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CCJ 3011 > Crimes Against Persons > Flashcards

Crimes Against Persons Flashcards

1
Q

Homicide

A

The willful killing of one human being by another.

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2
Q

Murder

A

An unlawful homicide.

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3
Q

Criminal Homicide

A

The causing of the death of another person without legal justification or excuse

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4
Q

Felony Murder

A

A special category of murder, whereby an offender who commits a crime during which someone dies can be found guilty of first-degree murder even though the person committing the crime had no intention to kill anyone.

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5
Q

Sibling Offense (Blocks)

A

The incident that begins the homicide

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6
Q

Victim Precipitation (Wolfgang)

A

Contributions made by the victim to the criminal event, especially those that led to its initiation.

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7
Q

Instrumentality

A

(the type of weapon used in a particular encounter has an effect on whether the encounter ends in death)

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8
Q

Availability

A

(how access to guns may increase their presence in all types of interactions)

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9
Q

Serial Murder

A

A criminal homicide that involves the killing of several victims in three or more separate incidents.

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10
Q

3 Part Motivation Typology

A

1) Thrill-motivated killers (most common)
2 types: sexual sadist & dominance killers
2. Mission-oriented killers
2 types: reformists & visionary killers
3. Expedience-directed killers
2 types: profit-driven & protection-oriented killers

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11
Q

The black widow

A

Kills spouses & usually for economic profit

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12
Q

The angel of death

A

Kills those in her care or who rely on her for some form of medical attention or support

Kills those in her care or who rely on her for some form of medical attention or support
Kills those in her care or who rely on her for some form of medical attention or support

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13
Q

Mass Murder

A

The illegal killing of more than three individuals at a single time.

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14
Q

3 types of contributing factors to mass murderers

A
  1. Predisposers - Long term and stable preconditions that become incorporated into the personality of the killer
  2. Precipitants - Short term and acute triggers
  3. Facilitators - Conditions (usually situational) that increase the likelihood of a violent outburst but are not necessary to produce that response.
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15
Q

Rape

A

The penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.

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16
Q

Forcible Rape

A

The carnal knowledge of a person forcibly and against their will.

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17
Q

Common law definition of rape (Until the 1970s)

A

The carnal knowledge of a woman, not one’s wife, by force or against her will.

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18
Q

Rape Shield Laws

A

Ensure that defendants do not introduce irrelevant facts about the victim’s sexual past into evidence.

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19
Q

Feminist Perspective (rape)

A

Rape is viewed as an act of power or domination in which the tool used to subordinate is sexual.

20
Q

The Psychopathological Perspective (rape)

A

Rape is the result of idiosyncratic mental disease.

Rape often includes an uncontrollable sexual impulse.

21
Q

Evolutionary/Biological Perspectives (rape)

A

Sexual Selection: some traits appear to survive not because they are related to survival, but because they increase the attraction of mates or the defense against competition

22
Q

Evolutionary/Biological Perspectives (rape)

A

Sexual Selection: some traits appear to survive not because they are related to survival, but because they increase the attraction of mates or the defense against competition

23
Q

Power Rape

A

Do not purposely set out to harm their victim
Generally planned
55% of reported rapists

24
Q

Anger Rape

A 
Do purposely set out to harm their victim
Generally impulsive
40% of reported rapists
Often Involves torture
 5% of reported rapists
25
Sadistic Rape
Involve a combination of power and rape motives
26
Sadistic Rape
Involve a combination of power and rape motives
27
Acquaintance Rape
Rape characterized by a prior social (not necessarily intimate or familial) relationship between the victim and perpetrator.
28
Spousal Rape
The rape of one spouse by another.
29
Four-Part Typology of Men who Rape Their Wives
- Prefer rape to consensual sex - Enjoy both rape and consensual sex and are indifferent about which it is - Prefer consensual sex but will rape when their sexual advances are refused - Might like to rape their wives but do not act on their desires
30
Child Sexual Abuse
Encompasses a variety of criminal and civil offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor, exploits a minor for purposes of sexual gratification, or exploits a minor sexually for purposes of profit.
31
Regressed | Pedophiles
attracted sexually primarily to their own age groups but are passively aroused by minors
32
Fixated | Pedophiles
adult pedophiles who engage in planned sexual acts with children
33
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC)
All offenses in which an adult victimizes a child sexually for profit, including the prostituting of a child and creating or trafficking in child pornography.
34
Child Pornography
A visual representation of any kind that depicts a minor engaging in sexual explicit conduct that is obscene and that lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
35
Child Pornography
A visual representation of any kind that depicts a minor engaging in sexual explicit conduct that is obscene and that lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
36
Robbery
The taking of or attempt to take anything of value under confrontational circumstances from the control, custody, or care of another person by force or threat of force or violence and/or putting the victim in fear of immediate harm.
37
Aggravated Assault
The unlawful attack by one person upon another wherein the offender uses a weapon or displays it in a threatening manner, or the victim suffers obvious or severe bodily injury.
38
Simple Assault
Assaults and attempted assaults where no weapon was used or no serious or aggravated injury resulted to the victim. 
39
Separation Assault
Violence inflicted by partners on significant others who attempt to leave an intimate relationship.
40
Workplace Violence
The crimes of murder, rape, robbery, and assault committed against people who are at work or on duty.
41
Hate Crime
A criminal offense in which the motive is hatred, bias, or prejudice, based on the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation of another individual or group of individuals.
42
Stalking
A course of conduct directed at a specific person that involves repeated visual or physical proximity; nonconsensual communication; verbal, written, or implied threats; or a combination thereof that would cause a reasonable person fear.
43
Cyberstalking
The use of technology, such as email and the Internet, to harass individuals.
44
Stalker Types
1) Rejected Stalkers 2) Predatory Stalkers 3) intimacy Seeking Stalkers 4) Resentful Vendetta Motivated Stalkers 5) Incompetent Suitors
45
Stalker Types
1) Rejected Stalkers 2) Predatory Stalkers 3) intimacy Seeking Stalkers 4) Resentful Vendetta Motivated Stalkers 5) Incompetent Suitors
46
Types of Workplace Violence
Type 1: Violent acts by criminals who have no other connection with the workplace, but enter to commit robbery, acts of terrorism, or another crime. Type 2: Violence directed at employees by customers, clients, patients, students, inmates, or any others for whom an organization provides secrets Type 3: Violence against coworkers, supervisors, or managers by a present or former employee. Type 4: Violence committed in the workplace by someone who doesn’t work there, but has a personal relationship with an employee, such as an abusive spouse or domestic partner

CCJ 3011 (4 decks)

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