Critical Care Monitoring Equipment Flashcards
ECG function, middle electrode placement, and conditions to terminate PT.
4 conditions for termination
Function: Monitors heart rate and rhythm in patients at risk for dysrhythmias, critically ill patients, or to assess response to activity.
Middle Electrode Placement: 5th intercostal space, anterior axillary line.
Terminate PT for:
* ST elevation > 1.0 mm in leads with diagnostic Q-waves
* Supraventricular tachycardia > 150 bpm
* Ventricular tachycardia
* Ventricular fibrillation
Arterial Catheter function, anatomical location, and transducer position
Function: Directly and continuously monitors systolic BP (sBP), diastolic BP (dBP), and MAP. Can draw ABGs and rarely deliver medication.
Anatomical Location: Radial, femoral, or brachial artery.
Transducer Position: 5th intercostal space (level with the heart).
Normal Values: MAP, Systolic, Diastolic
- MAP: 70–105 mmHg
- Systolic BP: 90–140 mmHg
- Diastolic BP: 60–90 mmHg
If the arterial catheter transducer is positioned too high, BP will read HIGHER/LOWER than actual
Lower
Central Venous Catheter function (5):
- Monitors central venous pressure (R atrial pressure) — reflects R heart function
- Administers medications and parenteral nutrition
- Transfuses blood
- Draws venous blood samples
- Short- to long-term access
Central Venous Catheter inserts into one of these veins and terminetes at the ________.
- Subclavian, jugular, or femoral
- Superior Vena Cava
Normal Central Venous pressure:
2-5 mmHg
Central Venous Catheter PT considerations (1):
Avoid ipsilateral shoulder flexion above 90
Elevated CVP can cause the following (5):
- Over-hydration
- Heart failure
- Pulmonary artery stenosis
- Positive pressure breathing
- Straining
Decreased CVP can cause the following (3):
- Hypovolemic shock
- Fluid shift
- Dehydration
Pulmonary Artery Catheter function:
- Evaluate volume status
- Evaluate cardiac function
- Guide medical therapy
- Monitor response to fluids, diuretics, vasoactive drugs
- Monitor high-risk patients peri-operatively
Pulmonary Artery Catheter anatomical location:
- Jugular vein (most common)
- Subclavian vein
- Femoral vein.
Normal cardiac output:
4-8 L/min
Normal ICP:
4-15 mmHg
What is normal cerebral perfusion pressure and how is it calculated?
> 60 mmHg
MAP - ICP = CPP
Before moving a patient with an external ventricular drain, what must be done (3)?
- Ensure physician order to clamp the EVD.
- Have a nurse clamp the EVD.
- ICP should be < 25 mmHg at rest.
Identify: Irregular, rapid heart rate
Atrial fibrillation
Identify: Extra heartbeats from the ventricles
Premature ventricular contraction
Identify: Fast, regular beating from the ventricles
Ventricular tachycardia
