysis

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15
Q

principles of scientific linguistic study applied to literature -‐signified (the concept), signifier (the word), sign (combination of concept and word)

A

Structuralism and Semiotic Analysis

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16
Q

making meaning through binaries (oppositions) -‐no sign is ever fully understandable

A

Structuralism and Semiotic Analysis

17
Q

language structures our perception of reality -‐language is never neutral

A

Structuralism and Semiotic Analysis

18
Q

Ferdinand de Saussure (linguistics) -‐Claude Levi-‐Strauss (anthropology) -‐Romon Jakobsen (linguistics) -‐Jonathan Culler -‐Roland Barthes -‐Umberto Eco (The Name of the Rose) -‐Robert Scholes

A

Structuralism and Semiotic Analysis

19
Q

calls into question all assumptions of comprehension and comprehensiveness; meaning never certain, always “deferred.”

A

Deconstruction/ Post-‐structuralism

20
Q

the power deployed and social relationships organized through discourse

A

Deconstruction/ Post-‐structuralism

21
Q

-‐“difference”: meaning made through differences among signs, but never made certain

A

Deconstruction/ Post-‐structuralism

22
Q

texts betray traces of their own instability -‐there is nothing outside the text -‐“blindness and insight” -‐the world is a text

A

Deconstruction/ Post-‐structuralism

23
Q

Jacques Derrida -‐Michael Foucault -‐Jonathan Culler

A

Deconstruction/ Post-‐structuralism

24
Q

focuses on gender (the social roles performed by the sexes) -‐draws upon and influences every other critical theory -‐recognition of different degrees of social power granted to and exercised by women and men

A

Feminist Analysis

25
Q

explores complex ways women have been denied social power and the right to free expression -‐like Marxist and materialist analysis, feminist criticism sees texts as thoroughly social-‐language, institutions, and social power reflect patriarchal interests

A

Feminist Analysis

26
Q

-‐Julia Kristeva -‐Hekene Cixous -‐Luce Irigaray -‐bell hooks (race and gender) Toril Moi Elaine Showalte

A

Feminist Analysis

27
Q

encompasses many different methodologies (post-‐structuralism, gender, race, class, psychology) -‐focus on sexuality as a particularly important component of human identity, social organization, and textual representation

A

Gay/Lesbian/Queer Analysis

28
Q

influence of negative attitudes toward same-‐sex desire -‐social attitudes about sexuality have changed dramatically; differ significantly for men and women

A

Gay/Lesbian/Queer Analysis

29
Q 
issues of “normality” are appropriate subjects for critique and investigation 
Henry Abelove
 -‐Margaret Cruikshank
 -‐Michael Foucault
 -‐Eve Sedgwick
A

Gay/Lesbian/Queer Analysis

30
Q
  • -explores relationships between a text and its social context
    -‐examines how the belief systems of a time and place are reflected in, and potentially altered by literary representation
A

Race, Ethnicity, and Post-‐Colonial Analysis

31
Q

-‐racism and ethnocentrism are thoroughly entrenched in language, literature, art, and social institutions
-‐“race” = physical distinctions combined with distinct social history

A

Race, Ethnicity, and Post-‐Colonial Analysis

32
Q

-‐Gloria Anzaldua -‐Henry Louis Gates -‐bell hooks -‐Elaine H. Kim -‐Edward W. Said

A

Race, Ethnicity, and Post-‐Colonial Analysis

33
Q

-‐“ethnicity” = nonphysical aspects of cultural identity (religion, social customs, language) -‐“post-‐colonialism” focuses on national and regional legacies of national and regional imperialism and colonialism

A

Race, Ethnicity, and Post-‐Colonial Analysis

34
Q

commitment to challenging oppression based on cultural identity
-‐understanding that race and ethnicity have been used in ways that empowered and oppressed

A

Race, Ethnicity, and Post-‐Colonial Analysis

35
Q

-‐New Historicism uses many other forms of analysis but always rooted in historical research on past eras and pre-‐20th century texts
-‐cultural analysis also uses many other forms of analysis. Focuses on 20th century or present-‐day works; often emphasizes non-‐literary genres
-‐history is not linearly progressive and is not reducible to the activities of prominent individuals -‐daily life reveals much about belief systems of a time period

A

New Historicism and cultural studies

36
Q

history is not linearly progressive and is not reducible to the activities of prominent individuals -‐daily life reveals much about belief systems of a time period

A

New Historicism and cultural studies

37
Q

Wayne C. Booth -‐John Brannigan -‐Michael Foucault -‐Stephen Greenblatt

A

New Historicism and cultural studies

Lit 1st Final (1 decks)

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