Criminal Psychology Flashcards
Operant conditioning
Learning from the consequences of actions
Positive reinforcement
Receiving something pleasant for a behavior, so we repeat it
Negative reinforcement
The avoidance of something unpleasant, so we do it again
Primary reinforcers
These satisfy a basic biological need e.g. food, water, warmth and shelter
Secondary reinforcers
These are of no survival value, but we have learned to associate them with a primary reinforcer e.g. money, credit cards
Positive punishment
Receiving something unpleasant for a behavior, so we do not do it again
Negative punishment
Removing something pleasant so we do not repeat the behavior
Social learning theory
Behavior is learned through the observation and imitation of role models
Retention
Able to recall the modeled behavior
Modeling
Learning a new behavior through paying attention to, retaining and reproducing the behavior of a role model
Reproduction
An ability to reproduce a behavior
Observational learning
Learning new behaviors through watching and modeling a role model
Motivation
This increases the likelihood of performing the observed behavior
Role model
A person whose we admire or with whom we share similar characteristics
Identification
This occurs in social learning theory when the learner replicates the behavior and/or internalizes belief
