Criminal Law Flashcards
Specific Intent
actively desired the prescribed criminal consequences
General Intent
known that the prescribed criminal consequences were reasonably certain to result
Recklessness
aware of the risk that criminal consequences would occur
Criminal Negligence
gross deviation below the standard of care of a reasonably careful person under the circumstances
Defenses
-Infancy
-Insanity
-Intoxication
-Mistake of Fact
-Mistake of Law
-Justification
a. Self defense
b. Justifiable Homicide
c. Defense of Others
Principal
all persons concerned in the commission of a crime
Accessory after the fact
after the commission of a felony another who harbors, conceals, or aids the other, knowing or having reasonable ground to believe the other committed a felony with the intent that the other avoid or escape from arrest, trial, or punishment
Conspiracy
- Agreement
- 2 or more parties
- SPECIFIC intent to commit a crime
- Over Act
Attempt
- SPECIFIC intent
- Act or omission BEYOND preparation
Soliciation
one or more incites or procures another to commit a felony
Homicide
killing of a human being by the act, procurement, or culpable omission of another
First Degree Murder
- Specific intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm
- AND an aggravating circumstance
1st Degree: Felony Murder
Death occurred while engaged in the perpetration or attempted perpetration an enumerated felony
Enumerated Felonies
- Agg kidnapping
- second deg kidnapping
- agg escape
- agg arson
- agg or first rape
- forcible or second degree rape
- agg burglary
- armed robbery
- assualt by drive by
- first and second degree robbery
- simple robbery
- terrorism
- cruelty to juveniles
- second degree cruelty to juveniles
Agency Theory
felony murder requires the killing committed directly by felon or his “agent” ALL deaths foreseeable from his actions are not responsible
1st Degree: Fireman or Police Officer
- Specific Intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm
- Police, Fireman, Peace Officer, Civilian employee of a forensic lab
- Who was engaged in their lawful duties
- OR intent was due to their role as officer
1st Degree: More than one person
Specific Intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm on more than one person
1st Degree: Age of Victim
Victim was under 12 or 65 and older
1st Degree: Other Aggravating Circumstances
- offered or received value for klling
- engaged in drug distribution
- engaged in ritualistic acts
- previously acted with specific intent to kill or inflict bodily harm that resulted in the killing of one or more persons
- killed victim whole restraining order was between d and victim
- to prevent testimony in criminal proceeding
- victim was taxi driver or correction facility employee while in course of employment
Second Degree Murder
- Intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm
Attempted Murder
Must have SPECIFIC intent to kill and committed an over act
2nd Degree: Felony
- Death occurred during the perpetration or attempted perpetration of one of the enumerated felonies
- with no intent to kill or inflict great bodily harm
2nd Degree: Controlled Dangerous Substances
Unlawfully distributes or dispenses controlled dangerous substances that are the direct cause of death
Intentional Manslaughter
killing was committed in sudden passion or heat of blood IMMEDIATELY caused by provocation sufficient to deprive an average person of his self control and cool reflection (argument alone or words is not enough - REASONABLE person standard)
To reduce from murder jury must find:
1. offenders blood did not actually cool
2. an average person’s blood would not have cooled
Unintentional Manslaughter
without intent to cause death or great bodily harm
- engaged in perpetration or attempted perpetration of any felony NOT enumerated in the murder statutes OR intentional misdemeanor directly affecting the victim; OR
- resisting lawful arrest in a way that is not inherently dangerous and circumstances that the killing would not be 1st or 2nd murder
Manslaughter during Crime of Violence
commits or attempts to commit any crime of violence that is part of a continuous sequence resulting in death where it was foreseeable by D conduct it could result in death
Negligent Homicide/Injuring
1 killing/injuring of a human being by criminal negligence; OR
2. by a dog or other animal when the owner is reckless and criminally negligent in confining or restraining the animal
Vehicular Homicide/Vehicular Negligent Injuring
a killing proximately or directly by another engaged in the operation of, or in actual physical control of, any vehicle, regardless of intent when the offender is: under the influence of alcohol, controlled dangerous substance, combo of alcohol and a legal drug, or legal drug knowingly consumed in large quantities
Simple Battery
- intentional use of force or violence on another
- without the consent of the victim
Second Degree Battery
- intentional use of force or violence on another
- without consent
- intentionally inflict serious bodily injury
Aggravated Battery
- intentional use of force or violence on another
- without consent
- force or violence was was inflicted with a dangerous weapon
- dangerous weapon was an instrumentality used in a manner likely or calculated to cause death or great bodily harm
Aggravated 2nd Degree Battery
intentionally INFLICTS serious bodily injury on the victim with a dangerous weapon
Assault
- Attempt to commit a battery; OR
- intentional placing of another in reasonable apprehension of receiving a battery
Simple Assault
without a dangerous weapon