Critical question 1: How are sports injuries classified and managed?

Question 1

Some injuries are caused by direct forces generated from outside the body. Direct injuries result in fractures, dislocations, sprains and bruises.

Answer 1

Direct injuries

Question 2

In contrast to direct injuries, indirect injuries are caused by an intrinsic force. That is, a force within the body. Indirect injuries normally occur as a result of an inadequate warm up, ballistic movements, excessive movement or a fault in the execution of a skill. They are the result of excessive strain being placed on muscles, tendons and ligaments, causing irritation and possible damage to body structures.

Answer 2

Indirect injuries

Question 3

result from intense or unreasonable use of joints or body areas. They are provoked by repetitive, low-impact exercise such as jogging or stepping. These injuries cause pain and inflammation around the site of the injury. often contribute to stress fractures that may be difficult to detect in the early stages. Local swelling and tenderness may indicate a stress fracture.

Answer 3

Overuse

Question 4

Muscles
Tendons
Ligaments
Cartilage
Skin
Blood vessels
Organs
Nerves
Sprains
Strains
Dislocations
Subluxation
Torn cartilage
Contusions
Abrasions

Answer 4

Soft tissue injuries

Question 5

Dislodging a tooth
Fracturing a bone

Answer 5

Hard tissue injuries

Question 6

This stage is characterised by:
Pain, redness and swelling around the injured area
Loss of function and mobility
Damage to cells and surrounding tissues
Increased blood flow to the area
Leakage of fluid causing swelling (oedema)
The formation of many blood vessels to promote healing

Stage 2: the repair and regenerative stage
This stage may last from 3 days to 6 weeks and is characterised by:
The elimination of debris
The formation of new fibres
Production of scar tissue
Stage 3: the remodelling stage
This stage can last from 6 weeks to many months and is characterised by:
Increased production of scar tissue
Replacement tissue needs to strengthen and develop in the direction that the force is applied. The type of remodelling varies according to the timing and degree of mobilisation of the injury. Excessive exercise too early causes further damage. Too little exercise allows large quantities of scar tissue to form, which lacks strength and flexibility.

Answer 6

The inflammatory response

Question 7

are a type of wound where the first layer of skin is scraped or rubbed off.
Treatment for ——– requires gentle cleansing and sterilisation of the wound to prevent
infection.

Answer 7

Abrasions

Question 8

A ——– is a wound where the flesh has incurred an irregular tear. In the event of a
scalp ——–, the treatment includes thoroughly cleansing the area with antiseptic soap
and then apply a dried and sterile gauze pad to the area.

Answer 8

Laceration

Question 9

occur when:
new equipment is being worn or used
Equipment is used for a long time, which may happen with clubs, bats or racquets
The activity requires sudden changes of direction, causing friction in a sports shoe

Answer 9

Blisters

Question 10

are considered hard tissue injuries based on the tissue that is initially impacted.
is the displacement of a bone at a joint, therefore the direct injury is to the
bone (hard tissue).

Answer 10

Dislocations

Question 11

what does TOTAPS stand for

Answer 11

talk, observe, touch, active movement, PASSIVE MOVEMENT and skills test

Question 12

TOTAPS

Answer 12

Assessment of injuries

Question 13

Rehabilitation procedures

Answer 13

Progressive mobilisation
Graduated exercise
Training
Use of heat and cold

Question 14

Indicators of readiness

Answer 14

Elasticity
Strength
mobility
pain-free
balance

Question 15

Classifying injuries

Answer 15

Direct injuries
Indirect injuries
Overuse injuries
Soft tissue injuries
Hard tissue injuries