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Criminology > criminology test one > Flashcards

criminology test one Flashcards

1
Q

what does UCR (Uniform Crime Report) data measure?

A

reported crime

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1
Q

what does mala in se describe?

A

Crime that are inherently bad (in and of itself)

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2
Q

what does mala prohibita describe?

A

behavior deemed illegal because the prohibits the behavior

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3
Q

what are Part I Index crimes?

A

major felonies, mala en se crimes

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4
Q

what makes up Part II offenses?

A

less serious offenses, displayed only by arrest data, simple assault, fraud, vandalism, prostitution
Only arrest data is collected

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5
Q

what data should you use to find out how many victims know their offenders?

A

National Crime Victimization Survey data

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6
Q

which of the following is a limitation of the UCR data?

A

It cannot measure victim-offender relationships, doesn’t cross-analyze demographics, it misses hidden crime

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7
Q

what is a correlate of a crime?

A

A variable that is statistically associated with crime

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8
Q

What is under-representation in arrest (for a group, for example)?

A

the proportion of arrests less than the proportion of the population

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9
Q

which of the following best describes property crime trends over the last three decades?

A

it has decreased significantly

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10
Q

what is over-representation in arrest?

A

proportion of arrests more than proportion of population

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11
Q

what does the NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey) measure?

A

Aims to understand the extent of crimes that go unrported. property crimes and victimization, demographics on victims and offenders, crime circumstances

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12
Q

what is the consensus model of the law?

A

shared morals so shared views on crime. Emile Durkheim assumes our consensus of right and wrong

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13
Q

what does a structural level of analysis mean?

A

macro analysis- a social structure is analyzed

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14
Q

which of the following is a major demographic correlate of crime?

A

gender/sex, race/ethnicity, place

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15
Q

what is an assumption of the group conflict model of law?

A

there are many sources of power, law is a prize awarded to those with power, and beliefs of law are based on the group you are a part of
Law reflects behavior based on your social group

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16
Q

what do qualitative and field study data measure?

A

descriptions of behavior, culture, and place

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17
Q

which of the following is a limitation of the NCVS data?

A

telescoping, cannot be used for smaller cities, memory errors

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18
Q

what is a theory in social science?

A

a framework to answer why processes and behaviors occur.

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19
Q

what does the individual level of analysis mean?

A

a person is looked at on a micro level

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20
Q

how does Differential Association Theory view crime?

A

crime is learned like other social processes

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21
Q

what data should you use to find out the homicide rate in California?

A

official data

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22
Q

what does cross-level analysis look like?

A

both structures and individuals are studied

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23
Q

which of the following is an assumption of the class conflict model of the law?

A

conflict between the well-off and the less well-off, law is a tool used by the rich, and beliefs are based on the class you’re in.

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24
Q

How does the Labeling Perspective view crime?

A

person is labeled as bad so they internalize this and act so

25
Q

according to the Routine Activities Perspective:

A

victimization is explained by the everyday activities of life

26
Q

which is an example of social structure?

A

neighborhoods

27
Q

what data should you use to study the hierarchies among drug cartels?

A

qualitative/field study data

28
Q

what does Anomie mean?

A

Normlessness

29
Q

True or False: Criminology as a field is concerned with the collection and analysis of forensic data.

A

false

30
Q

the definition closest to the ritualist mode of adaptation (Anomie Theory) is:

A

one who follows societal means but doesn’t focus on goals

31
Q

What is the best universal predictor (holds over time and place) of…

A

age

32
Q

True or false: one criticism of the NCVS is that it applies a hierarchy of crime and only reports the most serious of crimes

A

False

33
Q

One critique of differential association theory is that it does not really account for…?

A

personal choice/agency

34
Q

True or false: Merton’s Anomie theory argued that normlessness/anomie and thus crime is solely the result of low SES

A

false

35
Q

the class conflict model of law has its roots in which major theorist’s philosophy?

A

Karl Marx

36
Q

this is the explicit function of a law- what the law primarily intends to do.

A

manifest function

37
Q

True or false: according to labeling theory, everyone who is labeled as a deviant will eventually commit a crime

A

false

38
Q

to get the most accurate data on rape and sexual assault, one should look to which source? (but with caution)

A

the NCVS

39
Q

Vandalism, larceny theft, robbery, and burglary occur in the same incident. Which one will the traditional UCR report?

A

Robbery

40
Q

routine activities theory is a theory about ____ and thus doesn’t explain why someone commits a crime.

A

victimization

41
Q

You want to study crime rates in a rural area in the northeastern United States. Which data source would be best?

A

Official data (UCR/NIBRS)

42
Q

True or false: Official data (UCR/NIBRS) is always trustworthy because police departments always report their crime data accurately.

A

False

43
Q

Which of the following would apply a deviant label to a person according to the Labeling Theory?

A

publicly practicing a religion that isn’t the dominant on in society, having a public outburst due to a mental health issue, and wearing clothes to school that are garish and weird-looking.

44
Q

The consensus model of law stems from or is attributed to the work of which theorist?

A

Durkheim

45
Q

According to Routine Activities Theory, what would be the effective strategy to protect your home from burglary?

A

setting up an alarm system, getting a big loud dog, and having multiple locks on your doors.

46
Q

True or false: official data includes information on commercial and residential crime whereas the NCVS accounts for residential only

A

True

47
Q

who is statistically most likely to commit a crime?

A

young men

48
Q

True or false: critical theories assume that the law benefits everyone equally.

A

False

49
Q

A crime that is, more or less, universally agreed to be morally reprehensible.

A

Mala en se

50
Q

you want to learn what crimes the police are focusing on. What data source should you use?

A

official data (UCR/NIBRS)

51
Q

True or false: triangulation means repeating the same study multiple times to see if the results can be replicated.

A

false

52
Q

according to DAT an opportunity to commit a crime that is not obvious to the average person is a…

A

subjective opportunity

53
Q

a law prevents public employees (ex. teachers) from organizing a strike. What model of law does this represent?

A

class conflict

54
Q

according to anomie theory which mode of adaptation is most closely associated with crime?

A

innovation

55
Q

True or false: a primary limitation of the NCVS is inaccurate reporting under-reporting certain crimes and over-report other crimes

A

true

56
Q

since the 1990s crime rates in the U.S. have…

A

fallen considerably and for the most part consistently

57
Q

True or false: when using all available sources of data, we are confident that we have a complete and correct picture of crime.

A

false

58
Q

according to DAT which would be MOST influential and most heavily weighted for one’s chances of committing a crime?

A

relationship with parents or friends

59
Q

True or false: qualitative data can get information that quantitative data can not allowing us to study hard-to-study groups

A

true

60
Q

one way to account for telescoping and memory issues when collecting NCVS data is…

A

bounding

61
Q
A

Criminology (1 decks)

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