Critial Thinking

Question 1

When we hear a claim that something thing is effective we need to

Answer 1

Be critical of the claim and evidence that backs it up

Question 2

We need to determine the quality of the ……. That supports the claim

Answer 2

Evidence

Question 3

3 main questions to ask when evaluating a claim

Answer 3

1) what claim is being made
2) what is the evidence for the claim
3) how credible is the evidence

Question 4

You need to be a ………. ……… To evaluate the claim

Answer 4

Critical consumer

Question 5

Ask yourself what the person

Answer 5

Is asking you to believe and whether is sounds reasonable

Question 6

Do it claim to do loads of things?

Difficult to determine what behaviour with change?

Answer 6

Warning signs that is isnt true

Question 7

Bolster means

Answer 7

Increase

Question 8

Ways if bolstering a claim

Answer 8

1) testimonials, personal stories, endorsements
2) books, magazine articles
3) websites
4) references to science/research
5) actual science / research

Question 9

All evidence is …. Created equal

Answer 9

Not

Question 10

Need to consider some i…….. d…… When we evaluate evidence

Answer 10

Important distinctions

Question 11

Basic distinctions such as

Answer 11

Subjective and objective

Question 12

Subjective is

Answer 12

Described using anecdotes,
Persona  experiences,
Personal theories
Gut theories 
Human judgement

Question 13

Objective

Answer 13

Effects are defines in terms are SPECIFIED, OBSERVABLE and MEASURABLE,
Measured by instruments, control bias

Question 14

Reference to science/ research

Answer 14

Descriptive or correlational
And
Evidence

Question 15

Descriptive or correlational Is v……

But can tell us about c…… And e……. Relationships

Answer 15

Valuable
Cause
Effect

Question 16

Experimental systematically manipulates v….. To determine cause and effect
Allows us to rule out a……. E……. For effects

Answer 16

Variables

Alternative explanations

Question 17

Where can u find evidence ?

Answer 17

1) self published claims

2) peer-reviewed scientific journals

Question 18

Self punished claims are

Answer 18

1) authors own

Question 19

Peer reviewed scientific journals

Answer 19

Reviewed by several of scientists to determine is research is worthy of publishing

Question 20

Appealing to science without scientific back up is called

Answer 20

Pseudoscience

Question 21

Pseudoscience is

Answer 21

Lots of scientific works to make something look creditable

Where’s the studies to back it up?

Question 22

Rampant =

Answer 22

Common

Question 23

Problems of pseudoscience is

Answer 23

1) Rampant in human service agencies & education
2) result in gross mismanagement of funding
3) delay access to effective treatment
4) physically and emotionally harmful

Question 24

Pseudoscience thrives on

Answer 24

Ignorance

Question 25

Spot pseudoscience ?

Answer 25

1) strategies relies on faith
2) emotional appeal instated of logic & science
3) scientific terms used but no evidence
4) when asked can’t provide evidence

Question 26

problemayic behaviours are..

Answer 26

problems because they are:

• inapropriate & person sholdnt be doing them,
• occur to often EXCESSES

Question 27

behaviour that don’t occur but should are called

Answer 27

behaviour deficits

Question 28

process of learning a new behaviour is called…

Answer 28

behavioural acquisition

Question 29

common behavioural acquisition are

Answer 29

shaping
chaining
prompting

Question 30

development of a new behaviour through reinforcement of successive aproximations of a target behaviour is …

Answer 30

shaping.

Question 31

shaping can be used to develop a new behaviour or to change

Answer 31

dimentions of existing behaviour

Question 32

chaining is the

Answer 32

development of complex behaviour through reinforcment of a specific sequence of behaviours

Question 33

chaining goal is for

Answer 33

all links to sereve as a reinforcer and an sD

Question 34

success of chaining depends on TASK ANALYSIS this is …

Answer 34

Detailed spec of all he compenent steps within a behaviour chain

Question 35

farward chaining

Answer 35

behaviour is taught sequentially from 1st - last

Question 36

backwards chaining

Answer 36

• last - first
• to begin all steps are completed for the person
  ACCESS FIANL REINFORCER AFTER EACH PRACTICE TRIAL

Question 37

total task presentation

Answer 37

All steps are demonstrated

learner copies

Question 38

____________ only used when learner already knows the compoment and just need to learn the sequence

Answer 38

Total task presentation

Question 39

behaviours are longer or more complex ________ or ________ ________ work equally well

Answer 39

Forward or backward chaining

Question 40

stimulus provided before or during that helps person engage in correct behaviour in the presence of a sD

Answer 40

PROMPT

Question 41

response prompt

Answer 41

prompts that involve the behaviour of another person

Question 42

stimulus prompt

Answer 42

prompts that invovle changing a antecedent stimulus

Question 43

response prompts are

Answer 43

• verbal prompts
• gestural prompts ( Physical movement)
• Modeling prompts (demonstration)
• physical prompts (Physical contact)

Question 44

within stimulus prompts are

Answer 44

sD’s that have been altered to make them more noticable

Size, colour, intensity, location

Question 45

extra stimulus prompt

Answer 45

Additional stimus in conjunction with sD

Big arrow pointinh , something circled