Criminal Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning from the consequences of actions.

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2
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Receiving something pleasant for a behaviour, so we repeat it.

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3
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

The avoidance of something unpleasant, so we do it again.

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4
Q

Primary reinforcers

A

These satisfy a basic biological need e.g. food, water, warmth and shelter.

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5
Q

Secondary reinforcers

A

These are of no survival value, but we have learned to associate them with a primary reinforcer e.g. money, credit cards.

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6
Q

Positive punishment

A

Receiving something unpleasant for a behaviour, so we do not do it again.

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7
Q

Negative punishment

A

Removing something pleasant so we do not repeat the behaviour.

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8
Q

Social learning theory

A

Behaviour is learned through the observation and imitation of role models.

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9
Q

Retention

A

able to recall the modeled behaviour

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10
Q

Modelling

A

Learning a new behaviour through paying attention to, retaining and reproducing the behaviour of a role model.

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11
Q

reproduction

A

an ability to reproduce the behaviour

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12
Q

Observational learning

A

Learning new behaviours through watching and modelling a role model.

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13
Q

motivation

A

this increases the likelihood of performing the observed behaviour

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14
Q

Role model

A

A person who we admire or with whom we adhere similar characteristics.

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15
Q

identification

A

this occurs in SLT when the learner replicates the behaviour and/or internalises belief

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16
Q

Vicarious reinforcement

A

Motivation to model the behaviours of others who we see being rewarded for their behaviour.