criminology unit 2

Question 1

what did Lombroso study?

Answer 1

Criminals facial features

Question 2

what did lombroso want to do to criminology

Answer 2

make the study of criminology scientific and believed people were born criminal

Question 3

where were the criminals from that Lombroso studied

Answer 3

italy

Question 4

which facial features did Lombroso link to criminality

Answer 4

-high cheek bones
-fleshy lips
-large chins
-handle shaped ears

Question 5

what did Lombroso think caused these criminal facial features

Answer 5

Atavistic genes

Question 6

what are atavistic genes

Answer 6

genes from earlier in human development ‘primitive’

Question 7

how do criminals act according to lombroso

Answer 7

they act savage and untamed - cannot follow the rules of society = criminal

Question 8

positives of lombrosos theory

Answer 8

-supporting evidence
-practical application

Question 9

negatives of lombrosos theory

Answer 9

-methodology
-ethical implications

Question 10

what did Sheldon study

Answer 10

peoples body types and how they can link to criminality

Question 11

what were the 3 categories Sheldon split people into

Answer 11

-endomorphic
-ectomorphic
-melomorphic

Question 12

how do endomorphic act according to Sheldon

Answer 12

sociable, comfortable, relaxed

Question 13

how do ectomorphies act according to Sheldon

Answer 13

self-conscious, introverted

Question 14

how do melomorphics act according to Sheldon

Answer 14

aggressive, senstion seeking, adventurous

Question 15

who are the criminals according to Sheldon

Answer 15

mesomorphic are the criminals because they are mentally and physically capable

Question 16

what are Sheldon’s strengths

Answer 16

-supportinh evidence

Question 17

what are Sheldon’s weaknesses

Answer 17

-methodology
-ethical implications
-assumes that somotypes are fixed

Question 18

what is Jacobs XYY theory

Answer 18

he believed that criminals inherit and extra Y chromosome and are ‘super-males’

Question 19

what are super males charateristics

Answer 19

-tall and well built
-lack intelligence
-highly aggressive (mentally and phyisically able to commit crime)

Question 20

strengths of Jacobs XYY theory

Answer 20

-supporting evidence

Question 21

weaknesses of Jacobs XYY theory

Answer 21

-ignores alternatives
-ethical implications
-can’t explain all crime

Question 22

how do brain injuries or disorders cause people to become criminals

Answer 22

a person will begin non criminal and then will suffer a brain ingury/disorder and then become criminal

Question 23

example of a brain injury

Answer 23

Phineas Gage, he has a metal rod go threw his brain and it damaged his prefrontal cortex, this is responsible for personality and thinking, after the accident he became aggressive, selfish and gained negative personality trates and this can link to criminality

Question 24

example of brain tumours

Answer 24

Charles Whitman, Texas clock tower shooter, he did know his urges were out of control but couldnt help them, in his autopsy they found out he had a tumour on the amygdala which regulates emotion=crime

Question 25

strengths of Brian tumours/inguries

Answer 25

-supporting evidence
-methodology

Question 26

negatives of brain tumours/inguries

Answer 26

-alternatives
-methodology